Uhlu lwezidakamizwa lokwelapha ama-pancreas

Umuntu ongazi ngesimo somzimba kungenzeka angasho lutho ngokuqokwa kwamanyikwe, ngenkathi ebuza umbuzo ongalungile: wenzani emzimbeni wethu?

Kepha okokuqala okukhulunywa ngakho kutholakala emisebenzini yama-anatomists abephila ezinkulungwaneni zeminyaka edlule. Ku-Talmud, incwadi yemithetho yokuphila namasiko athathwe ebhayibhelini, amanyikwe abesevele ebizwa ngokuthi "umunwe kaNkulunkulu."

Ukuba zombili ziyingxenye yokuqashelwa kwangaphakathi nangaphandle, kudlala indima enkulu enqubweni yokugaya ukudla kanye nemetabolism.

Kungani lesi sitho esibalulekile sikhanyiswa? Kungani senzani ukuze aphoqeleke ukuthi azikhumbuze ngobuhlungu?

Izimbangela zokuvuvukala kwe-pancreatic

Amanyikwe yisitho esizwela kakhulu.

Ngokungavumeli noma ukuqeda izizathu ezichazwe ngezansi, ungakwazi ukwenza impilo yakhe ibe lula:

1. Ukuxiliswa komzimba ngotshwala.
2. Ukugula kwesifo se-gallbladder kanye nama-ducts ayo (ukuvuvukala, ukunciphisa).
3. Ukulimala kwesisu.
4. I-pathology ye-duodenum ngesimo sokuvuvukala kolwelwesi lwayo lwama-mucous yi-duodenitis.
5. Ukuphuza imithi: ama-anticoagulants, ama-antibalas, ama-anti-inflammatory, ama-sulfonamides nabanye.
6. Izifo ezihambisana nokutheleleka okukhulu: i-hepatitis C ye-viral ne-B, ama-mumps.
7. Hyperfunction yezindlala ze-parathyroid ezihambisana nokwanda noma ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwe-parathyroid hormone.
8. Ukuvela emzimbeni we-ascariasis yisifo esidonswa amagciwane asesiswini wamathumbu ascarids.
9. Ukuqina kweHormonal.
10. Isifo se-Vascular.
11. Ukwanda okubukhali kwe-serum lipids - i-fat-like organic compounds.
12. Isakhi sofuzo.
13. Ukudla okunempilo okunothe ngokudla okunamafutha nezinongo.

Izimpawu nezimpawu zokushintsha kwe-pathological

Izimpawu zokuqala zesifo se-gland ziyavela, njengomthetho, ngemuva kweminyaka engamashumi amane, kuyaqabukela ebuntwaneni. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho umuntu esevele emhlukumeze kakhulu futhi ngenxa yalokho uzazisa.

Ubuhlungu be-Hypochondrium

I-pancreatitis ngendlela yayo ebukhali ekhombisa izimpawu ezinjalo ngobuhlungu. Ngokuya kobukhulu bokugeleza, izinhlungu zihlukaniswe: buthuntu, bukhali, bokusika, ukudonsa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izicubu ezihlwabusayo zinomfutho ekuphethweni kwezinzwa.

I-Dyspepsia

Nge-pancreatitis, isici esenzeka ndawonye, ​​i-dyspepsia, kuvame ukwenzeka. Lokhu ukwephula okunzima komgudu wokugaya ukudla, obonakaliswa isicanucanu, ukugabha ngemuva kokudla, ukuzikhulula (isisu esidabukisayo, ukuqunjelwa).

Izimpawu ezinjengalezi zibonakaliswa kaningi esigabeni sokuqala sesi sifo. Izimbangela zingafaka izinkinga zokudla, ukudla ukudla okungabekezelelwa yisisu, kanye nokuthatha umuthi notshwala.

Ukuqhafaza njengesibonakaliso sokudakwa

Ngokukhuphuka kwe-pancreatitis, i-vagus nerve iyacasulwa, ibangele isicanucanu. Ezimweni ezingama-80%, lokhu kuphumela ekukhishweni kokuhlanza ngomlomo.

