I-glucose ingumthombo wamandla wendawo yonke kubantu, ingena egazini, idluliselwa ezithweni nasezithanjeni, lapho i-oxidized, isabalalisa amakhalori.
Ukweqiwa kwalesi ushukela kugcinwa esibindini njenge-glycogen noma kugcinwe emafutheni angaphansi kwe-subcutaneous. Okuqukethwe kwe-glucose egazini kuyinkomba ebalulekile ye-biochemical.
Ukuhlaziywa kwasemva kokudla - inketho yokulawula ethembekile
Ucwaningo lubona izinga le-glucose egazini, elivame ukubizwa ngokuthi ushukela wegazi.
Okuqukethwe kweglucose kuncike emikhakheni eminingi:
- iminyaka
- isikhathi sosuku;
- ukuba khona kokusebenza komzimba;
- isikhathi ngemuva kokudla nabanye.
Ngakho-ke, ngemuva kokudla, izinga likashukela liyakhuphuka, futhi ngokuzikhandla ngokomzimba kuyehla. Kumuntu osekhulile, i-metabolism iyancishiswa, okusho ukuthi ushukela kufanele ube ngaphansi.
Umzimba ulwela ukuqinisekisa ukuthi le nkomba icishe ifane, ngoba kunezindlela ezimbili:
- Ukufakwa ushukela egazini kusetshenziswa i-hormone insulin.
- Ukwehla kwe-glycogen namafutha eglucose ukungena egazini.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi likashukela kwenziwa kunoma yimuphi umtholampilo, kutholakala kalula futhi kungenziwa ngenye yezindlela ezintathu, kusetshenziswa ama-reagents ahlukahlukene:
- i-glucose oxidase;
- i-ferricyanide;
- i-ortotoluidine.
Umgomo wokusebenza kwalezi zindlela uyafana: ushukela uhlangana nge-reagent, kusungulwa isisombululo sombala, ubukhulu bawo buhlolwa yi-calorimeter ye-photoelectric. Lapho ephakeme kakhulu, ama-molecule woshukela asesegazini. Imiphumela iboniswa ngamamililitha ilitha ngalinye.
Indlela yendabuko yokuhlaziya ihlongoza ukuthi isiguli size silambile, okuwukuthi, asidli emahoreni angama-8-10 alandelayo. Kodwa-ke, kunendlela yokunquma ngemuva kokudla, ngokunemba, amahora ama-2-3 ngemuva kokudla.
Kumuntu ophile kahle, indlela yokulawula isebenza ngokushesha futhi kufika ushukela ojwayelekile kungakapheli amahora ama-2. Futhi ngemuva kwehora eli-1, kufanele ifinyelele ku-7-8 mmol ilitha ngalinye. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, kufanelekile ukubheka amazinga kashukela wegazi futhi, ngokungahambi kahle okuvamile, bonana nodokotela.
Lapho ulawula ushukela, odokotela bacebisa ukuthatha izilinganiso kaningana ngosuku: kusuka kwabathathu kuya kwabayisihlanu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga elijwayelekile liyabonakala uma:
- Ekuseni ngaphambi kokudla, inkomba ingu-3.5-5,5 mmol ilitha ngalinye.
- Ngaphambi kwasemini kanye nesidlo sakusihlwa, cishe u-3.8-6.1 mmol ilitha ngalinye.
- Ngemuva kwehora ngemuva kokudla cishe ama-8 mol ngelitha.
- Amahora amabili ngemuva kokudla - 5.5-6.5.
- Ngesikhathi sokulala, akukho ngaphezu kwe-4 mmol ngelitha ngalinye.
Yiliphi izinga likashukela elibhekwa njengelingasebenzi? Uma inkomba idlulwa ngo-1.5-2 mmol ilitha ngalinye ukusuka kokujwayelekile, lokhu kubonisa ukuphambuka okukhulu, okusebenza njenge-alamu. Ngasikhathi sinye, izinga elehlisiwe nalo luphawu olungathandeki, likhuluma ngesinye isifo - i-hypoglycemia.
Ividiyo evela kuDkt Malysheva mayelana nokuhlolwa kwesifo sikashukela:
Kuyini ubungozi bamanani aphezulu?
