Ukutholwa kwesifo sikashukela ezinganeni: izibonakaliso zokuqala nezimpawu

Isifo sikashukela ezinshukela ezinganeni ukugula okungathi sína okuvela ngenxa yefa elibi, ukucindezela okukhulu, kanye nokutheleleka.

Izingane ezithola lesi sifo zisencane zihlupheka kakhulu ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, esibonakaliswa ukuxhomekeka kwe-insulin kanye nethuba eliphezulu lokuqalwa kwe-hyperglycemic coma.

Esikhathini esiningi, abazali abaze basole nokuthi izinguquko ezisongela impilo zivele zigcwele emzimbeni wengane yabo. Ubunzima bokuxilongwa kulele lokuthi ingane ayikwazi ukunikeza incazelo ephelele yemizwa yakhe.

Ngakho-ke, ukuba khona kwesifo sikashukela kuvame ukutholakala lapho izinga likashukela egazini lifinyelela iphuzu elibucayi, futhi ingane iwele enkingeni. Ukuze uvikele ukuthuthuka okunjalo kwezigameko, wonke umzali kufanele azi ngezimpawu zokuqala zalesi sifo.

Izimbangela kanye nendlela yokukhula kwalesi sifo ezinganeni

Kuze kube sekupheleni, izimbangela zokuthuthuka kwalesi sifo azifundwanga. Ngaphambi kokuqala kwenkambiso yezinqubo ezingathi sína, ingane inenkathi ye-latent (i-latent), lapho ingane ivame ukuvakashela indlu yangasese futhi izizwe yomile kakhulu.

Inkinga ivela ekuphazamisweni kwe-immunological, ifa le-virology:

• ukutheleleka ngegciwane. URubella, umumbu, inkukhu, kanye ne-hepatitis yegciwane kungabhubhisa amaseli e-pancreatic akhiqiza i-insulin. Ushintsho olunjalo lungenzeka kuphela uma ingane inengqobelo yofuzo;
• ifa. Uma umama, ubaba, udadewabo noma umfowethu enesifo sikashukela, khona-ke amathuba esifo angama-25%. Kodwa-ke, lesi simo sezinto asiqinisekisi ukukhula kwesibopho kwalesi sifo;
• ukudla ngokweqile. Ukudlula ngokweqile kanye nokuqongelelwa kwamafutha amaningi kukhulisa amathuba okuthola lesi sifo.

Izici zenkambiso yezinqubo ezonakalisayo nezimpawu kuzoncika ohlotsheni lwesifo sikashukela esenzeka enganeni:

• ohlotsheni 1 sikashukela, amaseli we-pancreatic beta akhiqiza i-insulin ayabhujiswa. Ngokuphikisana nesizinda sezinqubo ezibhubhisayo, ukuvela kwe-ketoacidosis (ubuthi be-acetone) ne-hyperglycemia kungenzeka;
• ngohlobo 2 sikashukela, amaseli ezitho zomzimba wesiguli alahlekelwa ukuzwela kwawo ku-inulin, ngenxa yalokho inani lakhona lanqwabelana emzimbeni. Kodwa-ke, ngosizo lwayo, i-glucose ayikwazi ukucutshungulwa. Njengomthetho, iziguli ezikhuluphele ziyahlupheka ngaleli fomu. Ukungaxineki kwe-insulin kungancipha uma ukwehla kwesisindo kwenzeka. Le ndlela yesifo sikashukela iba kancane kancane, ngakho-ke akwenzeki ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthola isifo.

