Isifo sikashukela isifo sikashukela yisifo, uma singalashwa, okuholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu. Isifo sikashukela sobuntwana esingaziwa futhi esingalashwa siyingozi ephindwe kabili.
Ngakho-ke, udinga ukwazi ukuthi lesi sifo sibonisa kanjani ukuze ubonane nochwepheshe ngesikhathi. Ukuxilongwa ngesikhathi sikashukela ezinganeni kuyindlela yokuqinisekisa ukuthi ingane ingahola impilo efanayo nontanga yakhe.
Izinhlobo zesifo
Izinga lokuthuthuka kwalesi sifo, ukubonakaliswa kwalo kanye nemiphumela yokuxilonga kuncike ohlotsheni lwesifo sikashukela:
- Uhlobo olu-1. Ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo kushesha, ngokoqobo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Imbangela yalesi sifo ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin okwanele noma ukunqanyulwa ngokuphelele kwale nqubo;
- 2 uhlobo. Ngokungafani noshukela wohlobo lokuqala, lesi sifo sikhula kancane. Ngeshwa, abazali abaningi bakhala i-alamu kuphela ngemuva kokuvela kwezinkinga. Imvamisa iba ukukhula kusukela ebusheni.
Ungasibona kanjani isifo sikashukela enganeni: izimpawu
Ezinganeni esezikhulile, kulula kakhulu ukuthola izimpawu ezethusayo, futhi ezinsaneni kunzima kakhulu. Ngokukhula kancane kancane kwalesi sifo, ingane ayitholi kahle isisindo somzimba, ukulala kwayo nokudla kuyaphazamiseka.
Ukuphazamiseka kweStool kuyabonakala futhi. Isibonakaliso esingaqondile sesifo sikashukela izinkinga zesikhumba: ukuqubuka okungapheli kweleveli, ukuqubuka, ukungezwani komzimba, ukushisa okunamahlwili, ukuqubuka kokuhlanza. Umchamo uyaqina. Zonke lezi zimpawu zibonisa ushukela.
Ezinganeni zasenkulisa kanye nasezikoleni zamabanga aphansi, lesi sifo siveza lezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:
- ukuchama kaningi, kubandakanya ebusuku;
- umuzwa ongapheli wokoma;
- ukunciphisa umzimba ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo;
- ulwelwesi olomile lwe-mucous;
- ukubonakala kwesikhumba.
Ingane ikhala ngobuthakathaka, iba nomunyu, yenqaba ngisho nemidlalo ayithandayo.
Ukusebenza kwesikole kuyancipha. Ngeshwa, abazali bavame ukuthi lokhu kungobuvila obujwayelekile nokungathandi ukuhlanganyela.
I-Teenage (ngemuva kweminyaka eyi-14-15) isifo sikashukela sinezimpawu zayo. Ukungakhathaleli, ukungasebenzi kahle, imalaise, izinkinga zesikhumba, ukuthinteka kwamakhaza - zonke lezi zimpawu zingabalingani besifo sikashukela.
Ukwanda ushukela wegazi kunomthelela ekuqubukeni komile ongacimekiyo. Inani elikhulu lamanzi okuphuza lifaka i-polyuria - ukuchama njalo ubusuku nemini.
Emantombazaneni, isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 kuvame ukuhlanganiswa yinkimbinkimbi ye-polycystic ovary, ebeka ingozi eqondile emsebenzini wokuzala womzimba.
Uma ungazinaki izimpawu zokuqala zesifo, ukuphazamiseka kwemithambo kuyajoyina: umfutho wegazi uyenyuka, amazinga e-cholesterol ekwandeni kwegazi. Osemusha uhlushwa imfucumfucu emilenzeni, imizwa yokuqina.
Yikuphi ukuhlola okusiza ukuthola isifo sikashukela: amagama nezinkambiso
Ekuqaleni, isifo sikashukela singase singabonakali ngokwanoma iyiphi indlela, noma izimpawu aziphikiswa kakhulu. Ukuhlolwa okunikezwe uchwepheshe kusiza bobabili ukubona lesi sifo nokulawula izinga loshukela nempilo iyonke.
Ukusheshisa ukubala kwegazi
Ngokusebenzisa ukuhlaziya okujwayelekile, ushukela ungabonakala. Ingane iyahlolwa ekuseni, esiswini esingenalutho.
Ngokuhambisana namazinga emitholampilo, izinga loshukela enganeni enempilo yi-3.5-5,5 mmol / L.