Ukuphambuka kwesikhathi esisodwa kokujwayelekile akuyona inkomba eyingozi, kungadalwa ukudla okuthile noma ezinye izinto zangaphandle. Uma izinga likashukela liphakanyiswa njalo, kufanele uthintane nodokotela ngokushesha.
Ukugcwala okukhulu kwe-glucose egazini kukhombisa ukukhula kwesifo esinjengoshukela.
Ingakhula ngenxa yenye yezinqubo:
- ama-pancreas akhiqiza i-insulin encane noma ayikho;
- ama-receptors amangqamuzana alahlekelwa yi-glucose susceptibility, engabanjwa futhi ihlale egazini.
Ushukela wegazi ophakeme uhlala uholela emiphumeleni engathandeki ekhula kancane kancane futhi ekuqaleni ingabonakali ngokuphelele:
- umsebenzi wenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi kuyaphazamiseka, isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi, isifo senhliziyo, ukuqina kwegazi kanye nabanye bakhula;
- uhlelo lwezinzwa luhlupheka, olukhonjiswa ekuwohlokeni kwememori, ubuhlakani, ukucabanga okungenampilo;
- ukulimala emithanjeni yezinso kuholela ekuthuthukiseni ukwehluleka kwezinso, i-nephropathy;
- i-metabolism kwezicubu iyaphazamiseka, okuholela ekwakhekeni kwezilonda, imikhawulo engezansi izwelayo ikakhulukazi kulokhu;
- ukuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic kuholela ekuzuzeni kwesisindo kanye nokukhuluphala;
- ushukela usebenza njengendlela enhle yezakhi zama-microorganisms, ngakho-ke amanxeba aphulukisa kabi, ukusebenza cishe akunakwenzeka, futhi noma yikuphi ukulimala kungaholela ebulilini;
- ukwephulwa kwemithambo yegazi yamehlo kuholela ekulimaleni kokubonakalayo;
- ukucindezelwa kokuqwashisa kungenzeka kuze kufinyelele kugcwala.
Zonke lezi zinqubo kancane kancane zibhubhisa umzimba, ngenkathi cishe kungenakwenzeka ukubuyisa ukusebenza kwezitho zomzimba, ngoba ukwakheka kwezicubu kwephulwe, futhi ukusebenza kuleli zwe kuphambene, ngoba ukuphulukiswa emva kwaboampofu kakhulu.
Kungani ushukela wehliswe ngemuva kokudla?
Kunezimo lapho, ngokushesha ngemuva kokudla, ushukela wehla kakhulu. Imbangela yalesi simo kungaba kokubili i-hypoglycemia noshukela wegazi ophezulu.
Owokuqala ubonakala ngokukhiqiza ngokweqile kwe-insulin futhi kuhambisana nezimpawu ezinjengokuthi:
- izinga lokushisa lomzimba eliphansi;
- ingozi ye-cerebrovascular;
- ukungasebenzi kwemisipha okungahleliwe.
Okuyingozi kubantu yizinga le-2.2 mmol ngelitha ngalinye labesifazane kanye no-2.8 mmol ilitha ngalinye kwabesilisa. Izinkomba ezinjalo, ukoma kungenzeka. Imvamisa, ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin ngokweqile kuyisimila kumanyikwe.
Udokotela oqoqa ama-anamnesis, anikeze izivivinyo futhi adonse iziphetho ezifanele kufanele anqume imbangela yokwehla kwamazinga kashukela.
Uma ezimweni eziningi umuntu enokwenyuka kwezinga likashukela, khona-ke kufanelekile ukukhuluma ngokuba khona kwesifo - uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela 1 noma 2, ngokulandela indlela yokwelashwa enqunyelwe.
Isithombe somtholampilo sikashukela
Isimo somtholampilo ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela siveza isimo:
- ukoma okungapheli;
- isicanucanu nokuhlanza
- ukuzizwa ugula, ukhathala, ukozela;
- i-paresthesia kanye nokuqina kwezitho;
- ukubonakala kwephunga le-acetone elivela emlonyeni;
- umbono onsundu, ukubonakala kwesithombe "nebula";
- isikhumba esomile nokumiswa okungapheli, lapho kuvela amanxeba kanye namaphaphu;
- izinwele ezi-brittle, ukulahleka kwezinwele nokukhula kabi;
- ukuncipha kwesifiso sokudla.