Izimpawu zokuqala zesifo sikashukela ezinganeni

Ngakho-ke, abazali kudingeka baqaphele uma ingane inezimpawu ezilandelayo isikhathi eside:

1. ukulamba okungapheli kanye nokunciphisa umzimba. Umzimba wesiguli onesifo sikashukela ulahlekelwa amandla okufaka ukudla kahle, ngakho-ke awugcwali, ngenxa yalokho ingane ihlangabezana nomuzwa ongapheli wendlala. Kepha ukusabela okuphambene nakho kungabonakala lapho isifiso sokuwa siwela (lokhu kubonakaliswa kukhombisa i-ketoacidosis eyingozi, okusongela impilo). Kulokhu, ingane ine kwesisindo esinamandla. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umzimba uphelelwa amandla okubamba ushukela, okuwumthombo wamandla obalulekile. Ngalesi sizathu, uqala “ukudla” izinsalela zakhe ezinonile kanye nezicubu zomzimba. Ngenxa yalokho, ingane isheshe inciphise isisindo futhi ibe buthaka;
2. Passivity kanye nobuthakathaka. Izingane ezinesifo sikashukela zivame ukukhononda ngemizwa enjalo. Ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-insulin, umzimba wengane awukwazi ukucubungula ushukela bese usiguqula amandla. Ngenxa yalokhu, izitho zangaphakathi nazo zizizwa zishoda “ngophethiloli” futhi zitshela ubuchopho ukuthi “zikhathele”. Umphumela wokubonakaliswa okunjalo ukukhathala okungapheli;
3. ukunciphisa kwe-acuity. Izinqubo zesifo sikashukela zibangela ukuphuma komzimba kwezicubu, kufaka phakathi ilensi yeso. Umphumela uba inkungu emehlweni kanye nokunye ukuphazamiseka okubukwayo, ezinganakwa yizingane ezincane, ngoba okwamanje azikwazi ukwahlukanisa umbono omuhle kokubi;
4. isikhumba esomile namanxeba avamile. Ukuphelelwa ngamandla kwezicubu, kanye nokujikeleza kwegazi okungekuhle kufaka isandla ekwakheni ukoma okungapheli kwesikhumba nokubukeka ebusweni bendawo yamanxeba angapholi ngendlela yesikhumba, ubomvu nokuqhuma kwegwala;
5. umuzwa wokoma nokuchama ngokushesha. Ukuze "unciphise" ushukela, ukucubungula nokusebenza kwalo okulandelayo, umzimba udinga amanzi, aqala ukuwuthatha emangqamuzaneni. Ngakho-ke, ingane ihlala yomile. Isiguli singakwazi ukuthola amanzi amaningi hhayi nje kuphela amanzi ajwayelekile, kodwa neziphuzo ezinoshukela, itiye, ujusi kanye nanoma yikuphi okunye uketshezi. Futhi njengoba isilinganiso soketshezi esisetshenzisiwe sikhuphuka, isidingo sengane yokuvakashela indlu yangasese sizokwanda. Izingane ezinjalo zingacelwa ukuba ziye endlini yangasese kaningana ngosuku phakathi namakilasi futhi zivame ukuvuka ngenxa yokuchama ebusuku. Kwezinye izimo, izingane azinaso isikhathi sokufika endlini encane, ngakho-ke amashidi amanzi atholakala ngemuva kokulala ebusuku nawo ayimpawu ezethusayo;
6. iphunga lomlomo. Iphunga le-acetone libonisa ukuqala kwenqubo esongela impilo - isifo sikashukela sikashukela. Sikhuluma ngokufaka ubuthi be-acetone, ngenxa yokuthi ingane ingahle ihluleke futhi ife ngesikhathi esifushane esifanele;
7. ezinye izimpawu. Futhi, ukulunywa kwesikhumba, ukumiswa kwesitho sangasese okuvela ngemuva kokuchama, ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo zokukhunta (amantombazane kungahlakulela i-candidiasis), ukubonakala kokuqhuma kwe-diaper endaweni ye-inguinal zone nokunye kungabonisa nokuba khona kwesifo sikashukela.

Uma uthola uphawu olulodwa noma ngaphezulu enganeni yakho engahambi isikhathi eside, kufanele uthintane nodokotela ngokushesha futhi uhlolwe ngokuphelele ukuze ube nesifo sikashukela.

