Izindlela zokuvimbela isifo sikashukela - ukusivikela kanjani lesi sifo?

Isifo lapho inqubo yomzimba yokuguqula ama-carbohydrate ibe amandla iphazamiseka ngenxa yokushoda noma isenzo esingalungile se-insulin ye-pancreatic okuthiwa i-mellitus yesifo sikashukela.

Isifo sikashukela sithathwa njengesifo esingamahlalakhona futhi singelapheki ngokuphelele.

Amathuba okuthola lesi sifo ancishiswa ngezindlela zokuthibela.

I-Carbohydrate Metabolism Sibutsetelo

Emzimbeni womuntu, ama-carbohydrate adlala indima yokwakheka kanye nokugcwaliswa kwamandla akhe, okuwumthombo oqondile wawo yi-glucose. Ama-carbohydrate, abamba iqhaza ohlelweni lwe-metabolism kanye namaprotheni namafutha, akhipha amaphesenti angaphezu kwamashumi ayisikhombisa awo wonke amandla okuguqulwa kwamakhemikhali okwenzeka emzimbeni womuntu.

Ngokuya malini ushukela owangene egazini nokuthi ususwe malini kulo, kusethwa izinga likashukela wegazi. Ukulinganiselwa kwalezi zinkomba ezimbili kunquma i-carbohydrate metabolism emzimbeni.

Inqubo yokugaya ama-carbohydrate ivela emgodini womlomo, lapho isitashi sihlukaniswa isenzo se-enzymes yamathe. I-Glycogen, ekhishwa ekudleni okutholwe emzimbeni womuntu, ngemuva kokuhlukaniswa emathunjini amancane, inqwabelana esibindini, yakha uhlobo lokubekelwa indawo kungenzeka ukuthi iphinde iphinde igcwalise amandla.

Ngokucindezela okukhulu ngokomzimba noma ngokomzwelo, ukulahlekelwa amandla ngokushesha kwenzeka, kuyilapho ushukela wegazi uyancipha. Ngalesi sikhathi, i-adrenaline ye-hormone yesibindi ivuselela ama-enzyme, ngaphansi kwethonya lapho i-glycogen iguqulwa ibe ushukela bese ingena egazini. Ngakho-ke, amazinga kashukela wegazi ajwayelekile.

I-carbohydrate metabolism yenzeka ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwama-hormone amabili - i-insulin ne-glucagon. I-Glucagon ilawula ukugqashuka kwe-glycogen kuyi-glucose, futhi i-insulin iyisusa egazini iye kwizicubu zezitho zomzimba. Kumuntu ophilile, isenzo sabo siyaxhunyaniswa - i-glucagon iholela ekwandeni koshukela wegazi, bese i-insulin ilinciphisa.

Uma kwenzeka ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-insulin, lonke lolu hlelo luphukile bese kuvela isifo sikashukela.

Umehluko wohlobo oluyisisekelo

Kunezimpawu ezimbili zesifo sikashukela - uhlobo lokuqala nolwesibili. Umehluko oyisisekelo ukuthi okokuqala, lesi sifo sibangelwa ukungabikho ngokuphelele kwe-insulin, kanti okwesibili, ukwephulwa kokubona kwayo ngamangqamuzana omzimba.

Ukugula kwalezi zinhlobo zombili kubonakaliswa ukuphambuka okufanayo kusuka esimweni esejwayelekile.

Izimpawu ezejwayelekile:

• ukoma okungapheli, ukuphuza ngokweqile uketshezi nokuchama kaningi;
• ukunciphisa umzimba ngenhliziyo eqinile;
• ukomela okukhulu kwe-integument yangaphandle;
• ukungaboni kahle
• imiphetho yemikhawulo ephansi;
• ukungahambi kahle nokulunywa kwezitho zangasese.

Uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela esinga-insulin-oluncike ku-insulin yisifo esibonakaliswa inkambo engapheli futhi kwenzeka lapho ushintsho kumakhemikhali we-carbohydrate luhlotshaniswa nokwephula ukuzwela kwamangqamuzana izicubu esenzweni se-insulin.

Izimbangela eziphambili ezandisa ubungozi bokungasebenzi yilezi ezilandelayo:

• ukukhuluphala, ikakhulukazi ubukhona bokukhuluphala;
• ukuntuleka kokuzivocavoca umzimba, impilo yokuhlala phansi;
• izici zokudla okunempilo, lapho kudla kunokuqukethwe okunama-carbohydrate amaningi kanye nenani elincane le-fiber;
• isifiso sofuzo salolu hlobo.

Isifo sikashukela esincike ku-Type 1 sikashukela sikhula ngokungabonakali futhi sivele lapho iningi lamaseli we-pancreatic beta akhiqiza i-insulin selivele lonakele ngenxa yenqubo ye-pathological.

Izinguquko ezinjalo ikakhulukazi zenzeka ebuntwaneni nasebusheni, ziqhubeka ngokushesha okukhulu futhi zihambisana nokuwohloka okubukhali. Isici sikashukela wohlobo loku-1 ukuntuleka kwe-insulin, okuyi-pancreas eyekayo ukuyikhiqiza.

