Amagama wezohwebo nemiyalo yokusebenzisa i-insulin Levemir

Phakathi kwemithi yesifo sikashukela kufaka iLevemir. Umkhiqizo ungoweqembu le-insulin. Izinkampani ezenza umuthi ziyikhipha ngaphansi kwamagama iLevemir Flekspen kanye neLevemir Penfill.

Le mishanguzo inemigomo efanayo yokuvezwa, echazwa ngokwakhiwa kwayo, ngakho-ke ingabhekwa njengesidakamizwa esisodwa.

Ukwakheka, ifomu lokukhulula kanye nesenzo semithi

I-Levemir ingathengwa kuphela njengesixazululo esidliwayo esifakwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba.

Into eyinhloko yokwakheka yi-insulin Detemir. Le nto ingeyokufanekisa kwe-insulin yomuntu futhi ibonakala ngokuvezwa isikhathi eside.

Ukusebenza kahle nokuphepha, izinto ezinjengokuthi:

• metacresol;
• phenol;
• i-zinc acetate;
• glycerol;
• i-sodium chloride;
• i-sodium hydroxide;
• sodium hydrogen phosphate;
• amanzi.

Umuthi uwuketshezi ocacile ngaphandle kombala.

Lapho uthatha noma yimuphi umuthi, udinga ukwazi ukuthi yisiphi isenzo ongasilindela kuwo. Ukuze lokhu, izakhiwo zalo zokwelapha kufanele zifundwe. Umuthi osebenzayo wesidakamizwa utholakala ngokubuchwepheshe ngobuchwepheshe be-recombinant be-DNA. Isikhathi sokuchayeka kulolu hlobo lwe-insulin sichazwa iqiniso lokuthi ukufakwa kwalo kuhamba kancane kunasezimweni ezinama-hormone amafushane naphakathi.

Ukuxhuma kwakhiwa phakathi kwengxenye esebenzayo nama-receptors kulwelwesi lweseli, ngenxa yokuthi isilinganiso sezinqubo ze-intracellular sisheshiswa futhi izinga lokukhiqizwa kwe-enzyme landa.

Ukuthuthwa okungaphakathi kweglucose nokusatshalaliswa kwayo kwezicubu kwenzeka ngokushesha, okunciphisa inani layo ku-plasma. Futhi, iDetemir inamandla okwehlisa izinga lokukhiqizwa koshukela isibindi.

Ukuphuza umuthi kuncike ezimweni eziqondile zesiguli, umthamo kanye nesayithi lomjovo. Lolu hlobo lwe-insulin lusebenza kahle kakhulu esikhathini sokuphumula amahora angama-6-8 ngemuva komjovo. Umuthi usatshalaliswa ekuqoqweni okungu-0,1 l / kg.

Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwe-metabolic, i-Levemir iguqulwa ibe ngama-metabolites angasebenzi, athululwa yizinso nesibindi. Isikhathi sempilo yento evela emzimbeni ingahluka kusuka kumahora ayi-10 kuye kwayi-14. Isikhathi sokuchayeka engxenyeni eyodwa yesidakamizwa sifinyelela ngosuku.

Izinkomba kanye ne-contraindication

Noma imuphi umuthi kufanele usetshenziswe kuphela ngokuya ngemiyalo, futhi kungcono ukuthola udokotela wakho. Uchwepheshe kufanele ahlaziye isithombe sesifo, enze izivivinyo ezidingekayo, bese kuphela - aqoke.

Umuthi wenzelwe ekwelapheni isifo sikashukela. Ingasetshenziswa ngokwehlukana, njengomuthi oyinhloko, noma bangakhetha ukwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi ngokuhambisana nezinye izindlela.

Kukholakala ukuthi kufanelekile kuzo zonke iziguli ezisukela eminyakeni eyisithupha, kodwa kuneziphambeko ezithile okufanele zinakwe:

• ukuzwela komuntu ngalolu hlobo lwe-insulin;
• ukukhulelwa
• ukucaphuka
• ubudala
• izifo zesibindi nezinso.

Ukuphulwa okufakwe kuhlu akuyona kuqinile (ngaphandle kokungabekezeleli). Kwezinye izimo, ukusetshenziswa kwalesi sidakamizwa kuvunyelwe, kepha kudinga ukulawulwa ngudokotela olapha nodokotela ukulungiswa kokuphambuka kunoma iyiphi inkambo ehleliwe yokwelashwa.

Imiyalo yokusebenzisa

Ukulungiselela kwe-insulin kubaluleke kakhulu kwiziguli ezinesifo sikashukela. Kwezinye izimo, ngaphandle kwabo, isiguli singafa. Kepha akunakubungozi kangako uma ungalandeli imithetho yokusebenzisa kwabo. I-Levemir idinga futhi ukuthi isetshenziswe ngokuya ngemiyalo, ngaphandle kokushintsha noma yini ngaphandle kolwazi udokotela. Ukusebenza kwe-Amateur esimweni esinjalo kungaphenduka izinkinga ezinkulu.