Izimpawu zemitholampilo zesifo sikashukela ezinsaneni

Ukuxilongwa kwesifo sikashukela ezinsaneni kuyinkinga enkulu kunazo zonke, ngoba ingane okwamanje ayazi ukuthi kanjani, futhi ngenxa yalokho ayikwazi ukutshela abazali ngemizwa yabo.

Ngenxa yempilo engeyinhle, ingane iba izinyembezi, i-moody, icishe ingalali.

Kodwa-ke, abazali bavame ukuthi le ndlela i-colic yamathumbu futhi abasheshi ukubonana nodokotela. Ngenxa yalokhu, lesi sifo sitholwa ngokungahleliwe ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okujwayelekile noma ngesikhathi lapho izinga likashukela likhuphuka lifinyelela kumaka omkhulu kakhulu futhi ingane iwela ukhubazekile (ngokwesilinganiso, lokhu kwenzeka phakathi kweminyaka eyisishiyagalombili nayi-12 izinyanga).

Ubufakazi obuqondile bezingane ezinesifo sikashukela yilezi:

• umuzwa ongapheli wendlala (crumb idinga ukondliwa, noma ngabe usanda kudla);
• ingane ivame ukuchama;
• isisindo sokuma kwesisindo;
• ubuqili;
• ukunamathela komchamo kokuthintwayo (futhi insimu yokuwomile kwidayari ihlala ingumbala omhlophe);
• ukuvela kokuqhuma kwe-diaper nokucasuka okukhulu endaweni ye-inguinal;
• ukuba khona kwe-dermatitis edlula isikhathi eside;
• ukoma kwesikhumba.

Yini okufanele uyenze futhi yimuphi udokotela ongamthinta uma usola isifo sikashukela?

Uma kwenzeka uthola ukuthi unexhala, yiya emtholampilo uyobona udokotela futhi utshele udokotela wezingane ngezinsolo zakho. Uma kukhona abantu abanesifo sikashukela emndenini, kungakuhle ukuthi basebenzise imichilo yabo ye-glucometer noma yomchamo ukuze wethule ngokushesha umphumela wokuhlolwa kwasekhaya kudokotela.

Kunoma yikuphi, udokotela uzokunikeza ukuthi udlule:

• ushukela wegazi;
• umchamo weshukela ne-acetone;
• i-glycated hemoglobin evela emunweni.

Ungacelwa ukuba uthathe izivivinyo ngosuku olufanayo, ngaphandle kokulinda ukusa.

Uma ukuba khona kwalesi sifo kuqinisekisiwe, cishe uyothunyelwa esibhedlela esikhethekile esibhedlela sezingane. Esimweni esinjalo, kufanele uvume ukungena esibhedlela. Ukubambezeleka ngeke kwamukeleke.

Ukuxilongwa nokuxilongwa

Ubufakazi bokuthi izinqubo zesifo sikashukela zigcwele emzimbeni wengane kungaba uvivinyo olulandelayo lwelebhu:

• ukushesha kwe-glycemia ingaphansi kuka-6.7 mmol / l;
• ushukela esiswini esingenalutho ungaphezu kuka-6.7 mmol / l.

Imiphumela yokulayisha yokulayisha ye-glucose nayo izobaluleka. Ukuphambuka kuzofakazelwa ukuzila kwe-glycemia indices okungaphansi kuka-6.7 mmol / L, phakathi kwamaminithi angama-30 kuye kwangama-90 inkomba izolingana noma idlule ngo-11.1 mmol / L, kuthi ngemuva kwamahora ama-2 izoba phakathi kuka-7.8 no-11.1 mmol / L .

Amavidiyo ahlobene

Izimpawu zokuqala zikashukela enganeni kuvidiyo:

Njengoba usuthole izimpawu zesifo sikashukela enganeni yakho, akufanele uchithe isikhathi ulinde ukujwayela inhlala-kahle yakho. Iya kudokotela ngokushesha uyohlolwa. Uma uthatha ukulawula isimo ngesikhathi, awukwazi ukunciphisa izimpawu kuphela, kodwa futhi wandise impilo yengane yakho.