Uma okuqukethwe ushukela okutholakele kukhuphukiwe, khona-ke, njengomthetho, kuhlaziywa ukuhlaziywa kwesibili.
I-Biochemical
Ukuhlaziywa kwe-biochemical kunikeza isithombe esinolwazi kakhulu segazi, kukuvumela ukuthi unqume ukuba khona kwalesi sifo, isigaba saso kanye nobunzima baso. I-SD ayihlukile.
Izinkomba ezibalulekile zesifo sikashukela:
- ushukela. Inani elijwayelekile lifinyelela ku-6.1 mmol / l. Amanani aphakathi kwe-6.1-6.9 abhekwa njengaphakanyisiwe, futhi ngaphezu kwe-7 mmol / L kukhombisa isifo sikashukela;
- glycated hemoglobin. Ngokusho kwalesi sikhombisi (inani eliphakathi kwenqanaba le-glucose lezinsuku ezingama-90), kubalwa isilinganiso sokuncephezelwa kwalesi sifo. Umphumela owenelisayo ubhekwa njenge-7% nangaphansi;
- triglycides. Ukwanda kuyinto ebonakala ekuqaleni ifomu elincike ku-insulin, kanye nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 ngokukhuluphala. Norm - kufinyelela ku-1.7;
- lipoprotein. Esikhathini sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili, izinga lama-lipoprotein aphezulu kwabantu liyehliswa, futhi liphansi - ngakolunye uhlangothi, liyanda;
- insulin. Okuqukethwe kwalo egazini elinoshukela 1 kuncishiswa kakhulu. Ngohlobo 2 sikashukela, inkomba ikhuphuka kancane noma isezingeni elijwayelekile;
- fructosamine. Amanani ajwayelekile angatholakala ngesifo sikashukela esikhokhelwayo. Uma lesi sifo siqhubeka, amazinga e-fructosamine aphakama.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngoshukela ngemuva kokudla
Izinga le-glucose amahora ama-2 ngemuva kokudla ezingeni lika-3.9 kuya ku-8.1 mmol / L kubhekwa njengokujwayelekile. Inkomba ye-11.1 mmol / L noma ngaphezulu ikhombisa ushukela ongaba khona. Ukuqinisekisa noma ukuphika umphumela, kuchazwa ukuhlaziywa kwesibili.
Ceptide assay
I-C-peptide iyisiqephu esingasebenzi se-insulin. Ukujwayelekile kuvela ku-298 kuya ku-1324 pmol / L.
Lokhu kucubungula kuhlinzekelwe kokubili ukutholakala kwesifo sikashukela nokubheka ukusebenza kwezindlela zokwelapha. Ngohlobo 1 sikashukela, izinkomba ziyanda, ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, kunalokho, ziyancishiswa. Igazi linikelwa ku-C-peptide esiswini esingenalutho ekuseni.
Ukuhlolwa kokubekezelela kwe-glucose
Le ngenye yezindlela ezintsha ezenza ukuthi sikwazi ukubona isifo kusukela ekuqaleni kokukhula kwayo. Isiguli sinika igazi esiswini esingenalutho. Ngemuva kwalokho uphuza imizuzu eyi-10 ukusuka ku-75 kuye ku-100 ml wamanzi aneshukela ashukela. Lokhu kulandelwa isampula yegazi yokuhlaziywa ngemuva kwamahora we-0.5, 1, 1.5 kanye ne-2.
I-Urinalysis
I-OAM inikezela ekuseni ngesisu esingenalutho. Ushukela ojwayelekile kumchamo akufanele ube.
Uma i-glucose itholakala umchamo, lokhu kukhombisa isifo sikashukela. Ukuthola umphumela wezinhloso, kuhlaziywa ukuhlaziywa komchamo wansuku zonke.
Ukulungiswa kwe-diuretic akufanele kuthathwe phambi kwakhe futhi kunemikhiqizo edonsa umchamo.
IGlycated Hemoglobin
Lesi yingxenye ye-hemoglobin ehambisana neglucose. Ngokunyuka kweshukela, inkomba ye-GH nayo iyanda. Lokhu kukhombisa ingozi yokuba nesifo sikashukela.
I-Urinalysis
Kubekelwe izinhloso zokuxilonga nokubheka ukusebenza kahle kokwelashwa okunqunyelwe ingane yesifo sikashukela. Ushukela ojwayelekile kumchamo wansuku zonke ungaphansi kwe-1,6 mmol / ngosuku.
