Uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela esincike ku-insulin sitholakala ezinganeni nakubantu abasha. Kuhlotshaniswa nokungakwazi kwamaseli we-pancreatic ukukhiqiza i-insulin ye-hormone. Uma kutholakala izimpawu zesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, kubalulekile ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha ngesikhathi. Udokotela we-endocrinologist, ngemuva kokwenza izivivinyo ezijulile zesimo se-carbohydrate metabolism emzimbeni, uzosiza ukumisa ukulawula ngalesi sifo. Esikhathini se-arriers of ochwepheshe kunemithi, amadivaysi okulinganisa. Ukudla kanye namasethi wokuzivocavoca akhiwe, ngosizo lapho isiguli singasondela empilweni ejwayelekile.
Kuyini ukungazinaki izimpawu?
Ukukhohlakala kwesifo sikashukela kulele ekutheni iminyaka eminingana kungenzeka kungabikho zimpawu ezisobala zesifo se-endocrine. Ngasikhathi sinye, izinqubo ezonakalisayo (ezonakalisayo) emzimbeni aziyeki ngenxa yokwehluleka kwe-carbohydrate nezinye izinhlobo zemetabolism (okunamafutha, amaprotheni). Ukuphazamiseka kokubekezelela kwe-glucose kwamaseli kuyatholakala ngesikhathi kuhlolwa izifo zesikhumba, amazinyo, uhlelo lwezitho zofuzo, ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha. Noma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, izehlakalo zomzimba zanda ngokushesha kangangokuba ukuxilongwa kwenziwa esibhedlela kuneziguli esevele zikhubazekile.
Ochwepheshe bahlukanisa izinhlobonhlobo zokukhohlisa. Kuze kube yi-30% yamacala esifo sikashukela esisanda kutholwa ezitholakala ezigulini ezangeniswa ezikhungweni zezokwelapha ezine-ketoacidosis. I-ketoacidemic coma ivela namazinga kashukela egazi isikhathi eside. Emzimbeni, ukuqoqwa kwe-hormone yamanyikwe - i-insulin, kuncipha kakhulu. Imizimba yeKetone (acetone) iqongelela.
Ngokuphulwa kokudla (ukubulawa yindlala isikhathi eside) noma i-insulin ngokweqile, elawulwa kusuka ngaphandle, izinga likashukela wegazi liyancishiswa kakhulu (ngaphansi kuka-3,3 mmol / l). I-Hypoglycemic coma iyakhula. Isiguli kungenzeka, isikhathi esithile, singazi lutho. I-Coma ingumphumela omubi wokungazinaki izimpawu zesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1. Ukuletha kuye kusongela kakhulu impilo.
Ukuvezwa kwesithombe esibonisa
Iziguli ezinesifo se-endocrinological zikhononda ngalokhu:
Ukubonakaliswa kwesikhumba kushukela- ukoma ngokweqile (i-polydipsia) - ngosuku kuze kufike ku-10 l;
- isifiso sokudla (i-polyphagy);
- ukuchama kaningi, ikakhulukazi ebusuku (polyuria) - ngosuku kuze kufike kumalitha ayi-10.
Izimpawu ezintathu ze-hyperglycemia (ushukela wegazi ophakeme) zibhekwa njengezibaluleke kakhulu - kuyizinkomba. Babizwa nangokuthi i-classic.
Gcwalisa isithombe:
- ukuncipha kwesisindo (amadigri ahlukahlukene, ngokuvamile abukhali);
- ukuvela komkhuba wokuthuthukisa izifo (i-periodontal isifo, i-furunculosis), izifo zesikhunta (izipikili, i-genitalia yangaphandle);
- ngenxa yomlomo owomile kunezinkinga zamazinyo (ukopha kwezinsini, ukukhululwa kwamazinyo, ukwakheka okuqinile kwe-plaque, itshe);
- izilonda zesikhumba ezingalapheki kahle (amanxeba, imihuzuko);
- Ubuhlungu enhliziyweni nemisipha yethole.
Izimpawu eziphambili ze-hyperglycemia
Yandisa isimo sesiguli esinesifo sikashukela:
- ukozela
- ukunakwa okungahambi kahle, inkumbulo;
- ubuthakathaka obujwayelekile obukhula emzimbeni wonke;
- ukwehla okubonakalayo kokukhubazeka.
Ushukela ophezulu wegazi uthinta i-sex drive. Amadoda aqaphela ukuthi buthaka kwe-potency, abesifazane - libido.
Izimbangela kanye nendlela yokukhula kwezimpawu
"Ukudlula" ukuhumusha okungokoqobo kwesifo sikashukela esaziwa kusendulo. Ngokuntuleka noma ukungabikhona kwe-insulin emzimbeni, amaseli ayabulawa yindlala, okuholela ekunciphiseni isisindo nasekufiphaleni.
Umsebenzi obalulekile wezicubu ze-nerve (ubuchopho, ama-neurons) akuxhomekile kwi-hormone yamanyikwe. Naphezu kokuba khona kwe-insulin noma ukungabikho kwe-insulin, amangqamuzana ngokwawo athatha ushukela egazini. Nge-hyperglycemia, ushukela owedlulele ungena kwezicubu zezinzwa. Isiguli sizwa izimpawu zokukhathala, usizi ekhanda, ukukhathala okusheshayo.
