Umzimba womuntu uyindlela elungiswe ngokufanele esebenza ngokwemithetho yayo. Isikali ngasinye esikuwo senza umsebenzi waso, sihambisana nesithombe sonke.
Noma yikuphi ukuphambuka kusuka esimweni sokuqala kungaholela ekusebenzeni kabi kohlelo lonke futhi into efana ne-glycogen nayo inemisebenzi yayo nezinkambiso zobungako.
Yini i-glycogen?
I-Glycogen ekwakhiweni kwayo kwamakhemikhali ingeyeqembu lama-carbohydrate ayinkimbinkimbi, isisekelo salo ushukela, kepha ngokungafani nesitashi, ligcinwa ezicutshini zezilwane, kufaka phakathi abantu. Indawo esemqoka lapho i-glycogen igcinwa ngabantu yisibindi, kodwa ngaphezu kwalokho, inqwabelana emisipha emathanjeni, ihlinzeka amandla ngomsebenzi wabo.
Indima enkulu edlalwa yilokho into ukuqokelelwa kwamandla ngesibopho samakhemikhali Lapho inani elikhulu lama-carbohydrate lingena emzimbeni, elingenakufinyeleleka esikhathini esizayo esiseduze, ushukela omningi ngokubamba iqhaza kwe-insulin, okuhambisa ushukela emangqamuzaneni, kuphenduka i-glycogen, egcina amandla ukuze isetshenziswe esikhathini esizayo.
Isikimu esivamile se-glucose homeostasis
Isimo esiphikisayo: lapho ama-carbohydrate enganele, ngokwesibonelo, ngesikhathi sokuzila noma ngemuva kokuzivocavoca okuningi komzimba, ngokuphambene nalokho, into iphukile futhi iguqulwa ibe ushukela, omunwa kalula ngumzimba, unikeze amandla ongeziwe ngesikhathi se-oxidation.
Izincomo zochwepheshe zikhombisa isilinganiso esincane sansuku zonke se-100 mg ye-glycogen, kepha ngokucindezela ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo okusebenzayo, kungandiswa.
Indima yento emzimbeni womuntu
Imisebenzi ye-glycogen ihluke kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwengxenye eseceleni, idlala ezinye izindima.
Isibindi
IGlycogen esibindini isiza ukugcina ushukela wegazi ojwayelekile ngokulawula ukukhishwa noma ukufakwa kweglucose okweqile kumaseli. Uma izinqolobane ziba zinkulu kakhulu, futhi umthombo wamandla uyaqhubeka ukungena egazini, uqala ukufakwa sekuvele uhlobo lwamafutha esibindini kanye namafutha angaphansi.
Umuthi uvumela ukwakheka kwama-carbohydrate ayinkimbinkimbi ukuba kwenzeke, ubamba iqhaza kumthethonqubo wawo futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ezinhlelweni ze-metabolic zomzimba.
Ukondliwa kwengqondo nezinye izitho kubangelwa kakhulu i-glycogen, ngakho-ke ukuba khona kwayo kukuvumela ukuthi wenze umsebenzi wengqondo, okunikeza inani elanele lamandla omsebenzi wobuchopho, odla cishe amaphesenti angama-70 kashukela okhiqizwe esibindini.
Imisipha
I-Glycogen nayo ibalulekile emisipha, lapho iqukethe khona inani elincane kancane. Umsebenzi wayo omkhulu lapha ukuqinisekisa ukunyakaza. Ngesikhathi sesenzo, kudliwa amandla, owakhiwa ngenxa yokuqhekeka kwe-carbohydrate kanye ne-oxidation ye-glucose, ngesikhathi sokuphumula nokungena kwezakhi zomzimba emzimbeni - ukudalwa kwama-molecule amasha.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu akusebenzi kuphela emathanjeni, kepha nakumisipha yenhliziyo, ikhwalithi yomsebenzi okuyiwona kuncike ebukhoneni be-glycogen, futhi abantu abanesisindo somzimba bahlakulela i-pathologies yemisipha yenhliziyo.
