Isifo sikashukela yisifo esingajwayelekile lapho kukhona ukwephulwa kwebhalansi yama-electrolyte noma ibhalansi emzimbeni, ngenxa yokuthi kukhona i-polyuria - ukwanda ngokushesha, bese kuthi ukoma kuhlangane, negazi likhule. Isifo sikashukela i-mellitus ezinjeni yisifo esibi esidinga ukwelashwa okuphoqelekile.
Tindlela tekutfutfukisa
Isifo sikashukela sinokuhlukahluka okuningana kwe-pathogenetic ngesikhathi esisodwa, okunquma amanye amaqhinga okuphatha inja. Uhlobo lokuqala lwendabuko, futhi ngalo kuncipha okukhulu ekukhiqizweni nasekusithekeni kwe-antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin), ekhiqizwa kuyi-hypothalamus yobuchopho kuzo zonke izilwane ezincelisayo, kubandakanya nezinja.
Ukuhlukahluka kwe-pathogenetic yesibili kwenzeka ngenxa yomsebenzi wokuphazamiseka wezinso, futhi ibizwa ngokuthi yi-nephrogenic. Ngokuhlukahluka kwe-nephrogenic, kukhona ukwephulwa kwe-tropism kanye ne-inclceptibility ye-receptors etholakala kuma-renal tubules, asebenza ngaphansi kwethonya le-hormone ye-antidiuretic. Njengomphumela wokuphulwa kokuzwela kwe-antidiuretic hormone, ukubuyiselwa kwamanzi noma ukuvuselelwa kabusha kwayo kuvinjiwe, okudala uphawu lwe-polyuria kanye nesithombe sonke sasemtholampilo inja.
Izimpawu
Mayelana nokuphulwa kwebhalansi kasawoti wamanzi ezinjeni, kukhona ukwehla kwamandla athile omchamo kanye nobungako bawo obuhlobene. Akunandaba noma ngabe kuyindlela yokuqala noma yesibili yesifo sikashukela ezinjeni, izimpawu zesifo zihlala kanjena:
- I-Polyuria - ukwanda kwenani lomchamo okhiqizwayo nokwanda kokuchama uqobo. Lokhu kungenxa yokwehla kobunzima obuthile bomchamo nobukhulu bawo obuhlobene. Kwesinye isikhathi i-polyuria isuke ishiwo kangangokuba iholele ekungeneni komchamo ezinjeni. Abaniniyo bangabona ukuthi inja yaphenduleka ukuthula yaqala yachama endlini.
- I-Polydipsia - ukoma okuqinile kuholela futhi ekukhathazekeni okungapheli kwesilwane, umsebenzi waso uyancipha. Ungahle uqaphele ukuthi isiphuzo senja asinalutho phakathi nosuku, olungabonwanga ngaphambili.
- Ukuchama okuzenzakalelayo - kwenzeka ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwe-neuroendocrine yohlelo lwe-hypothalamic-pituitary.
Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela i-insipidus ezifuyweni, ikakhulukazi ezinjeni, zikhula ngokushesha, okukuvumela ukuthi uqaphele ushintsho ekuziphatheni kwesilwane ngesikhathi esifanele futhi wenze isikhathi sokubonana nodokotela wezilwane.
Ukuxilongwa okuyikho kungenziwa kuphela udokotela wezilwane
Ukuxilonga
Ngaphansi kwesiphetho sesifo sikashukela ezinjeni, inani elikhulu lezifo ezinesithombe somtholampilo esifanayo lingaqunjelwa. Ezivame kakhulu zifaka:
- isifo sikashukela mellitus;
- ezinye izifo zohlelo lwe-endocrine, ngokwesibonelo, i-hypercorticism, i-hyperthyroidism, i-psychogenic polydipsia;
- kusuka ohlelweni lomchamo, izifo ezingathi sína futhi eziyingozi, isibonelo, i-pyelonephritis, glomerulonephritis, zingafihlwa. Lezi zifo zingahlanganiswa yinkimbinkimbi nge-hypercalcemia kanye nokwenziwa kwe-convulsive syndrome.