Esigabeni sokuqala - ngenxa yokuqukethwe esiswini, futhi ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, kukhishwa i-bile ephoqelekile. Khumbula, uma umuntu echaza isimo: akukho okufanele sikukhiphe, kepha kube sengathi yonke into "iyaphuma" - kunjalo impela.

Ukomisa

Lokhu kuwuphawu olunzima oluphawula ukuqina komzimba. Uma kungekho "ukufakwa" ngokushesha kwezokwelashwa eziphuthumayo, kungabulala.

Okuyingozi kakhulu hhayi kuphela ngomzimba, kodwa nempilo jikelele, kuyisigaba sesibili nesesithathu sesifundo.

Bavela kulezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:

• ukwehla kwesisindo kuze kufike ku-9%;
• umuntu uthola ukoma okungabekezeleleki;
• ulwelwesi lwamafinyila emlonyeni womile;
• umbala womchamo umnyama, ukuphuma kwawo kuyancipha;
• ama-palpitations akhuphuka ngokuthambekela kokuphazamiseka kwesigqi;
• kuvela imizwa ye-neurology (ukwazi ukungaboni kahle, ukozela, ukungasebenzi kahle kwenkulumo).

Izimpawu zesikhumba

Ngenxa yokuvuvukala kwensimbi, kuyanda ngosayizi, kuqala ukufaka ingcindezi kwizitho zayo eziseduze nasekuvikeleni ukuphuma kwe-bile.

Lokhu kubonakala esikhunjeni, kuthola umthunzi ophuzi ophuzi ogobile noma onsundu.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokwehluleka ukuphefumula kanye nokuntuleka komoya-mpilo, ukugcotshwa okonxantathu we-nasolabial, izipikili emilenzeni nasezingalweni, isikhumba esiswini nasezinhlangothini kungenzeka.

Ezinye izimpawu

Ngokuhamba kwe-palpation, ezinye izimpawu zesifo se-pancreatic zingavela:

1. Ubuhlungu ohlangothini lwesobunxele ezungeze ukuhlangana kwezimbambo nomgogodla.
2. Ngokucindezela kwesimo emaphoyiseni azungeze inkaba (ngaphakathi nangaphezulu), kwenzeka izinhlungu.
3. Ngesikhathi sokuhoxiswa okungafanele kweminwe esiswini, kuzwakale ubuhlungu obukhali.

Izinto zevidiyo mayelana nezimpawu nokwelashwa kwalesi sifo:

Yimiphi imishanguzo ephuzwayo ye-pancreatitis?

I-pancreatitis yisifo esibi esidinga ukunakwa okuseduze kanye nendlela ehlanganisiwe enqubo yokwelashwa.

Lapho uthatha imishanguzo, udinga ukuqonda kahle inhloso yayo.

Izinjongo zokwelashwa ngezidakamizwa:

1. Ukususwa kokuhlinzwa kobuhlungu obukhulu.
2. Ukuqedwa kokungasebenzi kahle kwe-gland (ukuhluleka).
3. Ukusetjenziswa kwenqubo yokuvuvukala nokwelashwa okwengeziwe kwesitho esineguli.
4. Ukuvimbela izimbangela eziba nomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwezinkinga.

Lapho i-pancreas ihlasela, amaphilisi alandelayo azosiza ekuzinziseni umsebenzi wawo futhi akwenze uzizwe ungcono:

1. Susa usizi futhi unciphise izinhlungu - uNo-shpa, uPapaverin, uBaralgin ukhonza lokhu. Kuhle ukukhumbula ukuthi idosi labo elilodwa akufanele lidlule amaphilisi amabili. Odokotela batusa ukuthatha uPapaverine noPlifillillin. Ubuhlungu obukhulu obungagugi bungadanjiswa kuphela ngudokotela ngokufaka i-anesthetic.
2. I-Mezim, i-Festal, i-Creon izokwazi ukuqina nokulinganisa ukusebenza kwamanyikwe - lokhu esikhundleni se-enzyme.
3. I-Diclofenac ne-Aspirin ingasusa ukuvuvukala, kanye nobuhlungu.
4. Odokotela banquma i-Octreotide kweziguli - leli fomu lomthamo libekelwa i-pancreatitis ebukhali futhi liphathwa ngaphakathi.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwezidakamizwa

Ukwelashwa kwe-pancreatitis ngemithi kuzosebenza kuphela ngokulungiswa okubalulekile kokudla kanye nokusetshenziswa okuhlanganisiwe kwawo wonke amathuluzi okwelapha.

