Yini i-angiopathy yesifo sikashukela: izici zobungozi, izimbangela nezimpawu

Isifo sikashukela i-angiopathy siyinkimbinkimbi yesifo sikashukela, esizibonakalisa ngesimo sokulimala kwemithambo yonke emzimbeni womuntu.

Njengomthetho, izinhlobo ezimbili zalesi sifo ziyahlukaniswa: i-microangiopathy (ukulimala kwemikhumbi emincane, ngokuyinhloko ama-capillaries), kanye ne-macroangiopathy (ukulimala okukhulu emikhunjini emikhulu - imithambo yemithambo nemithambo).

Imvamisa, lesi sifo siqala ngenkambo ende yesifo se-endocrine enjengesifo sikashukela sanoma yiluphi uhlobo. Ngaphansi kwethonya lamazinga aphezulu kashukela wegazi, odlula emithanjeni, izindonga zemithambo yemithambo, imithambo kanye nama-capillaries kancane kancane zichithwa.

Kwezinye izindawo, kuncipha kakhulu futhi kukhubazeka, kuyilapho kwezinye, kunalokho, kuqina, kuphazamisa ukuhamba kwegazi okujwayelekile kanye nokugaya umzimba phakathi kwezakhi zezicubu. Kungenxa yalokhu lapho kutholwa khona i-hypoxia (indlala yomoya-mpilo) yezicubu ezizungezile.

Ngakho-ke, ezinye izitho eziningi zomuntu ziyathinteka. Lo mbhalo unikeza imininingwane eningilizayo ngesifo esinjengesifo sikashukela.

Izici ze-angiopathy kushukela

Njengoba abantu abaningi bazi, i-endocrine disorder efana nesifo sikashukela ifaka uchungechunge lwezifo ze-hormonal-metabolic, ezibhekwa njengesizathu esibi sokuthuthuka okwalandela kwe-angiopathy yesifo sikashukela. Kodwa-ke, kude nazo zonke iziguli ezine-carbohydrate metabolism ephazamisekile zikhononda kodokotela bazo ngokubonakala kwezimpawu ezethusayo zesifo.

Njengomthetho, izinkomba zesifo zincike ngqo kwimvelaphi ye-hormonal yomuntu. Elinye iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu ifa. Kuze kube manje, ososayensi okwamanje abakwazi ukusho kahle ukuthi iziphi izakhi zofuzo ezivusa lesi sifo okukhulunywa ngaso. Kepha sekuyaziwa ngokuqinisekile ukuthi umphumela walesi simo uhluke ngokuyisisekelo ezigulini zohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sokuqala nesesibili.

Kuyaziwa futhi ukuthi abantu abahlushwa umfutho wegazi ophakeme, kanye nalabo abanemilutha (ikakhulukazi, ukubhema, kanye nokusebenzisa kabi utshwala) bathambekele ekuthuthukiseni izifo ezifana ne-angiopathy yesifo sikashukela. Noma ukulesi sigaba, ungazihlukanisa lezo ziguli ezisebenza emabhizinisini anezingozi zomsebenzi.

Ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo, ukusebenza kahle kwezinso kuncipha kakhulu, futhi futhi nokunyuka komfutho wegazi kuyabonakala.

Imvamisa kuba ne-proteinuria (lapho kutholakala amanye ama-protein aphezulu esisindo samangqamuzana omchamo wesiguli).

Kunzima kakhulu ukwahlukanisa isifo kwabanye abantu. Ngokuyisisekelo, ukwenza lokhu, udinga ukuqhuba i-biopsy ekhethekile ye-punop.

Izici zobungozi

Izici zobungozi zibandakanya okulandelayo:

1. ushukela ophakeme we-serum. Okwamanje, kukholelwa ukuthi lapho inkomba enkulu yento ethile inikezwa, kuba nzima ngokwengeziwe lesi sifo;
2. ukuba khona kwesisindo ngokweqile;
3. ukubhema Bambalwa abantu abazi ukuthi ama-nicotine vapors anendawo ethile yokubeka okuthiwa ama-atherosclerotic plaque odongeni lwemithambo yegazi, ngoba, kungekudala, imithambo emincane, ama-capillaries, izoncipha kakhulu;
4. umfutho wegazi ophakeme. Lesi sifo sinomphumela omubi ekujikelezeni kwegazi, okuholela ku-angiopathy yemithambo yegazi;
5. isikhathi sikashukela esigulini. Kuyaziwa ukuthi lesi sifo okukhulunywa ngaso ngqo sincike ekugxileni okukhulu kwe-glucose egazini. Kungakho isiphetho silandela kulokhu: ukuthi isikhathi eside isiguli se-endocrinologist sinezinkinga zesifo sikashukela, okuphezulu kuzoba yingozi yokuthola ukulimala okukhulu emithanjeni yegazi;
6. ukuphakama kwegazi. Kuyaziwa ukuthi kunomthelela omubi kakhulu emikhunjini yabantu;
7. ukuntuleka noma ukuntuleka kokuzivocavoca umzimba emikhawulweni ephansi. Lokhu kwandisa kakhulu lesi sifo.

Izitho eziqondiwe

Ukubikezela ukwenzeka kokugula okukhulunywa ngakho kunzima kakhulu. I-Angiopathy yemikhawulo engezansi ibhekwa kaningi, ngoba ngesifo se-endocrine esibizwa ngokuthi yi-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, sithwalwa umthwalo omkhulu. Kepha imithambo ye-vascular, arterial, capillary nezilonda kungenzeka.

Izitho eziqondiwe ezihlaselwa kakhulu i-angiopathy zikhonjwa:

• izicubu zenhliziyo;
• ubuchopho;
• izitho zohlelo lokubonwa;
• izitho zohlelo lwe-excretory (izinso);
• amaphaphu.

Izimbangela nezimpawu

Ngokuqondene nezimbangela zokubukeka, phakathi nesifo sikashukela i-mellitus, ngenxa yokugcwala okukhulu kwe-glucose egazini, imithambo yegazi iyachithwa. Phakathi kokukhulu, imithambo nemithambo emilenzeni kuvame ukuthinteka. Lesi sifo sithinta nenhliziyo.

Isifo sikashukela se-Microangiopathy semikhawulo ephansi

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngasikhathi sinye, umthwalo omkhulu ufakwa kuzo zonke izingxenye zomzimba, ngenxa yalesi sizathu, inqubo yokushintsha imithambo yegazi ishesha kakhulu. Phakathi kwama-microangiopathies, ukulimala kwe-fundus kuvame ukutholakala (i-retinopathy).

Le nkinga ibhekwa ngokuhlukile. Ngokuqondene nezimpawu zesifo, ku-angiopathy yesifo sikashukela zincike ngosayizi wemithambo yegazi kanye nasezingeni lelesion.

Kuze kube manje, i-microangiopathy ihlukaniswe ngamadigri ayisithupha aphambili:

1. degree zero. Isiguli asenzi izikhalazo, kepha ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okujwayelekile, udokotela uthola izinguquko zokuqala kumthamo wokusebenza nesimo semithambo yegazi;
2. degree yokuqala. Isikhumba semikhawulo engezansi sinombala onsundu, ocishe abe mhlophe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imilenze ibanda kakhulu lapho uthintwa. Ngokuhlolwa okuningiliziwe, ungathola izilonda ezincane ebusweni besikhumba ezingenakho ukuvuvukala futhi ezingalimazi;
3. degree yesibili. Kancane kancane, izilonda ziya zijula ​​futhi zibonakale. Azithinti kuphela izicubu zomzimba, kepha izakhiwo zamathambo. Isiguli sikhononda ngobuhlungu;
4. degree yesithathu. Emaphethelweni nangaphansi kwesilonda sinezindawo ze-necrosis (ukufa kweseli) ngendlela yokubonakala okumnyama, futhi kwesinye isikhathi kube nezicucu ezimnyama. Ukuvela okukhulu kwale ndawo kuyavela, kanye nokunciphisa kabusha kwezicubu. Kungenzeka ukubonakala kwe-osteomyelitis (ukuvuvukala kwezicubu zamathambo kanye nomongo wamathambo), amathumba kanye ne-phlegmon (izifo ezihlanzekile zesikhumba nezingqimba ezingaphansi);
5. degree yesine. I-Necrosis yezakhi zezicubu ifinyelela ngaphezu kwesilonda (ngokwesibonelo, ku-phalanx, umunwe, noma ngisho nokuqala konyawo);
6. degree yesihlanu. Ukufa kwezicubu kuthatha cishe lonke unyawo. Kulesi simo, ukunqunywa kwengalo kuyinto engenakugwemeka.