Ukuxilonga empeleni kuqala ngokufunda ngokuziphatha kanye nezindlela zesilwane, eseziqede ezinye izinhlobo zezifo ezifanayo. Ukuxilongwa okuyiqiniso, izifundo ezengeziwe zezinsizakalo kanye nezinja zaselebhu ziyadingeka.
Izindlela zokucwaninga
Qiniseka ukuthi unquma ukuhlaziya okulandelayo:
Kuyini isifo sikashukela?- Ukuhlaziywa okujwayelekile komchamo - kukuvumela ukuthi uthole ukwehla kwamandla athile okuchama kanye nokuxineka kwama-metabolites, ama-ion namanye amakhambi amakhemikhali akulo.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-biochemical - ukunquma ukuqoqwa kwama-hormone we-antidiuretic.
Uma kunokusolwa kwenqubo ye-oncological eyenzeka endaweni yobuchopho, okungukuthi ohlelweni lwe-hypothalamic-pituitary, izifundo ezinikezwa zenziwa kusetshenziswa ukucubungula nge-magnetic resonance imaging kanye ne-computer tomography.
Amaqhinga okwelapha
Isilwane esinenkinga yokuphazamiseka kwe-neuroendocrine ohlelweni lwe-hypothalamic-pituitary kudingeka sibe nokufinyelela okungaphazanyiswa uketshezi ngokushesha okukhulu, ngoba i-polyuria engathí sina ingaholela ekuwohlokeni okubukhali komzimba wesilwane nokukhathala.
Zama ukuhamba isilwane sakho kaningi ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, ngoba ukubekezela nokugcwala kwe-sphincter yomchamo kungaholela ekwehleni kwe-bladder enjeni.
Izilwane ezinesifo sikashukela zidinga uketshezi oluningi
Ukwelashwa okuyisisekelo
Ngeshwa, alukho unyango lwe-pathogenetic lwalesi sifo, noma kunjalo, ukwelashwa okufakwa esikhundleni sehomoni kusetshenziswa izifaniso zokwenziwa ze-antidiuretic hormone Desmopressin kungenzeka. Umuthi uyifomu lomthamo ngendlela yamaconsi wamehlo, afakwa kwisigaxa se-conjunctival futhi, lapho umunwa, ungena ngokushesha kokujikeleza kwe-systemic, ukhipha imiphumela yawo yokwelashwa. Futhi, umuthi ungalawulwa ngaphandle kokuzenzela, udale idepho elincane lomuthi endaweni yamafutha angaphansi. Inqubo empeleni akubangeli ukungathandeki esilwaneni, esenza lula ukwelashwa. Kubalulekile ukunaka iqiniso lokuthi ukweqisa ngokweqile kwe-Desmopressin kungaholela ekudakweni kwamanzi okwenja okulandelayo.
Ukwelashwa Kwesibili
Ukwelashwa kwefomu lesibili kuhlukile ekwelashweni okuchazwe ngenhla, ngoba i-pathogenesis ingemvelo ehluke ngokuphelele. Ngendlela ye-nephrogenic yesifo sikashukela i-insipidus, ukwelashwa kwenziwa kusetshenziswa umuthi i-Chlorothiazide (Giabinez).
Isimo sezulu
Ukwelashwa kwe-insipidus yesifo sikashukela akuyona into edabukisayo, kepha kukuvumela kuphela ukuthi ulondoloze isimo sokuphila kwesilwane esifuywayo. I-prognosis yalesi sifo ayihambelani kahle, noma kunjalo, ukwelashwa okusetshenziswa kokusebenzisa ukwelashwa kwe-hormone ezinjeni kuvumela ukugcina lesi sifo sisesimweni esilinganiselwe isikhathi eside. Ngomonakalo ophakathi kwe-pituitary gland, kuphela ukwelashwa okubuyiselwa emuva okwenziwayo ukuvuselela nokugcina ibhalansi yama-electrolyte.