Inqubo yokungena kweglucose kumaseli omzimba iyaphazamiseka, iqongelela egazini ngamanani amakhulu. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukulamba kwe-carbohydrate kanye nokuntuleka kwamandla kwenzeka kwizicubu.

Abesifazane abanesifo sikashukela bangaba nobunzima bokuzala ingane noma ukukhulelwa. Enye yezimpawu ezichazayo emadodeni ukuthuthukiswa kwezinqubo zokuvuvukala zejwabu lesitho sangasese sangasese (i-balanoposthitis), okubangelwa ukuchama kaningi.

Ithebula lokuhluka phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezifo:

Ubunzima balesi sifo buchazwa yizinkinga ezinzima, phakathi kwazo:

• isifo senhliziyo, imivimbo yesifo senhliziyo;
• ukungaboni kahle emehlweni, ukulimala kwamehlo ukugqwala ngokuphelele ubumpumputhe;
• ukwehluleka kwezinso ngenxa yokulimala kwezinso;
• unyawo lwesifo sikashukela - amanxeba angalapheki emilenzeni ngengozi yokushintshwa yi-gangrene kanye nokulahleka kwesibalo;
• i-misuli atrophy - ukwehla kwethamo namandla ngenxa yokuncipha kwabo, okuholela ekuvinjelweni noma ekulahlekelweni okuphelele komsebenzi we-motor;
• I-osteoporosis - okuvela kumetabolism engasebenzi kahle kanye nokuntuleka kwe-calcium, ukukhula kwethambo lamathambo.

Ividiyo mayelana nezimbangela zesifo sikashukela:

Kungenzeka yini ukugwema lesi sifo?

Ezokwelapha azinikezi impendulo eqondile kulo mbuzo, kepha kuye kwafakazelwa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kunciphise ubungozi besifo sikashukela kube ubuncane. Izenzo zokuvimbela isifo sikashukela esingancikeli i-insulin ziyancishiswa ukulawula ukudla nokuqeda izimbangela eziholela ekutholeni isisindo noma ukukhuluphala.

Imenyu akufanele ibe nokudla okuqukethe inani elikhulu lama-carbohydrate namafutha, ikakhulukazi ukudla okusheshayo, utshwala, iziphuzo ezinoshukela. Kuthandwa kakhulu imifino, okusanhlamvu okuphelele, inyama ebusayo.

Ukuzivocavoca okwenziwa nsuku zonke kukhuthaza i-carbohydrate metabolism, kuvuselele ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin, futhi kusekela umzimba usesimweni esihle.

Ukuvimbela isifo sikashukela esincike ku-insulin akuhlali kusebenza ngaso sonke isikhathi, kodwa noma kunjalo akufanele ukwenqabe. Ukuvimbela okunjalo kubizwa ngokuthi okuyisisekelo (ngaphambi kokuba kutholakale isifo sikashukela) futhi kufanele kuqalwe kwasebusheni ukuze kuvikeleke ukukhula kwesifo.

Izincomo zokuvimbela ezinganciphisa ingozi yezifo zimi ngalendlela elandelayo:

1. Ukunakekela impilo yengane. Kuyadingeka ukuzama ukuvikela ingane ezifweni ezibangelwa amagciwane, ukutheleleka okunjalo kungadambisa ukwephulwa kwamanyikwe ekukhiqizeni i-insulin. Ukwandisa izindawo zokuvikela umzimba, kunconywa ukuthi unake ukuqina.
2. Ukuncelisa. Odokotela bathi ubisi lwebele lukhulisa ukungavikeleki kwengane futhi kudala isithiyo ezifweni ezahlukahlukene kanye namagciwane. Lapho ushintshela ebisini lwenkomo luphela, kungenzeka ukuthi ukuhlangana kube nezinkinga ezihambisana noshintsho lwe-pathological esenzweni samasosha omzimba, okuholela ekukhuleni kwesifo.
3. Impilo yezengqondo. Ukucindezeleka, okuhlangenwe nakho kokwethuswa, ukucindezeleka okungokomzwelo kungakubangela ukuqala kwesifo. Isimo esinjalo kungenzeka ngezimo ezingqubuzanayo ezingapheli emndenini, ushintsho olubi esimweni (ukuvakashela inkulisa, isikole), ukwesaba.
4. Isizungu. Uma nje izihlobo zegazi zinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, kungakuhle ukuthi zihlolisiswe njalo ufuzo ukuze zithole isifo.

Ividiyo evela kuDkt Komarovsky emayelana nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 ezinganeni:

Izindlela zokuvimbela

Abantu abasengozini yokuba nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 kufanele bathathe imithetho ethile ngokungathi sína ukuvimbela ukukhula kwalesi sifo. Lapho usuqala ukuvimbela, lapho kusebenza ngempumelelo.

Umsoco

Ngaphandle kokudla okuqinile, zonke ezinye izindlela zokuvimbela cishe azisebenzi.