Ingcwethi yomuthi wesimanje inezidakamizwa ezingaphezu kweshumi nambili ezingadambisa ukuhlupheka kwesiguli, ikwazi ukukhipha amandla okwanda kwezinqubo zokuvuvukala ezithinta isitho sobumfihlo se-pancreas.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwezidakamizwa ngokuya ngezinhloso zokwelashwa kanye nemiphumela yazo yokwelapha kulesi sifo kuvezwe ethebula:

AmaPainkiller

Inhloso yale mishanguzo ilandela igama labo, okungukuthi, kufanele badambise izinhlungu. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi yize kubuhlungu, ugqoke umbala obaluliwe, odokotela banquma imishanguzo engenazo izingxenye ze-narcotic.

Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

1. Ama-Antispasmodics: UNo-Shpa, Mebeverin, Meteospasmil, Papaverine, uBuscopan.
2. Izidakamizwa ezingezona ezokulwa nokuvuvukala ezingezona i-steroid: Voltaren, Indomethacin, Movalis.
3. Ama-analgesics: Acetamifen, Baralgin, Analgin, Paracetamol.

Enzymes

Imithi yaleli qembu ihloselwe ukuqhuba ukusebenza kwamanyikwe, okuthi ilahlekelwe umthamo wayo wokugcina.

Ngokwenhloso nemvelaphi yama-enzymes, ukuhlukaniswa okukhona kubahlukanise ngamaqembu ayi-5:

1. Elula: Abomin, Betaine.
2. Kuhlanganiswe: Flogenzim, Wobenzin.
3. Imithi equkethe i-pancreatin enezakhi zayo (i-steapsin, isitashi, i-proteinase): I-Mezim, i-Creon, i-Pancreatin, iMikrasim, iPangrol, iHermitage, i-Festal.
4. Kuhlukaniswe kusuka ezitshalweni: Somilase, Unienzyme, Solisim.
5. Imithi ebandakanya i-bile, i-pancreatin, i-hemicellulase: i-Enzistal, i-Digestal, i-Festal, nePanzinorm.

I-antiemetic

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukugabha ngemuva kokufaka ubuthi bokudla kanye ne-pancreatitis kudlula ngezindlela ezahlukene. Esimweni secala lesibili, liqhubeka ngendlela efiphele futhi engenamandla, engalethi impumuzo futhi eholela ekuphelisweni komzimba. Kulokhu, ukuhanjiswa okulula kwesisu akusizi.

Lapha, izinqubo ezibaluleke kakhulu ezihambisana nokudakwa ziyenzeka: ubuthi obakhiwe ngesikhathi sokufa kwezicubu bungeniswa e-medulla oblongata ngokuphuma kwegazi bese benza esikhungweni sokuhlanza esisesifundeni sokujikeleza.

Ukwelapha okusebenzayo kakhulu kuma-spasms yi-Cerucal. Kusetshenziswa njengomjovo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuhlanza thatha: I-Motilium, iBimaral, iTorekan.

I-Torecan, ngokungafani ne-Etaperazin efanayo, iHaloperidol, iMeterazin, ngaphezu komphumela we-antiemetic, inomphumela omuhle kakhulu wokuzolisa (wokuthoba).

I-Antidiarrheal

Isifo sohudo noma isifo sohudo yisifo esenzeka njalo sokwanda kwe-pancreatitis. Ngokuzimela, ngaphandle kosizo lwezokwelashwa, ngeke kwenzeke ukuthi ususe lokhu hhayi nje kuphela okungathandeki kakhulu, kodwa futhi nengozi eyingozi kakhulu.