Leli thuluzi lisetshenziswa kuphela ngendlela yemijovo, okufanele ihanjiswe ngokungaziphathi. Ezinye izinketho azifakiwe. Kucatshangelwa ukuthi kunikezwe imijovo ezindaweni ezithile kuphela - lapho ukuthathwa kwezinto ezisebenzayo kuqhubeka ngokushesha, okuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kwomuthi.

Lezi zindawo zihlanganisa udonga lwesisu lwangaphakathi, ihlombe nethanga. Ukugwema ukuthuthukiswa kwemiphumela emibi, udinga ukuguqula amasayithi womjovo ngaphakathi kwendawo echaziwe, ngaphandle kwalokho into iyeke ukumunwa njengoba kudingeka, okunciphisa ikhwalithi yokwelashwa.

Umthamo wesidakamizwa kumele unqunywe ngokuhlukile. Lokhu kuthonywa yizinto eziningi, kufaka phakathi iminyaka yesiguli, izifo zayo ezengeziwe, uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela njalonjalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umthamo ungashintshwa, uma kunesidingo, endaweni enkulu noma encane. Uchwepheshe kufanele aqaphele inqubekela phambili yokwelashwa, ahlaziye amandla bese eshintsha isheduli yemijovo.

Ukufakwa kwenziwa izikhathi ezi-1 noma ezi-2 ngosuku, okunqunywa ngokusekelwe esithombeni salesi sifo. Kubalulekile ukuthi babanjwe cishe ngasikhathi sinye.

Isifundo sevidiyo sokusebenzisa ipeni lesirinji:

Iziguli Ezikhethekile Nezinkomba

Lapho enquma umuthi, udokotela kufanele abheke ukuthi ukuqaphela kuyadingeka ezigabeni ezithile zeziguli, ngoba umzimba walaba bantu kungenzeka ungaphenduli kulowo muthi njengoba bekuhleliwe.

Lezi ziguli zibandakanya:

1. Izingane. Iminyaka yesiguli ingaphansi kweminyaka engu-6 iyisizathu sokwenqaba ukusebenzisa lo muthi. Ucwaningo ngokubaluleka kokusebenza kwe-insulin Detemir ezinganeni ezincane alwenziwanga, ngakho-ke ungabeki impilo yakho engozini.
2. Abantu abadala. Izinguquko ezihlobene nobudala emzimbeni zingathinta isenzo se-hormone, ngenxa yokuthi isiguli sizoba nokuphazamiseka. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokubeka umuthi, kuyadingeka ukwenza ucwaningo ukuthola ukuthi yiziphi izifo, ngaphandle kwesifo sikashukela, umuntu anazo. Ngicubungule ngokucophelela ukusebenza kwezinso nezinso. Kepha akunakushiwo ukuthi ukuguga kuwukuphula umthetho okuqinile. Ochwepheshe banquma ikhambi leziguli ezinjengale, kepha qapha impilo yabo kakhulu futhi banciphise ingxenye yomuthi.
3. Abesifazane abakhulelwe. Imininingwane yokulimala okungenzeka ngokusetshenziswa kwe-insulin ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ayitholakali. Uma kunesidingo, ithuluzi lingasetshenziswa, kepha kuyadingeka ukulawula izinga loshukela, olungahluka ngokuya kwesikhathi.
4. Isisu. Njengoba i-insulin iyi-protein protein, ukungena kwayo ebisini lobisi akubonwa njengeyingozi kosanda kuzalwa - ungaqhubeka nokusebenzisa i-Levemir, kepha kumele ulandele indlela yokudla futhi ulandele imithamo ebekwe uchwepheshe.

Ukuqapha mayelana nalaba bantu kuzosiza ukuvikela imiphumela emibi ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.

Ukungakhathaleli kungaba yingozi maqondana neziguli ezinenkinga yokusebenza kwesibindi nezinso. I-hormone ithinta umsebenzi wesibindi, yehlisa ukukhiqizwa kweglucose.

Ngokuhluleka kwesibindi, umphumela wesidakamizwa ungaba yi-hypertrophied, okuholela esimweni se-hypoglycemic.

Ukuphazamiseka ezinso kungadala ukubambezeleka kokubambezeleka kwezinto ezisebenzayo emzimbeni. Lesi sici sibangela i-hypoglycemia.

Noma kunjalo, ngezinkinga ezinjalo, zenqaba ukusebenzisa umuthi. Udokotela kufanele acabangele ubulukhuni be-pathology futhi alungise umthamo womuthi ngokuya ngalezi zici.