Imikhiqizo ukusetshenziswa kwayo kufanele kukhawulelwe:

• amazambane ngenxa yesitashi;
• iziphuzo ezinoshukela, i-kvass, imicu namajusi ngoshukela ongeziwe;
• amaswidi, namakhekhe, namakhekhe;
• izithelo ezimnandi: ubhanana, amagilebhisi, ama-Persimmons, uphayinaphu;
• isinkwa esimhlophe;
• inyama enamafutha nenhlanzi, amasoseji;
• ubisi olunamafutha aphezulu nemikhiqizo yobisi;
• imayonnaise, wabhema inyama.

Kungcono ukuthi ususe ngokuphelele ubukhona beshukela elimsulwa notshwala ekudleni.

Kunconywa ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo elandelayo kwimenyu yansuku zonke:

• imifino nganoma yiluphi uhlobo: eluhlaza, ebilisiwe, ebhakwe;
• imifino;
• inyama enciphile;
• inhlanzi - umfula, ulwandle, ukudla kwasolwandle;
• ubisi lwe-skim nemikhiqizo yobisi;
• okusanhlamvu - i-buckwheat, i-oat, ibhali le-pearl;
• izithelo - ama-apula, i-kiwi, izithelo zamawolintshi;
• isinkwa esiphelele sokusanhlamvu.

Umgomo oyisisekelo wokudla okunempilo kufanele ube yisidlo esidliwayo - izikhathi ezingama-5-6 ngosuku ngezingxenye ezincane.

Ukudla okulinganiselayo, ukudla izithelo nemifino eyanele kusiza umzimba ukuthola inani elifanele lamavithamini nezinye izinto ezizuzisayo. Kuthuthukisa igazi, kusheshise i-carbohydrate metabolism futhi kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwazo zonke izitho zangaphakathi.

Ividiyo ephathelene nokudla okunesifo sikashukela:

Indima yokusebenza komzimba

Ezemidlalo ziyingxenye ebalulekile yokuvimbela kanye nokwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela. Ngomsebenzi womzimba, izinqubo zokuthola amandla kwe-insulin ye-hormone ziyavuselelwa kanye nokusebenza kwesenzo saso kuyanda.

Odokotela batusa ukuzivocavoca okunjalo okungabeki umthwalo omkhulu ezinso, inhliziyo, amehlo kanye nezitho eziphansi. Ukuzivocavoca okulinganiselayo kukuvumela ukugcina isisindo sakho sijwayelekile, ukuvikela ekuthuthukiseni ukukhuluphala, ukuthuthukisa impilo kanye nenhlala-kahle.

Ukuvikela lesi sifo, ukuhamba njalo, ukubhukuda, ukudansa, ukudlala ibhola, ukuhamba ngebhayisikile nokusiza kuzosiza.

Indlela yokuphila enempilo

Ukuze ungabangeli izinkinga zempilo ezingavusa ukukhula kwesifo, kufanele uyeke imikhuba emibi - ukubhema nokuphuza utshwala.

Utshwala bubangela ukuncipha okubukhali koshukela wegazi, ukuguquguquka okunjalo kuthinta kabi ukusebenza kwamanyikwe. I-Nicotine, engena emzimbeni, inyusa ingozi yesifo kanye nezinkinga zayo.

Ukuqhaqhazela okukhulu kwengqondo, ukuwohloka kwemizwa, ukuphuma kwemizwelo kungadala ukwephulwa kwe-carbohydrate metabolism kanye nokuvela kwalesi sifo.

Lapho ukhulumisana nabantu abanomqondo ongemuhle, kufanele uzame ukuhlala uzolile, ukulawula isimo sakho semizwa.

Izindlela zokwelashwa

Imithi isetshenziswa ekuvinjelweni kwesibili kwesifo sikashukela, lapho lesi sifo sesivele sikhona futhi kuhloswe ngaso ukuvimba inqubo yentuthuko yaso eqhubekayo.

I-prophylaxis yesibili yohlobo 1 ifaka ukwelashwa ngemijovo ngamalungiselelo we-insulin. Umthamo nohlobo lwe-insulin esigulini ngasinye lukhethiwe ngokuhlukile esibhedlela ngaphansi kokuqondisa udokotela. Ukusetshenziswa okulula, kusetshenziswa izidakamizwa zezikhathi ezahlukahlukene.

Ohlelweni lwesibili sikashukela, izidakamizwa ezincishiselwa i-glucose egazi. Uhlobo lomthamo kanye nomthamo wesidakamizwa kunqunywa esimweni ngasinye ngokwahlukana. Ukuthola umphumela omuhle, kuyadingeka ukulandela ngokuqinile izincomo zikadokotela oholayo.

Ukuvinjwa okuphezulu kuqukethe ukwelashwa kwe-dispensary futhi kuhloswe ngayo ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga nokukhubazeka, kanye nokunciphisa ukufa.

Ukuvimbela isifo sikashukela kunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokuthola lesi sifo. Imithetho elula nokubambelela ngokuqinile kwizincomo zochwepheshe kuzosiza ukuqeda noma ukunciphisa kakhulu amathuba okuba nezinkinga nemiphumela emibi.