Ngakho-ke, akulona iphutha ukuthi odokotela ekuxilongeni i-pancreatitis banikeze ukwelashwa okuphelele kokuhlaselwa yisifo sohudo, okubandakanya lezi zindawo ezilandelayo:

1. Ukuze "ukukwehlise" inqubo yokugaya ukudla, kudalwa izidakamizwa ze-enzymatic: Festal, Mezim, Pancreatin.
2. Ama-Enterosorbents - le mishanguzo esebenzayo, ngenkathi isesiswini, imunca ubuthi obuhlukahlukene. Esikhathini esizayo, bazisusa emzimbeni ngendlela yemvelo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi: i-Almagel, i-carbon eyenziwe yasebenza, iPolysorb.
3. Ukwengeza ithoni engenamandla ye-rectum nokunciphisa imvamisa yokuhamba kwamathumbu thatha: I-Loperamide, iLopedium, i-Immodium.
4. Ama-painkillers nama-antispasmodics wesifo sohudo: iBaralgin, iNo-Shpa, iPapaverin, iSpazmil, iRenalgan.
5. Ukulungisa i-microflora yamathumbu, odokotela batusa: I-Colibacterin, iBactistatin, iLactobacterin.
6. Ama-Vitamin-mineral complexes akhonza ukuqinisa imisebenzi yokuvikela umzimba: Supradin, Vitrum, Complivit.

I-Antacid

Ukukhishwa okwandayo kwe-hydrochloric acid kusebenze ukusebenza kwe-secretion ye-pancreatic, okuyinto nje engadingekile uma kwenzeka ekwandiseni i-pancreatitis. Ama-antacid athathwa ukuvikela lokhu.

Ihlukaniswe ngamafomu womthamo ongangeneki futhi ongangeneki. Lapho welapha i-pancreatitis, odokotela kungenzeka banikeze imishanguzo ye-aluminium-magnesium noma engangeneki.

Okudume kakhulu kubo: Phosphalugel, Almagel, Altatsid, Maalok, Gastratsid, Maalukol, Alumag.

Izidakamizwa ze-antisecretory

Ukwanda kokuqunjelwa kwejusi yesisu, okubandakanya i-hydrochloric acid, kuvusa umunyu we-pancreatitis. Inhloso eyinhloko yezidakamizwa ze-antisecretory ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-hydrochloric acid.

Ngaphandle kokuya emibhalweni ejulile yezokwelapha, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi zonke lezi zindlela zemithamo zihlukaniswe ngokwezokwelapha zazo zaba ama-PPIs (proton pump inhibitors) kanye ne-histamine H2 receptor blockers. Zonke zinciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-acid ubusuku nemini. Yizidala zodwa ezingathinti i-cholinergic, kanti ezokugcina azithinti ama-histamine receptors.

Ama-blockers we-H2-histamine receptor:

1. Isizukulwane SikaCementidin: I-Histodyne, i-Altamet, iBelomet, i-Ulcometin, iTagamet.
2. Isizukulwane se-Ranitidine: I-Zantag, i-Histak, iRanisan, i-Acidex, i-Zoran.
3. Isizukulwane se-Famotidine: i-Antondine, i-Ulfamide, iGaster, i-Quamatel, i-Pepsid. I-Topzid.

Ama-PPI noma ama-proton pump blockers:

1. Isizukulwane se-Omeprazole: Omez, Zerocide, Omizak, Osid, Erosit.
2. Isizukulwane se-lansoprazole: ILanzap, iLanzopton.
3. I-Generation Pantoprazole.
4. IGeneral Rabenprazole: Parry.
5. Isizukulwane se-Esomeprazole: Nexium.

Imithi elwa namagciwane

Bathola amagama abo ngenxa yezindawo ezibanzi zokwelapha, noma, ngokunembile. Umphumela wazo udlulela ezifweni ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi i-pancreatitis.

Isizukulwane esisha semithi elwa namagciwane, esivame ukubekwa odokotela kwiziguli zabantu abadala, sifaka:

• I-Ceftriaxone;
• Azithromycin;
• Isikhathi saseCefotaxime.

Kepha ungakhohlwa ezindala, ezifakazelwe, kepha azikho izidakamizwa ezisebenziseka kancane ezinobubanzi besenzo, ezibandakanya:

• I-Cefoperazone;
• I-Doxycycline;
• Kuhlanganiswe;
• I-Amoxiclav;
• I-Ampicillin.

I-Myotropic antispasmodic

Ukusungulwa kwendawo nokususwa kwezifo ze-spastic ezifweni ze-emathunjini emathunjini, amanyikwe, i-gall bladder kanye ne-bile ducts kuyinjongo enkulu yezidakamizwa ze-myotropic antispasmodic.

