Okuncane kwesiLatin: ushukela ukhonjiswa kanjani ekuhlolweni kwegazi futhi zisho ukuthini ezinye izinkomba ku-decoding?

Uma isifo sikashukela sisolwa kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, kanye nabantu abanezifo ezikhona ze-endocrinological, abelaphi bavame ukunikeza ukudluliselwa kwengxenye yegazi ukunquma izinga le-glucose.

Kunzima kumuntu ongenayo imfundo yezokwelapha ukuqonda imiphumela. Udokotela wehlisa imininingwane.

Kepha kuyasiza nokuthi isiguli siqonde ukuthi ushukela ukhonjiswa kanjani kuhlolo lwegazi.

Ngabe kuthiwa yini ukuhlola kweglucose legazi?

ISerum iqukethe izinto ezahlukahlukene. Ukufundwa kokuhlushwa kwe-plasma glycemia ezigulini kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi ukuvivinya ushukela.

Kepha kwezokwelapha ayikho into enjalo. Ngokufanele, lolu hlobo lokuxilongwa elabhorethri lubizwa ngokuthi ukuhlola kweglucose yegazi.

Ukuhlolwa kunikeza ulwazi olunembile mayelana ne-carbohydrate metabolism. Isikhombi sinqunywa ucwaningo lwe-serum olune-biochemical noma olujwayelekile.

Kusho ukuthini ushukela ekuhlolweni kwegazi ngezinhlamvu zesiLatini?

I-glucose esefomini lokuhlolwa kwemiphumela ikhonjiswa ngezinhlamvu ezintathu zesiLatini - i-GLU. Igama eligcwele - iGlucose.

Kukalwa ku-mmol ilitha ngalinye. Inani elijwayelekile labadala liyahlukahluka phakathi kuka-3.89-6.38 mmol / l.

I-Plasma ithathwa emthanjeni noma emunweni ukuze ihlolwe. Uhlobo lothingo luthinta inani lesilinganiso esijwayelekile.

Zisho ukuthini izinhlamvu ekuhlolweni kokuhlaziywa kwamakhemikhali?

Uma i-biochemistry yegazi ihlolwa, umuntu uthola umphumela ezandleni zakhe, okhombisa izifinyezo eziningi, izifinyezo. Ukuhumusha kahle ukuhlaziya, udinga ukwazi ukuthi izinhlamvu ezikhonjiswe kwifomu elijwayelekile zisho ukuthini.

Izinkomba ezilandelayo zifundwa ngesikhathi sokufunda ngamakhemikhali:

• I-GLU. Ukwezwa njengeglucose. Inani layo linikeza ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kohlelo lwe-endocrine yomuntu. Ukwanda kwalesi sikhombisi sikhombisa izwe lesifo sikashukela, isimo sokukhulelwa, uhlobo lokuqala noma lwesibili sikashukela. IGlucose ibhekene nokudla kwama-carbohydrate;
• I-HGB (Hb). Kusho hemoglobin. Inani elijwayelekile liyahluka kusuka ku-120 liye ku-140 g / l. Unesibopho sokuhambisa i-carbon dioxide, i-oksijini ezithweni. Kubamba iqhaza ekulungisweni kwe-pH. Kubonakala njengokuhlushwa kwe-hemoglobin engxenyeni ephelele yegazi. Inani eliphansi libonisa i-anemia, ukuntuleka kwe-folic acid noma i-iron. Amapharamitha okweqile awuphawu lokuqina kwegazi, ukuvinjezelwa kwamathumbu, ukushiswa, ukusebenza ngokweqile komzimba;
• I-HCT (Ht). I-Denotes hematocrit. Kubonisa isilinganiso samaseli abomvu egazi kanye ne-serum. Akukhombisi usayizi ophelele wamangqamuzana abomvu egazi. Inani elifanele labo besifazane liyi-35-45%, kwabesilisa - 39-49%. Ukwanda kwesifo sikashukela i-mellitus, ukukhubazeka kwenhliziyo yokuzalwa, isifo sohudo, ukugabha. Ukwehla kwe-anemia, ukukhulelwa (kusukela ngenyanga yesihlanu yokuzala ingane);
• I-Rbc. Nge-RBC, odokotela baqonda inani lamaseli abomvu egazi. Kwabesifazane, inani elifanele lisezingeni le-3.8-5.5x1012 / l, kwabesilisa - 4.3-6.2x1012 / l, ezinganeni - 3.8-5.5x1012 / l. Amangqamuzana abomvu egazi abunjwe nge-disc. Lawa ngamaseli abomvu we-serum. Bahambisa umoya-mpilo ezithweni nasezithanjeni, badlulisela isikhutha kumaphaphu. Ukwehla kwezinkomba kukhombisa ukuthi une-anemia, ukuntuleka kwamavithamini B12 no-B9, ukulahleka kwegazi okubalulekile ngenxa yokulimala. Amaseli abomvu egazi anda ngokuvuvukala, ukomisa, ubuthi botshwala, ukubhema, ukweqisa ngokomzimba;
• I-Wbc. Lesi yisibalo samaseli amhlophe egazi e-serum. Akhiwa emgqonyeni wamathambo, ama-lymph node. Inani elifanele lihluka phakathi kwe-4.0-9.0 × 109 / L. Lawa amaseli amhlophe egazi. Banesibopho sokusekela ukungatheleleki. Ukuphambuka kokujwayelekile kubonisa ukuqhubeka kokuvuvukala;
• Plt. Kubonisa ukubalwa kweplatelet. Lezi yizakhi zegazi ezivimbela ukulahleka kwegazi. Babamba iqhaza ekwakhekeni kweziqeshana zegazi. Inani elifanelekile ngu-180-320 × 109 / l. Ukwehla kwesikhombisi kukhombisa ukuthi umuntu unomkhuba wokukopha;
• I-Lym. Amanani amabili angabonakala kufomu lokuhlaziya le-biochemical: LYM% (LY%) kanye ne-LYM # (LY #). Owokuqala umele okuqukethwe okuhlobene kwama-lymphocyte, owesibili - ngokuphelele. I-LYM% ejwayelekile ingu-25-40%, i-LYM # ingu-1,2-3.0x109 / l. Ama-Lymphocyte anesibopho sokukhiqiza ama-antibodies, ukungatheleleki kwamagciwane ahlukahlukene, amagciwane. Ukudlula okujwayelekile kukhombisa i-lymphocytic leukemia, isifo sofuba, izifo ezithathelwanayo.