Uma lezi zimpawu zenzeka ezinganeni, kufanelekile ukukhuluma ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, lapho amanyikwe akhiqiza insulin enganele.
Ithuthuka ngokushesha okukhulu futhi iholela ekushintsheni kwe-pathological kwezicubu, zize zibulale. Ngakho-ke, kuleli cala, kubalulekile kakhulu ukuthola izifo ngesikhathi futhi uqale ukwelashwa.
Esimweni esidala, kuba khona isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, imbangela yakho okuyindlela yokuphila engenampilo. Ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela kuthintwa ukungondleki, ukucindezelwa okungapheli, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile, ukuntuleka kokuzivocavoca.
Imvamisa isiguli asinaki izimpawu, sibheke imbangela yesimo saso kwezinye izifo. Okusengozini ikakhulukazi ngabantu abanesifo sofuzo, emndenini wabo kukhona iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela.
Inkomba eyinhloko yesifo sikashukela ukwanda koshukela egazini. It, kanye nezinye izimpawu, kunikeza ukuxilongwa okunembile.
Ungayilungisa kanjani izinkomba?
Lapho uthola isifo sikashukela, kubalulekile ukuqala ngokushesha ukwelashwa, kubandakanya nokudla. Uma ukuxilongwa kungakenziwa, kepha ushukela wegazi ukhuphuka njalo, lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi yi-prediabetesic, uma singalashwa, sizoshintsha sibe yisifo esinemiphumela ehambisanayo.
Izinyathelo ezingabuyisa amazinga kashukela zibuyele kokujwayelekile yilezi:
- ukudla;
- ukunciphisa umzimba;
- ukuvivinya umzimba njalo;
- ukuthatha imishanguzo.
Ukudla kuyithuluzi elikhulu ekuvimbeleni nasekwelapheni isifo sikashukela, kufaka imigomo eminingana:
- ukudla kufanele kususelwe ekudleni okunenkomba ye-glycemic ephansi: imifino, izithelo, okusanhlamvu okumpunga, imifino;
- ukudla okujwayelekile kwamaprotheni: inyama engenamafutha, inhlanzi, amaqanda, imikhiqizo yobisi;
- ukudla kufanele kube okwehlayo: izikhathi ezingama-5-6 ngosuku ngezingxenye ezincane, ukudla okulula okukhona "kulungile";
- phuza uketshezi oluningi: amanzi amsulwa, ama-decoction amakhambi namajikijolo, izithelo ezidliwayo ezingenawo ushukela;
- imikhiqizo kafulawa kufanele yehliswe ibe mincane futhi kufanele ibe okusanhlamvu okuphelele noma isinkwa se-rye;
- ngaphandle kokudla: okumnandi, izitsha zikafulawa, ilayisi elimhlophe, amasoseji, ubuncane bamafutha ezilwane, utshwala nokudla okusheshayo.
Ukuzivocavoca okujwayelekile Kulokhu, isimo esivamile somzimba siyathuthuka, futhi okuqukethwe ushukela egazini kuyancipha.
Lapho zitholakala, iziguli zibekelwa imithi esisiza ukucubungula ushukela omningi futhi simunce. Ukwemukelwa kwabo kuyadingeka, futhi kukho konke impilo, ngoba isifo sikashukela aselapheki. Isiguli singaphila naye iminyaka eminingi futhi sizizwe siphilile ngokuphelele. Kepha le ndlela kungenzeka ngokuya ngezincomo zonke zikadokotela, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa njalo.
Inkulumo yevidiyo yezidakamizwa ezinciphisa ushukela:
Lapho wenqaba ukwelashwa, umzimba womuntu uhlangabezana nemiphumela emibi kashukela omningi, okuholela ekubhujisweni kwezicubu. Kancane kancane, isimo sakhe siba sibi futhi kuholele ekufeni.
Impilo yesiguli, okokuqala nokuphambili, umsebenzi wayo. Kumele sifunde ukunakekela umzimba wethu kusuka ebuntwaneni, khona-ke lapho umuntu esemdala ngeke kube nezinkinga ezinkulu futhi nekhwalithi yempilo izoba ngcono kakhulu.