I-glucose ye-insulin ayidingeki ukungena ngaphakathi kwe-lens yeso yeso. Ushukela omningi, isiguli siba namafu emehlweni, kuvela i-haze. Imithambo yegazi yakhiwa ngezicubu ezinganciki ku-insulin. Ushukela omningi unqwabelana emangqamuzaneni egazi, ekuxhumekeni okungaphakathi kwemithambo nama-capillaries. Ukushintshwa kwegesi okubandakanya i-oksijini ne-carbon dioxide kuncike kumaseli abomvu egazi. Ngakho-ke, ukondleka kwezicubu ezithintekayo kuyaphazamiseka.
I-polyphagy yenzeka ngenxa yenqubo eyandayo yokuqhekeka kwamaprotheni namafutha. Kukhona into eyindida - ukuncipha kwesiguli ngokumelene nesizinda senkanuko yothando. Esikhathini sikashukela esinzima, isifiso sokudla singanyamalala ngokuphelele, kuze kube yilapho umuntu ekuthande ngokuphelele ukudla.
IPolydipsia ihambisana nokulahleka koketshezi lomzimba nosawoti. Umchamo nge-polyuria ulula noma awunawo umbala. Ushukela ukhishwa ezinsweni, ngakho-ke umzimba uzama ukuzikhulula kushukela ongadingekile, onamandla okubhubhisa.
Imiphumela emibi yesifo sikashukela ezinso iyingozi empilweni nasempilweni yesiguli
Izimbangela Zesifo Sikashukela soHlobo 1
Ukubekwa phambili kokuvela kwefomu elincike ku-insulin:
- I-pathological precursors yohlobo lwe-1 yesifo sikashukela ingaba ukukhuluphala, isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi, izifo zenhliziyo ezi-coronary, infarction ye-myocardial, ne-hypertension.
- Ukugula okungamahlalakhona okuhlala njalo kutholakala njengefa. Isandulela salesi sifo sitholakala kubantu lapho omunye wabo noma bobabili abazali, izihlobo ezisondelene ngegazi, wayegula (wagula).
- Imvamisa etholakala nesifo sikashukela i-mellitus kubantu abake baba nesifo sohlangothi, ukucindezela okukhulu (isikhathi eside sokuqina kwenzwa), ukuvuvukala okuvela ngokushisa okuphezulu, ukuvezwa kwezinto ezinobuthi.
Lapho ukutholwa kwezimpawu kungenzeka khona
Okokuqala, iningi labasakhulayo basengozini ngenxa yokungalingani kwamahomoni esikhathini sokuthomba. Okuhlukile ukuthi lesi sifo singenzeka ngokuhlaselwa kwe-hypoglycemia - ukwehla okukhulu kwamazinga kashukela egazini.
Izimpawu zokubonisa ushukela ophansi:
- ukujuluka
- ukuzamazama kwesandla (ukuzamazama okubonakalayo);
- isiyezi, i-vasospasm;
- izibuko
- ubukhulu (izindebe, ulimi, isilevu).
Izimpawu ze-hypoglycemia
Izimpawu zendlala nobuthakathaka obujwayelekile zivame ukudidaniswa ne-hyperglycemia, isimo esinamanani aphezulu. Uma ngoshukela ophezulu isiguli sinesikhathi sokuya ku-endocrinologist, khona-ke ngesimo se-hypoglycemic, ukubala kuya imizuzu. Ukudideka kwenzeka kumuntu. Izimpawu zokuvuka zivusa ukunqena nokunganaki, kungena isigaba.
Okwesibili, ngokwenzeka kohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, ochwepheshe bezokwelapha baphawula ukutholakala kwesikhathi esithile. Ezikhathini zasekwindla nasebusika-entwasahlobo, inani elikhulu lamacala atholakele ayaqapheleka. Ngesikhathi sokushisa okuguquguqukayo, isimo sezulu esimanzi, amathuba okutheleleka komzimba ngezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane (ama-mumps, i-rubella, isimungumungwane) ayanda.
Okwesithathu, abantu abamiselwe ukuba bathayiphe isifo sikashukela soku-1 kufanele basebenzise ukwenqatshwa kokugonywa kwesibili. Amacala amaningi aqoshwe lapho isifo se-endocrine sivela ngokushesha ngemuva kokugoma.
Ukulinganisa ushukela wegazi kungenziwa ekhaya nge-glucometer.
Ngokusola kokuqala kokuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic okwenzeka emzimbeni, kufanele uthintane nodokotela. Izinyathelo ezilandelayo zifakiwe kuhlolo (umphumela ojwayelekile ukhonjisiwe kubakaki):
- isivivinyo segazi elisheshayo (hhayi ngaphezulu kuka-6.1 mmol / l);
- ukuhlaziywa kwe-plasma yegazi (7.0 mmol / l);
- inani le-hemoglobin ye-glycated (kufika ku-6.2%);
- iphrofayili nge-glucose (kufika ku-7.8 mmol / l, amasampula egazi kungakapheli amahora ama-2 ngemuva kokuthatha i-carbohydrate, ngesilinganiso esingu-75 g);
- ukuhlolwa komchamo we-acetone ne-glucose (engemihle).
Esikhathini sikashukela i-mellitus, isimo sesiguli sikhethekile. Ungumbheki osebenzayo futhi oqondile wokuncoma kwezokwelapha. I-Endocrinologists ifaka ukubaluleka okukhulu kokufundisa isiguli izindlela zokulawula nokubheka amazinga kashukela wegazi. Ukujwayelana nezisekelo zokwelapha kwenzeka "ezikoleni zikashukela." I-Hyperglycemia iyindlela eyinhloko yokwakhiwa kwezinkinga ezinzima nezingamahlalakhona zesifo esinamandla. Kuya ngesiguli ukuthi ukulungiswa kwe-carbohydrate metabolism kwenzeka kanjani, futhi, ngokufanele, ikhwalithi yempilo yakhe.