I-Latin notation ekuhlaziyeni jikelele

Ukubala okuphelele kwegazi ukutadisha kokuqala udokotela onekhono anikeze okudluliselwa kulo ukuhlola isimo esijwayelekile somzimba wesiguli. Lapho kukhona ukuvuvukala, inqubo ye-oncological, ukwakheka kwegazi ngokwemiphumela yocwaningo olujwayelekile kuzoba nokuphambuka kokujwayelekile.

Efomini lokuhlaziya elijwayelekile, ungabona lo mbhalo olandelayo ngesiLatin:

• Hgb. Le hemoglobin. Okujwayelekile kwabesifazane ngu-120-140 g / l, kwabesilisa - 130-160 g / l. Iyancipha i-anemia, izinkinga zezinso, ukopha kwangaphakathi. Ukhuphuka ngokuphelelwa ngamandla, ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo, i-pathologies yohlelo lwegazi;
• I-Rbc. Lokhu kungamaseli abomvu egazi. Ziqukethe i-hemoglobin. Okujwayelekile kwabesifazane yi-3.7-4.7x1012 / l, kwabesilisa i-4.0-5.1x1012 / l. Ukuhlushwa kuncipha ngokulahleka kwegazi, i-anemia, ukuvuvukala okungapheli, ekukhulelweni sekwephuzile. Izinga lamaseli abomvu egazi landa ngezifo zamaphaphu, i-bronchi, izinso, inhliziyo, isibindi, ngenkathi belashwa ngemithi equkethe ama-hormone;
• I-Wbc. Kusho amaseli amhlophe egazi. Okujwayelekile kubo bobabili ubulili yi-4.0-9.0x109 / l. Isikhombi siyancipha uma kukhona ukutheleleka ngegciwane emzimbeni, kuthatha ama-anticonvulsants kanye nama-analgesics. Inani leukocytes landa ngezifo, ukuvuvukala, komzimba, neoplasms. Ukuthatha inhliziyo, imishanguzo ye-hormonal kusiza ukwandisa lesi sikhombisi;
• Plt. Lawa ngamapuleti. Inani labo elilungile lingama-180-320x109 / l. Ukuhlushwa kwehla ngokufaka ubuthi, ukungalingani kwe-hormonal, i-pathologies yesibindi, izifo zomgogodla, lapho uthatha ama-diuretics, ama-antibiotics, ama-hormone, i-nitroglycerin. Ukunyuka kubonwa ngokuvuvukala, esikhathini se-postoperative;
• I-ESR. Imele isilinganiso se-erythrocyte sedimentation. Ibonisa inkambo yesifo. Inani elifanelekile ngu-2-15 mm / h kwabesifazane, 2-10 mm / h kwabesilisa. Izinga lehla ngokujikeleza okumpofu, ukushaqeka kwe-anaphylactic. I-ESR inyuka phambi kokutheleleka, ukuvuvukala, ukungalingani kwe-hormonal, i-anemia nezinkinga zezinso. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, le nkomba nayo iyanda.

Bathini emiphumeleni yohlolo lokubekezelela ushukela?

Uma usola isifo sikashukela, odokotela banikeza ukuhlolwa kwe-glucose ngokuzivocavoca. Okusemqoka ukuthi okokuqala, ingxenye yegazi ihlolwa esiswini esingenalutho, bese kuba ihora namabili ngemuva kokuphuza isiphuzo esimnandi se-carbohydrate.

Imiphumela yokuhlaziya ngamanani eglucose. Zikhonjiswa ngezinhlamvu zesiLatini uGlu.

Inani elijwayelekile ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa ngemuva kokudla isiphuzo sikashukela lifinyelela ku-7.8 mmol / L.

Ukuqokwa kwe-glucose (ushukela) emazweni aphesheya

Kwesinye isikhathi kufanele uhlaziye amazinga we-glucose phesheya (ekubeni se-sanatorium, ukwelashwa esibhedlela).

Lapho, ukuhlushwa kwe-glycemia kukhethwe ngendlela ehlukile. Inkomba ilinganiswa ngamaphesenti ama-milligram - mg / dl.

Kusho inani loshukela ku-100 ml we-Whey. Emazweni aphesheya, ushukela we-plasma ejwayelekile ngu-70-110 mg / dl. Ukuhumusha imininingwane enjalo ngezinombolo ezijwayele abaseRussia, udinga ukuhlukanisa umphumela nge-18.

Amavidiyo ahlobene

Mayelana namazinga kashukela egazini kuvidiyo:

Ngakho-ke, ushukela ekuhlolweni kwegazi kukhonjiswa ngezinhlamvu ezintathu zesiLatini - i-GLU. Imele ushukela. Ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zocwaningo, ivelu yayo ejwayelekile ingahluka.

Kuya ngokuthi impahla yendalo (umunwe, i-vein) ithathwe kuphi. Ukwanda noma ukuncipha kubonisa ukwephulwa emkhakheni we-endocrinological.