Phakathi kwezimpawu zesifo se-endocrine pancreatic isifo, ukubonakala kweshukela emchameni kuyabonakala. Izinso zithinteka ekuphazanyisweni okukhulu kwe-metabolic. Lona kanye igama lesifo lihunyushwa lisuselwa esiGrekini ngokuthi "pass". I-Liquid ikhishwa emzimbeni kanye ne-glucose eyeqile, ibhubhisa konke okusendleleni yayo. Yini ubungozi be-glucosuria kushukela? Sibonakaliswa kanjani isibonakaliso? Iziphi izinyathelo okudingeka azithathe isiguli?
Amasu Wokulawula Isifo Sikashukela
Ukucaciswa kweshukela kumchamo elabhorethri nasezimweni zasekhaya kwenziwa kusetshenziswa imishayo yenkomba lapho kufakwa khona indawo ebucayi. Izinqubo zokwelapha ezenziwa ukuvikela ezinkingeni ezinzima nezingamahlalakhona zinikeza imininingwane ethile noma ebalulekile (ejwayelekile) ngesimo somzimba.
Imisebenzi enjalo isu lokulwa nesifo sikashukela. Kuyinto elula uma ikhodi yebha nayo isetshenziswa emapheshini enkomba ekuzimiseleni ngasikhathi sinye kwemizimba ye-ketone. Ukuba khona kwabo kungasungulwa kusetshenziswa amaphilisi wesenzo esifanayo - "Biochemical reagent". Isiguli, njengomthetho, sehlisa isisindo kakhulu, iphunga le-acetone lizwakala lisuka emlonyeni wakhe.
Uma isilinganiso se-glucose senziwa cishe ngasikhathi sinye sokulinganisa ushukela wegazi, khona-ke imiphumela etholakalayo impela iyatholakala. Umchamo wokuhlolwa okukhethekile unganqwabelana kungakapheli amahora ayi-12 noma izinsuku zonke. Ukuhlolwa okufanayo kunikeza umphumela obalulekile.
Isifo sikashukela sidinga ukwazi ngezindlela eziyisisekelo namadivayisi asetshenziswa ukulawula lesi sifo. Ochwepheshe bezokwelapha kanye neziguli bazisebenzisela ukuthola imininingwane yenhloso mayelana nemicimbi eqhubekayo emzimbeni, mayelana nesifo kanye nesigaba saso.
Izinhlobo zokulinganisa kwe-glucosuria, izinzuzo nezinzuzo zazo
Isiguli sikashukela sivame ukoma. Kukhona, ngokufanele, ukwanda kwenani lemihla ngemihla lomchamo (i-polyuria). Kulinganiselwa ukuthi ama-70% eziguli ezinesifo sikashukela "zinomkhawulo wezinso." Ushukela awutholakali kumchamo ngokuhlolwa kwelebhu ejwayelekile nge-glycemia engaphansi kwe-10.0 mmol / L.
Ukuthobela kusungulwe:
- I-0.5% glycosuria lapho ushukela wegazi uphakeme kuno-11.0 mmol / l;
- 1,0% - 12.0 mmol / L;
- I-2.0% - 13.0 mmol / L.
Uma amanani afinyelela ku-2.0% noma ngaphezulu, khona-ke kungahlulelwa ngokuqondile ngoshukela wegazi ukuthi ungaphezulu kwe-15,0 mmol / L. Lesi yisimo esiyingozi futhi singaphumela kalula esandleni.
Ukuhlaziywa komchamo, owathathwa phakathi nosuku, kukuvumela ukuthi uthole inani eliphakathi kashukela wegazi. Uma lungekho kumchamo wansuku zonke (awukho umkhondo), khona-ke isifo sikashukela sinxephezelwa ngokuphelele. Futhi emahoreni angama-24, "umkhawulo wezinso" awuzange wedlule. Ukuhlaziywa kwezingxenye ezine kuqoqwa ngezikhathi ezithile. Isibonelo, isampula yokuqala ithathwa emahoreni ayi-8 iye emahoreni ayi-14; owesibili - kusuka emahoreni ayi-14 kuya kwayi-20; owesithathu - kusuka emahoreni angama-20 kuya kwema-2; okwesine - kusuka emahoreni amabili kuya kwayi-8
Kokuhlaziywa okukodwa, ukwazi amanani nokusebenzisa imichilo yokuhlola ukuthola ushukela emchameni, isiguli singathola imininingwane mayelana nezinga le-glycemia.
Indlela enganembi futhi ekhomba kakhulu inezinzuzo eziningi:
- asikho isidingo sokubamba umunwe wakho, kwesinye isikhathi kwenzeka kabuhlungu, bese uthola iconsi legazi;
- Kulula ukuthi isiguli esibuthakathaka noma esingenangqondo sehlise inkomba ezitsheni ngomchamo kunokuthatha isilinganiso se-glucometer;
- Imichilo yokuhlola ukuthola ushukela kumchamo ishibhile kakhulu kunaleyo yedivayisi.
Abanye osomabhizinisi abanesifo sikashukela basika izinkomba zibe yimibhaxu emincane futhi bathole nezinye izinto zocwaningo. Ukuhlolwa kokuthola ushukela emchameni kungamaqhinga ngokwemvelo. Zenziwa njalo, ngenkathi ziphishekela inhloso yokuhlenga: ukunxephezela kangcono ushukela.