Ngokuntuleka kwezinto emisipha, ezinye izinto ziqala ukubhidlika: amafutha kanye namaprotheni. Ukuwohloka kokugcina kuyingozi ikakhulukazi, ngoba kuholela ekubhujisweni kwalesi sisekelo semisipha nokuwohloka.
Ezimweni ezinzima, umzimba uyakwazi ukuphuma kulesisimo futhi uzenzele ushukela ngokwawo ezintweni ezingelona i-carbohydrate, le nqubo ibizwa nge-glyconeogeneis.
Kodwa-ke, inani layo lomzimba lincane kakhulu, ngoba ukubhujiswa kwenzeka ngokwezimiso ezihlukile, ngaphandle kokunikeza inani lamandla adingwa ngumzimba. Ngasikhathi sinye, izinto ezisetshenziselwa zona zingasetshenziswa kwezinye izinqubo ezibalulekile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, le nto inempahla yokubopha amanzi, iqoqa nayo. Kungakho ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa kakhulu, abasubathi bajuluka kakhulu, kuhlotshaniswa namanzi e-carbohydrate.
Ividiyo yemfundo:
Iyiphi ingozi yokushoda ngokweqile kanye nokweqisa?
Ngokudla okuhle kakhulu nokuntuleka kokuzivocavoca umzimba, ibhalansi phakathi kokuqunjelwa nokuqhekeka kwamagremu e-glycogen ayaphazamiseka futhi ukugcinwa kwawo okuningi kwenzeka.
Lokhu kuholela ku:
- ukugcwala kwegazi;
- ukwephulwa esibindini;
- ukwandisa isisindo somzimba;
- ukungasebenzi kahle kwamathumbu.
I-glycogen ethe xaxa emisipha inciphisa ukusebenza kahle komsebenzi wayo futhi kancane kancane iholele ekubonakaleni kwezicubu ze-adipose. Emjahweni, i-glycogen emisipha imvamisa iqongelela okuthe xaxa kunabanye abantu, lokhu kungukuvumelana nezimo zokuqeqeshwa. Kodwa-ke, zigcina nomoya-mpilo, ozivumela ukuba zisheshe zikhulule ushukela, zikhiphe enye inqwaba yamandla.
Kwabanye abantu, ukunqwabelana kwe-glycogen eyeqile, kunalokho, kunciphisa ukusebenza kwesisindo semisipha futhi kuholela isethi yesisindo esengeziwe.
Ukuntuleka kwe-Glycogen nakho kunomthelela omubi emzimbeni. Njengoba lo ungumthombo wamandla oyinhloko, ngeke kwanele ukwenza izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zomsebenzi.
Ngenxa yalokho, umuntu:
- ubuqili, ukungakhathali kuvela;
- ukungatheleleki buthaka;
- inkumbulo iba mubi;
- ukwehla kwesisindo kwenzeka, ngenxa yesisindo semisipha;
- isimo sesikhumba nezinwele siyanda;
- ithoni yemisipha iyancipha;
- kukhona ukwehla kwamandla;
- kuvame izimo ezicindezelayo.
Ukucindezela okukhulu ngokomzimba noma kwengqondo ngokudla okunganele kungaholela kukho.
Ividiyo evela kusazi:
Ngakho-ke, i-glycogen yenza imisebenzi ebalulekile emzimbeni, ihlinzeka ngokulinganisela kwamandla, iqongelele futhi inikeze ngesikhathi esifanele. Ukungeqiwa kwayo, kanye nokushoda, kuthinta kabi umsebenzi wezinqubo ezahlukene zomzimba, ngokuyinhloko izicubu nobuchopho.
Ngokweqile, kuyadingeka ukunciphisa umkhawulo wokudla kwemikhiqizo equkethe i-carbohydrate, ukhetha iprotheni.
Ngokushoda, okuphambene nalokho, udinga ukudla ukudla okunikeza inani elikhulu le-glycogen:
- izithelo (amadethi, amakhiwane, amagilebhisi, ama-apula, amawolintshi, ama-Persimmons, amapetshisi, i-kiwi, umango, ama-sitrobheli);
- amaswidi noju;
- imifino ethile (izaqathe kanye beet);
- imikhiqizo kafulawa;
- izindunduma.