Ukuqaphela isifo sikashukela, kubuye kuhlaziywa ama-oxalates (usawoti we-oxalic acid). Inani elijwayelekile liphakathi kuka-20 no-60 mg / usuku.
Umchamo wansuku zonke kufanele uqoqwe embizeni enamalitha ama-3, yomile futhi ihlanzekile, noma esitsheni esikhethekile samalitha ayi-2.7, athengiswa ekhemisi. Ngosuku olwandulela lolu hlaziyo, awukwazi ukuthatha i-Aspirin, i-diuretics, uvithamini B. Kufanele wenqabe kwimikhiqizo efana nama-beet kanye nama-karoti, ngoba enza umchamo ungasebenzi.
Yinikeze esitsheni noma, ngaphambi kokuyiyisa elabhorethri, uthele ingxenye eyi-100 ml esitsheni esincane. Kulula kakhulu ukuqoqa umchamo wokuhlaziywa kosana usebenzisa umchamo okhethekile, othengiswa ekhemisi.
Ukuxilongwa okuhlukile kwesifo sikashukela ezinganeni
Thayipha isifo sikashukela sokuqala sivele kuqala phakathi kweminyaka yezinyanga eziyisithupha kanye nentsha yokuqala. Imvamisa, lesi sifo senza ukuthi ukubhekelwa kwakho kube impela.
Ukuqala kwesifo kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nokubonakaliswa kwe-ketoacidosis, ukwehla okubukhali kwesisindo somzimba. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin kuyeka ngokuphelele noma ngokwengxenye.
Ukuphela kwendlela ephumelelayo yokulungisa lesi simo ukuthatha ukwelashwa esikhundleni se-insulin.
Abafana, uhlobo 1 sikashukela luvame kakhulu. Kwi-CD-1 khombisa lezo zimpawu:
- ushukela wegazi ophakeme njalo;
- inkomba encishisiwe ye-C-peptide;
- ukuhlushwa okuphansi kwe-insulin;
- ukuba khona kwama-antibodies.
Imvamisa yesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 ayidluli ku-10%. Ngokuvamile, ukuqala kwalesi sifo kuya ekuthweni kokuthomba.
Izici zesifo sohlobo lwesibili:
- ukuthuthuka kancane kancane;
- ukuvama ngokweqile noma ukukhuluphala ngokweqile;
- ukwanda okukhulu kwe-glucose kanye ne-glycated hemoglobin;
- izinga le-C-peptide lejwayelekile noma liphakeme;
- amazinga ajwayelekile noma aphezulu we-insulin;
- awekho ama-antibodies kumaseli we-pancreatic beta.
Ungakuvimbela kanjani ukukhula kwesifo?
Iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu ekuvinjelweni kwesifo sikashukela ezinganeni ukudla okufanele. Kubalulekile futhi ngokulinganayo ukugcina ibhalansi yomzimba.
Ngaphambi kokudla ngakunye (imizuzu engama-30) udinga ukuphuza ingilazi yamanzi (ukuze ungadidaniswa netiye, ikofi noma iziphuzo eziqukethe ushukela).
Uma ingane ikhuluphele, kufanele unake ukwehlisa umthamo wekhalori. Yidla kaningi, ezingxenyeni ezincane. Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zeklabishi, i-zucchini, u-anyanisi, ugarlic, isithelo, izithelo ezingafakwanga ziphakathi kwemikhiqizo enempilo.
Izilungiselelo ezinambitheka zingalungiswa kubo, ukuze ngendlela efanele, ukudla kungabonakali enganeni kungeke kwehluleke. Isilinganiso sokuvimbela esibaluleke ngokulinganayo umsebenzi womzimba. Kuyasiza ukuqeda ukumiswa kwe-glucose egazini futhi kwehlise isisindo somzimba .. Ukuxakaniseka kwengxenye yehora lokuzivocavoca ngosuku kwanele.
Ungazihlukanisa zibe izindlela ezintathu zemizuzu eyishumi.
Isinyathelo sesithathu sokuvimbela ukuvikela ingane yesifo sikashukela ezimweni ezicindezelayo kanye nakumava.Ukuqina kwesizinda esingokomzwelo isinyathelo sokubuyisa lesi sifo. Futhi-ke, ungakhohlwa ngokubonisana nodokotela okujwayelekile.
Lapho kunezimpawu ezethusayo, i-endocrinologist izosiza ukubhekana nalesi simo futhi ikutshele uhlelo oluzosebenza.
Amavidiyo ahlobene
Mayelana nezimpawu zesifo sikashukela ezinganeni ezikwividiyo:
