Isifo sikashukela kubantu besifazane: izimpawu, izindlela zokuxilonga kanye nemigomo yokwelashwa

Isifo sikashukela i-insipidus noma ukuchama imvelaphi engeyona ushukela siyisifo lapho kukhona, ngenxa yokushoda okuyi-vasopressin (ihomoni ethile yokuphikisana), ukoma okungabekezeleleki kuyaphawulwa, kanti nezitho zohlelo lwe-excretory zisebenza ngemodi ethuthukisiwe.

Ngenxa yalokhu, inani elihlaba umxhwele lomchamo ogxile ngaphakathi lakhiwa izinso.

Lesi sifo esingajwayelekile ngokujwayelekile sitholakala ngendlela efanayo kwabesifazane nabesilisa. Kuyatholakala nasezinganeni.

Kubalulekile ukubhekisisa ukuthi abantu abancane nabancane abaphakathi kweminyaka eyishumi nesishiyagalombili kuya kwengamashumi amabili nanhlanu bathambekele kakhulu kuyo. Emininingwane engezansi, ungazijwayeza izinhlobo, izimbangela nezimpawu zesifo sikashukela kubantu besifazane.

Izimbangela zokwenzeka

Ngokuya ngokuthi hlobo luphi lwesifo sikashukela abangaholela kulo, bahlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili ezibalulekile zezimbangela ze-pathology:

1. izimbangela zesifo sikashukela esimaphakathi. Kwenzeka ngenxa yomonakalo ezakhiweni zobuchopho bomuntu. Okusemqoka kufaka phakathi: ama-pituitary noma ama-hypothalamic tumors, izinkinga ezinkulu ngemuva kokuhlinzwa okwenziwe ebuchosheni kanye ne-syphilis. Imvamisa, lesi sifo sivele ngemuva kwenkambo yezifo ezithathelanayo, izifo ezithinta izifo zokuphefumula kanye nomkhuhlane oshisayo. Isifo sikashukela i-insipidus singenzeka ngemuva kwe-encephalitis (ukuvuvukala kolwelwesi lobuchopho). Ngisho nentuthuko yayo ithinteka ekulimaleni kwekhanda, ukwephula kokuhlinzekwa kwegazi kuyiwa kwi-hypothalamus noma i-pituitary gland, metastases yamathumba amabi ebuchosheni, okuthinta ukusebenza kwawo. Kwezinye izimo ezingavamile, lesi sifo singazalwa;
2. izici ezithinta ukubonakala kwesifo sikashukela se-renal. Lokhu kufaka: isifo sokuzala; lesi sifo senzeka ngenxa yezifo ezithile noma ukuba khona kwezimo ezithile, lapho kukhona khona ukulimala okukhulu kwento yobuchopho yesitho sohlelo lokuchama; i-sickle cell anemia; ama-cysts amaningi; i-renal amyloidosis; ukwehluleka okungapheli kwezinso; ukwanda kokuhlushwa kwe-potasium; ukuncipha kwe-calcium egazini; ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezithile ezinomphumela olimazayo kwizitho zohlelo lwe-excretory (zifaka uLi, Amphotericin B, Demeclocilin); lesi sifo sivele ngokuguga.

Isifo sikashukela nezimpawu zaso kubantu besifazane

Naphezu kwesibalo esihlaba umxhwele sezizathu eziholela kwisifo sikashukela i-mellitus yemvelaphi engeyona ushukela, izimpawu zesifo cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi ziyefana kuzo zonke izinhlobo ezihlukile zesifundo saso.

Kodwa-ke, noma kunjalo, ubukhulu bokubonakaliswa kwalesi sifo ngokuqondile buxhomeke kulezo zinto:

1. ukuthambekela kwe-vasopressin kusuka kuma-receptors ama-tubules we-nephrons;
2. ukuntuleka kwesigaba kwe-antidiuretic hormone noma ukungabikho kwayo ngokuphelele.

Kubalulekile ukunaka iqiniso lokuthi ukuqala kokugula kuhlala kungalindelekile. Kepha, noma kunjalo, ingakhula kancane.