Imiphumela emibi kanye ne-overdose

Ngesikhathi sokulashwa, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunaka izinguquko ezivelayo. Amandla ashukumisayo abalulekile, kepha ukubonakala kwezimpawu ezingezinhle kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu, njengoba izehlakalo ezimbi zikhombisa izinkinga. Kaningi kubangelwa ukuthi umuthi osetshenzisiwe awulungele isiguli.

Ngemuva kokufunda ukubuyekezwa mayelana nomuthi, ungabona ukuthi phakathi kwemiphumela emibi ejwayelekile ibizwa ngokuthi:

1. I-Hypoglycemia. Ukuvela kwayo kubangelwa umthamo omkhulu kakhulu we-insulin, ngenxa yokuthi umzimba uhlangabezana nokushoda okukhulu koshukela. Lesi simo singabonakala ngezimpawu ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ukulahleka kwengqondo, isicanucanu, i-tachycardia, ukuthuthumela, njll. Amacala aqatha angaphela ngokushona uma isiguli singanikezwa ukwelashwa.
2. Izimpawu zendawo. Ubhekwa njengongenabungozi kakhulu, ngoba kubangelwa ukungakwazi komzimba esenzweni somuthi. Ngemuva kwesikhashana esifushane sokuzivumelanisa nezimo, lokhu kusabela akuguquki. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuvuvukala endaweni yomjovo, ubomvu besikhumba, ukuqubuka.
3. Ukungezwani komzimba. Uma ngaphambili wenze uvivinyo wokuzwela ukwakheka kwalesi sidakamizwa, khona-ke ukusabela komzimba akwenzeki. Kepha lokhu akwenziwa njalo, ngakho-ke, umuntu angathola imivimbo, okhalweni, ukuphefumula, kwesinye isikhathi ngisho nokushaqeka kwe-anaphylactic.
4. Ukulimazeka kokubonakalayo. Ukuvela kwabo kuchazwa ngokuguquguquka kokufundwa kweshukela. Lapho nje iphrofayili ye-glycemic isilungisiwe, ukwephulwa kufanele kuqedwe.

Umgomo wesenzo maqondana nomphumela wecala ngalinye kufanele ukhethwe uchwepheshe. Kwezinye izimo, ukwelashwa okubonakalayo kunqunyelwe, kwezinye, umuthi obekiwe uyakhanselwa.

Ngenxa yalokhu, isimo se-hypoglycemic sokuhlukahluka kwenzeka. Isiguli singalungisa le nkinga ngokudla umkhiqizo ophezulu we-carbohydrate (uma ukubonakaliswa kwe-hypoglycemia kuncane). Esimweni esinzima, ukungenelela kwezokwelashwa kuyadingeka.

Ukuxhumana nezinye izidakamizwa, ama-analogues

Ukukhiqizwa kwesidakamizwa iLevemir kuthonywa kakhulu yinto efana nokuhambisana kwayo nezinye izidakamizwa. Ngokuyinquma, udokotela kufanele athole ukuthi imiphi imithi esetshenziswa yiguli. Ezinye zazo kungaholela ekwehleni kwemiphumela yokuvezwa kwe-insulin.

Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• okokugcoba
• i-sympathomimetics;
• izinhlobo ezithile zezidambisi;
• izidakamizwa ze-hormonal.

Kukhona nohlu lwezidakamizwa ezenza ngcono imiphumela yeLevemir, enomthelela ekutholakaleni kwe-overdose kanye nemiphumela emibi.

Phakathi kwazo:

• ama-sulfonamides;
• ama-beta-blockers;
• I-MAO ne-ACE inhibitors;
• ama-tetracyclines;
• ama-hypoglycemic agents.

Lapho usebenzisa imali engenhla nge-insulin, kuyadingeka ukuguqula umthamo ube mkhulu noma kancane.

Izici eziqhathanisayo ze-insulin Lantus neLevemir:

Akusizi ukuthi ungene esikhundleni seLevemir ngomunye umuthi uwedwa, lokhu kudinga ulwazi olukhethekile onalo onguchwepheshe.

Okuyinhloko phakathi kwezinguqulo yilezi:

1. I-Protafan. Lesi sidakamizwa sithengiswa futhi njengesixazululo. Ingxenye yayo eyinhloko i-insulin Isofan. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo kulungele iziguli ezinomzimba ozwelayo ku-Detemir.
2. Humulin. Simelelwa yisixazululo somjovo esuselwa ku-insulin yomuntu.

Futhi, udokotela angabeka izidakamizwa ze-hypoglycemic zomlomo, ezinomgomo ofanayo wokusebenza, kodwa indlela ehlukile yokusebenzisa.

Umuthi uthengiswa emakhemisi ngenani lama-ruble angama-2500 kuya kwangama-3000. Ukuyithenga, udinga iresiphi.