Ngokuqondene nezigaba zentuthuko, ukugula kuhlukaniswe okulandelayo:

1. Isigaba sokuqala. Isiguli sikhathazekile ngezimpawu ezinjengokukhathala okuphezulu emaphethelweni aphansi, ukuqina komzimba ngesikhathi sokunyakaza kokuqala ngemuva kokuvuka, ukuzuma kwezinzwane, kanye nokuqina okukhulu kwamapuleti ezipikili;
2. 2 isigaba. Isiguli sizwa ukushuba kwezinyawo, futhi imilenze yakhe iqhwa ngisho nokushisa kwehlobo. Isikhumba semikhawulo engezansi siphaphathekile kakhulu. I-Hyperhidrosis yezinyawo ilandelwa. Ukuchayeka okungaphakathi kuqashelwa ngezikhathi ezingasho lutho;
3. 2 b isigaba. Izikhalazo zomuntu ziyefana;
4. 3 isigaba. Ezibonakalweni zesifo esedlule, kufakwa izinhlungu endaweni yemilenze. Njengomthetho, bakhuphuka ngokunembile ngokuqondile ebusuku. Imvamisa isiguli sibona iminyakazo emilenzeni. Isikhumba semilenze siphaphathekile kakhulu. Esikhundleni esiphakeme, iba mhlophe ngisho. Kepha uma isikhathi eside inemilenze phansi, iminwe iba nsundu. Isikhumba ezindaweni ezithintekile ziqala ukuncibilika. ILameness ivela ebangeni elingaphansi kwama-50 m;
5. 3 b isigaba. Ubuhlungu emilenzeni buba yinto yaphakade. Imilenze ivuvukala kancane. Kungenzeka ukulandelela izilonda ezingashadile futhi eziningi nezindawo ezifayo;
6. Isigaba 4. I-Necrosis yeminwe futhi nalo lonke unyawo lwesiguli lukhona. Kuvame ukuhambisana nobuthakathaka obubonakalisiwe, kanye nokwenyuka kokubusa komzimba okushisa.

Ukuxilonga

Ukuze ekugcineni uqiniseke ukuthi umuntu uhlushwa ngempela yi-angiopathy yesifo sikashukela, ukuhlolwa kanye nokuqoqwa kwezimpawu akwanele.Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunquma ukugcwala kwe-glucose kumchamo nasegazini, kanye nokwenza ukuhlolwa okukhethekile kwesimo semithambo yegazi:

• i-angiography;
• Ukuskena kombala we-Doppler;
• ukuzimisela kwe-pulsation kanye nengcindezi endaweni yonyawo;
• ikhompyutha video capillaroscopy.

Ukwelashwa

Udokotela uzonikeza imishanguzo ekhethekile ezosiza ekulweni nalesi sifo.

Lawa ama-statins, ama-antioxidants, izidakamizwa ze-metabolic, izinciphisi zegazi, ama-angioprotectors, nama-biogenic stimulants.

Uma kunesidingo ngokuphelele, kudingeka ukunqunywa kwengalo.

Izinkinga nemiphumela

Ngokubonakala kwezinkinga ze-gangrene kanye ne-purulent-necrotic, usongo lwangempela luvela hhayi empilweni kuphela, kepha nasempilo. Ngesigaba esithuthukile salesi sifo, umuntu angahle alahlekelwe yilomlenze.

Ukuvimbela

Ukugwema izinkinga, kubalulekile ukuvimbela ukuqhubeka kwesifo sikashukela. Njengomthetho, lokhu kusebenza kwifomu lesibili lalesi sifo.

Amavidiyo ahlobene

Mayelana nezimpawu, izimbangela nokwelashwa kwe-angiopathy yesifo sikashukela kuvidiyo:

Odokotela balulekwe ukuthi banamathele kuzo zonke izincomo lapho kukhona ukugula okukhulunywa ngakho. Lokhu kuzosiza ukugwema ukunqunyelwa hhayi nje kuphela kwesikhumba, kepha nokufa. Lapho kuvela izimpawu zokuqala zalesi sifo, kubalulekile ukuthi uxhumane nesibhedlela ngokushesha ukuze uhlolwe, ukuhlolwa nokuhlolwa okukhethekile.