Isibonakaliso esiphazamisa kakhulu sezinkinga zomzimba ukomela okuqinile futhi okungenakuqedwa. Ibizwa nge- polydipsia.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuntu uhlushwa yisifiso sokuchama (i-polyuria) njalo. Lokhu kubangela ukukhathazeka okuthile futhi kuphazamise ukulala. Ngosuku olulodwa, cishe amalitha amathathu kuya kwayishumi nanhlanu komchamo ungadedelwa esigulini.

Kwezinye izimo ezethusayo ikakhulukazi, inani lomchamo wansuku zonke lingafinyelela kumalitha angamashumi amabili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuntu uyaqhubeka nokuzwa ukoma okukhulu.

Kamuva, njengoba lesi sifo siqhubeka, ezinye, izimpawu ezintsha zokugula ziyavela:

1. ukomisa, isikhumba esomile nolwelwesi lwama-mucous. Kancane kancane, isisindo somzimba siyancipha;
2. ngenxa yokusetshenziswa njalo kwezingxenye ezinkulu zamanzi, isisu sikhuphuka ngosayizi, futhi ngesinye isikhathi size ngisho namaconsi;
3. ngenxa yokukhishwa komchamo ngobukhulu obukhulu, isinye futhi siyelula;
4. njengoba kungekho manzi owanele emzimbeni, ukujuluka kuyancishiswa;
5. isigqi sokushaya kwenhliziyo siba njalo;
6. ngenxa yokushoda kwamanzi emzimbeni, kukhona ukwephulwa okukhulu kokukhiqizwa kwama-enzymes akhethekile wokugaya ukudla, adingekayo ekusebenzeni okujwayelekile kwesisu namathumbu. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi isifiso sokudla sesiguli sincishisiwe kakhulu, i-gastritis noma i-colitis ivela, futhi ukuthambekela kokuqunjelwa nakho kuyalandelwa;
7. imvamisa iziguli ziphawula ukwehla komfutho wegazi;
8. Izimpawu ezingenampilo ezinjenge-nausea nokuhlanza zivame ukubonwa;
9. isiguli sizwa ukukhathala okukhulu, ukuqina nokuxineka;
10. izinga lokushisa lomzimba lowesifazane lingavuka;
11. ukuqubuka komchamo (i-enuresis) kwesinye isikhathi kuyaphawulwa.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukoma nokuchama ngokweqile kuyaqhubeka ebusuku. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuntu unenkinga enkulu yengqondo nengokomzwelo.

Lokhu kufaka ukuqwasha, ikhanda, ukuthinteka ngokomzwelo, ukuqina kwengqondo, ukungaxakwa, ulaka, kanye nokwehla komsebenzi wezengqondo.

Lezi yizimpawu eziphakeme zesifo sikashukela ezimeni ezivame kakhulu. Kepha, kufanelekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukubonakaliswa kwalesi sifo kungahluka kancane phakathi kwabamele ubulili obuhlukile.

Njengoba kule ndatshana sibheka izinkomba zesifo sikashukela ocansini olungile, kufanele unake ukuthi lesi sifo siyaqhubeka nezimpawu ezijwayelekile. Kepha, abesifazane bavame ukuba nokungahambi kahle kokuya esikhathini, ukuzala kubonakala, kepha ukuzala kwengane kuphelela ekuphuthweni kwesisu.

Izimpawu zefomu le-neurogenic

Isibonakaliso sokuqala nesibalulekile salolu hlobo lwalesi sifo ukwanda okubukhali ekukhiqizeni umchamo.

Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, le nto kancane kancane incishiswa.

Bese kuthi futhi, ngemuva kwesonto, ukuchama ngamanani amaningi okubuyela kubuyela esigulini. Kepha ekuqaleni kwesigaba sokugcina, isiguli sine-polyuria njalo.

Izimpawu zefomu lezinso

Inani lansuku zonke lomchamo likhuphuka kaninginingi.

