I-insulin ye-hormone iyadingeka ekuqhekekeni okujwayelekile kwe-glucose, kepha, ngaphezu kwalokho, ihlanganyela emgudwini wamaprotheni nokwakhiwa kwama-acid acid. Imvamisa, ifikelwa isamba ngamanani anele, kepha lapho izinga lawo esegazini lincipha, lokhu kungaba yinye labadlali besifo sikashukela. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela i-pathology ngesikhathi ukuze iqale ukulwa nayo, futhi uqonde izindlela zokuvela kwayo, kanye nezindlela zokuvimbela. Izinga le-insulin elisezingeni eliphansi livame ukuhlanganiswa nezinga le-glucose ephezulu, futhi ngaphandle kokwelashwa, lesi simo singafaka engozini impilo yabantu.
Izimpawu Nokuxilongwa
Izimpawu zomtholampilo ze-insulin ephansi ngezindlela eziningi ezifanayo nokuboniswa kwe-hyperglycemia okubonakalayo. Umuntu angakhala ngezimpawu ezinjalo:
- ukuchama njalo;
- ukucwilisa isikhumba nokuluma;
- ukuphulukiswa okude kwezilonda ezincane kakhulu kanye nokukhahlela;
- ukwehla kokusebenza, ukukhathala okwandayo;
- ukuphazamiseka kokulala;
- ukungahambi kahle;
- ukoma kakhulu;
- ukujuluka ngokweqile.
Uma i-insulin incishiswa kakhulu, khona-ke isiguli singakhononda ngokuncipha okubukhali kwesisindo, naphezu kokudla inani elijwayelekile. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ushukela kuvame ukwembula ukuthi le nkomba ingaphezulu kokujwayelekile.
I-insulin ephansi enoshukela ojwayelekile akuyona uphawu lwesifo sikashukela. Ukuze kutholakale iziphazamiso ze-carbohydrate metabolism, ukuhlolwa kwelabhoratri njengokuzila ukudla okusheshayo nokuhlaziya kwe-glucose kwanele. Uma izinkomba lezi zisejwayelekile, ukuhlolwa kwe-insulin eyengeziwe akudingekile. Kungaba phansi ngenxa yezizathu zomzimba (ngokwesibonelo, lapho unikela ngegazi esiswini esingenalutho). Uma yonke eminye imiphumela yocwaningo ijwayelekile futhi isiguli singakhathazeki, lokhu akufanele kube yisizathu sokukhathazeka, yize kunjalo, ukubonisana nodokotela oyi-endocrinologist kuleli cala kuyimpoqo.
Ukuzimisela kwelabhoratri kwe-insulin egazini kungachazwa ngudokotela njengokuhlaziya okwengeziwe uma kungenzeka ukuthi kusolakala isifo sikashukela noma amanye ama-endocrine pathologies
Izimbangela zokwenzeka
Ukwehla kwe-insulin egazini kungenzeka kube umphumela wethonya lezinto ezinjalo:
Ungayinciphisa kanjani i-insulin- ukubaluleka kwendlela yokudla ephezulu ushukela ocolisisiwe;
- umsebenzi ophansi womzimba (noma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, izingcindezi ezihlasimulisa umzimba ezonakalisa impilo yomuntu ngokuphelele);
- ukwanda kokudla amakhalori, ukudla kakhulu ukudla ngokweqile;
- izinqubo zokutheleleka;
- ukucindezeleka kwengqondo-ngokomzwelo.
Ushukela uwumkhiqizo “ongenalutho” omane ukunambitheka okuhle. Ayiqukethe noma yiziphi izinto ezibalulekile emvelweni, futhi uma unikezwa ukuthi imithombo yama-carbohydrate ingaba kukudla okunempilo kakhudlwana, inani layo ekudleni kufanele lincishiswe. Ushukela ocwengekile nezitsha okuqukethwe kuzo kubangela ushintsho olukhulu emazingeni kashukela wegazi futhi kunciphise ukuzwela kwezicubu ukungena ku-insulin. Ukuhlukunyezwa kwamaswidi kuholela ekukhuluphiseni kanye nokuvela kwezinkinga ezivela ohlelweni lwe-endocrine. Ngenxa yalokhu, kunokuntuleka kwe-insulin futhi, ngenxa yalokho, kukhuphuka izinga likashukela egazini.
Isimo esifanayo singaphakama ngenxa yezici zokucindezela. Ukuqoqwa kwama-hormone egazini lomuntu ngqo kuya ngesimo sakhe semizwa. Ngokuhlasela ngokweqile kwemizwa nokukhathala okungapheli, kanye nokuntuleka kokulala, isiguli singaba nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekuhlaziyeni kutholakala ukuthi i-insulin yehliswa egazini, kepha ushukela uyakhuphuka.