Indlela yokuthola ushukela womchamo usebenzisa imichilo yokuhlola ibhekwa njengeyonga kakhulu
I-Glucosometry inconywa izikhathi ezine ngosuku futhi kabili ngesonto. Uma inani likashukela lidlula 2%, khona-ke ungacacisa inani usebenzisa imitha. Indlela yokuzimisela nsuku zonke ushukela kumchamo ine -backback ebalulekile: ayinakho ukuguquguquka kokukhetha umthamo we-insulin, okusho ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukusebenzisa ukudla okuhlukahlukene.
Ukuhlaziywa komchamo wesifo sikashukelaUma kungekho i-glycosuria kanye nezimpawu ze-hypoglycemia (ngamanani aphansi), akunakwenzeka ukuthola ngokunembile ngaphandle kwedivayisi ukuthi iliphi ushukela isiguli esinalo: kububanzi ukusuka ku-4.0 kuye ku-10 mmol / L. Isiguli singathola izimpawu zokuncipha okubukhali ngemuva kwe-glycemic ngenxa yephutha le-insulin elingalungile, ukweqa ukudla, ukuhamba komzimba isikhathi eside noma okukhulu.
Kwezinye izazi zesifo sikashukela, imvamisa enomlando omude walesi sifo, ukubonakala kwezimpawu zokuxinana kakhulu kwenzeka ku-5.0-6.0 mmol / L. Ukuqina kwemilenze, ukufikelwa ngumfutho, ukubila okubandayo nobuthakathaka kuqedwa lapho kuthathwa kalula ama-carbohydrate asheshayo (uju, ujamu, muffin). Ngemuva kokuhlaselwa kwe-hypoglycemia kanye nokuqedwa kwayo, isiguli sidinga ukuqashwa okukhethekile.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-glucosuria engadingeki
Izilonda zemikhumbi emincane zingaholela emiphumeleni emibi. Izinkinga ezingapheli zezinso noma i-nephropathy yesifo sikashukela zinokwenzeka ngazo zombili izinhlobo zesifo. Izibalo zezokwelapha zinje yokuthi i-1/3 yeziguli ezinesifo sikashukela esincike ku-insulin, esineminyaka engamashumi amabili nesipiliyoni, sihlushwa ukwehluleka kwezinso.
Izimpawu ze-nephropathy zesifo sikashukela:
- ubuthakathaka, ukukhathala, ukungalali kahle, ukuphazamiseka kokungazi;
- ukuqunjelwa, ukungathandi ukudla, ukugabha;
- ukulimaza izicubu ezingaphansi.
Isitho esiyinhloko sohlelo lobuchwepheshe ukuhlunga komzimba womuntu. Izinso adsorb izinto eziyingozi ezinqwabelana kuthishu lomzimba futhi zibethele umchamo. Ngoshukela wegazi ophakeme, ushukela owedlulele nawo uyakhishwa emzimbeni. Inqubo yokuvikela yemvelo iyenzeka. Yilapho ushukela uqhamuka khona emchameni. Kodwa ukusebenza kwezinso akuyona imikhawulo. Izinto ezigcwele ezikhona ekugxilweni okuphezulu azikwazi ukushiya umzimba ngokushesha.
Kunobufakazi bokuthi ngaphezu kwe-40% yabanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 abagcina isinxephezelo esihle bayakwazi ukugwema inkathazo yezinso
Izinso zakhiwa izicubu ezigwazwe ama-capillaries amaningi. Ushukela omningi ubhubhisa imithambo yegazi emincane kakhulu. Nge-hyperglycemia ehlala isikhathi eside futhi evamile, izinso azihlangani nomsebenzi wokuhlunga. Kukhona inkinga esephuze kakhulu - i-microangiopathy. Isibonakaliso sayo sokuqala: ukubonakala komchamo wamaprotheni (i-albhamuin). Kwesinye isikhathi isifo sikashukela i-nephropathy siyinkimbinkimbi ngokuvuvukala kwezinso, ukutheleleka kwezitho zomchamo.
Esimweni esinzima, ukudakwa kwenzeka. Kukhona ubuthi bemvelo yangaphakathi yomzimba ngokweqile kwezinto eziyingozi. Kulokhu, impilo yesiguli igcinwa "kwizinso zokwenziwa". Isixhobo esiyinkimbinkimbi sesiteshi sisetshenziselwa ukuhlanza i-patity yangaphakathi yomzimba emikhiqizweni yokuphendula eqongelelwayo (dialysis). Inqubo yenziwa njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-1-2.
Ukufakelwa kwengqikithi sekwephuzile kulele ekutheni ikhula kancane futhi ayihambisani nemizwa ekhethekile. Umsebenzi wezinso weziguli ezinesifo sikashukela kufanele uhlolwe kanye ngonyaka (ukuhlolwa umchamo we-albhamuin, ukuhlolwa kweReberg, ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-urea nitrogen, i-serum creatinine).
Ukwehluleka kwangempela kwenziwa nge-diuretics, inhibitors, izidakamizwa ezilawula umfutho wegazi. Ukuvinjelwa okuyinhloko kwe-nephropathy kuyinkokhelo enhle yesifo sikashukela.