Ukuxilonga kanye nenqubo yokuxilonga

Ngemuva kokwenza ukuhlolwa okufanele, ukuxoxisana nesiguli, ukuba khona noma ukungabikho kokulimala ekhanda kanye nogebhezi, kanye nokucacisa izici zokuphambuka kwezakhi zofuzo, kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kokuncishwa kwamanzi.

Omunye udokotela unquma izinga le-hormone okukhulunywa ngalo. Ngemuva kwalokhu, kwenziwa izifundo eziningi ezingeziwe.

Isibonelo, ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-glucose kwenziwa, ukuqoqwa kwama-electrolyte, i-serum creatinine, nokunye okunqunywa.

Ukwelashwa

Isinyathelo sokuqala, uma kungenzeka, siyasuswa imbangela yempilo engeyinhle. Okulandelayo, kunikezwa izidakamizwa ezikhethekile, kuya ngohlobo lwesifo sikashukela.

Izindlela zokubamba

Toizindlela zokwelapha ziyahlukahluka kuya ngohlobo lwesifo sikashukela:

1. Ukuqedwa kwesifo sikashukela esimaphakathi. Welashwa ngemithi ekhethekile. Ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa iMinirin;
2. ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela sezinso. Faka imishanguzo efana ne-hydrochlorothiazide, indapamide, triampur.

Ukwelashwa kokudla

Into ebaluleke kakhulu kule nqubo ukufezekisa ukuncishiswa ekukhiqizeni umchamo ngamanani ahehayo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunciphisa umkhawulo wokudla usawoti.

Kuhle ukudla izithelo ezomisiwe ngoba zicebile nge-potassium. Futhi le nto, njengoba wazi, ithuthukisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-vasopressin ye-endo native (yangaphakathi).

Phakathi kokunye, kuyadingeka futhi ukulahla ukusetshenziswa kwazo zonke izinhlobo zamaswidi, okwandisa ukoma kuphela. Kubalulekile ukwenqaba ukuphuza utshwala.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi i-phosphorus ingena emzimbeni ngesilinganiso esanele. Le nto yokulandela umkhondo iyadingeka ekusebenzeni okujwayelekile kobuchopho.

Amakhambi esintu

Shiya le ngxube ubusuku bonke. Ekuseni udinga ukulandela umkhondo.

Thatha lesi decoction ingxenye yesibili yengilazi kathathu ngosuku. Ukuze uthuthukise ukondliwa kwezakhiwo zamaselula obuchopho, kufanele udle isipuni sikafulawa wethanga ngosuku. Kuyaziwa ukuceba nge-glutamic acid.

Ukuze uthuthukise ukulala, udinga ukuthatha izimpande ze-valerian ezihlwabushiwe, izigaxa ze-hop, utshani be-mamawort, i-dogrose, iminti bese uyixube ngokuphelele. Ukusuka kulokhu kuhlanganiswa, udinga ukuthatha isipuni esisodwa sezinto ezingavuthiwe bese usithululela ngengilazi yamanzi abilayo. Kuyadingeka ukuvumela ukumnika ukuthi kupholile, emva kwalokho kuveziwe. Kuyadingeka ukuthatha ingxenye yesithathu yengilazi ebusuku.

Amavidiyo ahlobene

Mayelana nezimpawu, ukwelashwa, kanye nokuxilongwa kwesifo sikashukela kuvidiyo:

Uma ungalandeli yonke izeluleko zochwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe futhi ubeke umkhawulo ngokuphelele ekuthweni kwanoma yiluphi uketshezi, lapho-ke ungathola izimpawu ezingemnandi nezinobungozi njengokushiswa ngamandla, ukuqubuka, ukuhlangana okungahambi kahle kokunyakaza, kanye nokwenyuka kokushisa komzimba.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlolwa, ngesisekelo lapho udokotela ezonikeza khona ukwelashwa okuyikho futhi okufanele. Kufanele aqukethe ukuthatha imishanguzo ethile, ukudla okhethekile, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinye izindlela zokupheka zemithi. Indlela ehlanganisiwe kuphela ezosiza ngokuphelele ukuqeda ukubonakaliswa kwalesi sifo esingathandeki futhi esiyingozi.