Ukwelashwa
Uma kuhambisana nezinga eliphansi le-insulin isiguli sinoshukela wegazi ophakeme, singadinga imijovo engapheli yaleli hormone isebenzisa isirinji noma ipeni elikhethekile. Ngo-Type 1 sikashukela, ophoqa umzimba ukuthi ukhiqize le hormone ngokwawo ngesilinganiso esifanele, ngeshwa, akunakwenzeka. Ukufakwa ngaphansi kwemijovo ye-insulin ukuphela kwendlela yokuphuma. Kepha kanye nalokhu, kuyadingeka ukulandela ukudla okune-carb ephansi (ikakhulukazi okokuqala) futhi udle emahoreni achazwe ngokuqinile ngezingxenye ezincane.
Ukudla okune-carb ephansi kunqunyelwe iziguli ukuze zithulule ama-pancreas futhi zinikeze ithuba lokuthi okungenani likhuphule kancane umsebenzi walo wokusebenza.
Imithetho yokudla okunjalo isho ukwenqatshwa kwesikhashana kwemikhiqizo enjalo:
- amaswidi noshukela;
- izithelo
- okusanhlamvu (noma kungacoliswanga);
- isinkwa
- amajikijolo;
- pasta.
Yini abantu abangayidla ekudleni okuphansi kwe-carb? Isisekelo sokudla kufanele kube imifino emhlophe neluhlaza (ngaphandle kwamazambane kanye ne-artichoke yaseJerusalema), inyama, inhlanzi enamafutha aphansi, ushizi, amaqanda nokudla kwasolwandle. Inani elincane lebhotela livunyelwe. Ekubukeni kokuqala, kungabonakala sengathi imikhawulo enjalo iqine kakhulu, kepha udinga ukuqonda ukuthi lesi yisilinganiso sesikhashana nesidingekile sokwenza ngcono isimo esijwayelekile.
Unganciphisa ushukela wegazi ngokujova i-insulin. Kodwa ngaphandle kokudla, ukwelashwa ngeke kusebenze, futhi isiguli singaba nezinkinga zesifo
Ngaphezu kokujova kokudla kanye ne-insulin, isiguli singabekwa izidakamizwa zokuthuthukisa i-microcirculation yegazi, futhi uma kunesidingo, izidakamizwa zokuqeda i-edema nokugcina inhliziyo. Yonke imishanguzo eyengeziwe ikhethwa ngawodwana, kucatshangelwa ubudala besiguli nokuba khona kwezifo ezilinganayo. Kwesinye isikhathi udokotela angancoma isiguli ukuthi sithathe izithasiselo zokudla ezifana ne-Civilin, Medzivin neLivitsin. Lezi izidakamizwa ezisuselwa kokukhishwe kwezitshalo zokwelapha ezithuthukisa ukuhamba kwegazi, kuthulise uhlelo lwezinzwa futhi zisize umzimba ukhuphule ukuzivikela komzimba. Kodwa akuzona zonke iziguli ezizidingayo, ngakho-ke ukuzithatha ngaphandle kokuqokwa kwe-endocrinologist akunakwenzeka.
Ukuvimbela
Ukuvimbela lesi sifo kwesinye isikhathi kulula kakhulu kunokulapha. Ukushoda kwe-insulin akumdaleli umuntu izinkinga, udinga ukubheka ngokucophelela ikhwalithi nenani lokudla okudliwayo. Phakathi kwama-carbohydrate, kungcono ukunikeza ukukhetha ezinhlotsheni zazo ezihamba kancane, ezitholakala kumabele kanye nesinkwa esiphelele sokusanhlamvu. Imifino yesizini, izithelo, amantongomane namajikijolo ukudla okunempilo, okubukeka okunempilo okufanele kube yisisekelo sokudla okunempilo. Ukondliwa okufanele kufanele kube ngumkhuba, ngoba angeke kwehlise kuphela ingozi yesifo sikashukela, kodwa futhi kuthuthukise nomsebenzi wezitho eziningi nezinhlelo.
Kubalulekile ukuthi ungakhohlwa mayelana nokuzivocavoca okulinganiselayo okwenziwa nsuku zonke. Ngisho nokuhamba njalo emoyeni omusha imizuzu engama-30 kuthuthukisa uhlelo lwezinhliziyo futhi kukuvumela ukuthi ulondoloze isisindo somzimba esijwayelekile (yebo, uma umuntu engadli ngokweqile). Awukwazi ukubamba iqhaza kwezemidlalo esindayo uma eqeda futhi uholele empilweni engeyinhle. Kunokusizakala okuncane kakhulu kulowo mthwalo kunokulimaza. Ukwehla komzimba kubangela ukwehla kokungazethezeki futhi kungavusa ukwehla okukhulu kwe-insulin nokwanda koshukela wegazi.
Amazinga we-insulin ancishisiwe ayisikhathi sokubonisana nodokotela we-endocrinologist. Kungenzeka ukuthi ngokwayo akuvezi ukuba khona kwesifo, kepha lokhu kungagxilwa kuphela ngudokotela ofanelekayo ngokwesisekelo sedatha yeelebhu.