Lokhu kufaka amafomu omthamo anezakhiwo ze-antispasmodic and vasodilating.

Okuthandwa kakhulu lapho uya khona (kuqoqwe ndawonye):

• Papaverine, Papaverine hydrochloride;
• Mebeverin, Duspatalin;
• I-Bicyclan, iHalidor;
• IDrotaverin, iDrotaverina hydrochloride, iNo-Shpa, iNo-Shpa Forte, iSpazmol;
• I-Otilonia bromide, Spasmomen;
• I-Pinaveria bromide, i-Dicetel;
• I-Platyphyllin;
• I-Trimebutin;
• Fenicaberan;
• I-Flavoxate.

Anti-ukuvuvukala okungahambisani ne-steroidal

Lawa amafomu edatha athandwa kakhulu futhi athandwayo. Omunye walinganisela ukuthi eMelika kunikezwa imiyalo engaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-70 yokuthenga le mithi ngonyaka.

Zonke izinhlobo zemithamo yaleli qembu, kodwa kufanelekile ukuqaphela ukuthi lawa amagama angaphezu kwekhulu, anezakhiwo ezifanayo futhi enza imigomo efanayo: anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic.

Yimiphi imithi engcono kakhulu ongayithatha, okufanele uyikhethe? Umbuzo ubuzwa ngokungalungile kakhulu.

Ukususa izinqubo zokuvuvukala ezihambisana nokwanda kwe-pancreatitis, odokotela bavame ukunquma:

• Acetylsalicylic acid noma Aspirin;
• I-Diflunisal;
• Sulindak;
• I-Lysine monoacetylsalicylate;
• I-Phenylbutazone;
• Indomethacin;
• I-Flurbiprofen;
• IPiroxicam;
• I-Diclofenac;
• Nabumeton;
• Ibuprofen;
• I-Ketoprofen;
• Mesalazine nabanye abaningi.

Ividiyo evela kuDkt Evdokimenko:

Amakhambi Asebenza Ngokumpumelelo kakhulu

Ukunikeza impendulo engenakuphikiswa embuzweni ophathelene nezidakamizwa ezisebenza kahle kakhulu zokwelapha i-pancreas akunakubonga njengokuphikisana noma ukuphikisana ngokuthi iyiphi indawo yesifunda noma yesifunda esifanele kakhulu ukuhlala kwabantu.

Futhi sicabanga ukuthi uzovuma ukuthi impendulo efanayo engaqondakali, okuyile: konke kuncike emzimbeni womuntu - kuzolunga ngokufanayo ngezinketho ezimbili.

I-pancreatitis yisifo esiyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu esingalapheki. Okuningi kuya ngecebo namasu okulwa nalokhu kugula, kumalungiselelo ekhethelo wezokwelapha kanye nokusebenza kwabo okuyinkimbinkimbi.

Yize ezinye izinto ezijwayelekile ezisuselwa ocwaningweni lwezokwelapha zingenziwa.

Imvamisa, ngokuvuvukala kwamanyikwe, odokotela banquma: ama-painkillers, ama-antibiotic nezidakamizwa eqenjini le-enzyme.

Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

1. Ukulungiswa kwe-enzyme: UCreon, uPanzinorm.
2. Ama-antacid: IGaviscon, uRennie, iPhosphalugel, iMaloalox.
3. I-Proton pump blockers: i-Omez, iLanzap, iPantoprazop, iLanzopton.
4. Ama-antibiotic: Azithromycin, Cefotaxime.
5. Ama-Painkiller: I-No-Shpa, iMeteoospasmil, iVoltaren, i-Movalis. Baralgin, Paracetamol.

Ukuze unqobe ngempumelelo izinkinga ezihambisana nesifo se-pancreatic, udinga ukuqoqa hhayi ngokubekezela kuphela. Kuyadingeka ukulandela ngokuqinile izincomo zikadokotela ozifundelayo futhi ubukeze ngokuyisisekelo yonke impilo, kubandakanya ukwakheka nokudla, kanye nemodi yokuphumula kanye nokuzivocavoca umzimba.