UMelfor uzisungule emakethe yamakhemikhali ngenxa yomthelela omuhle ekusebenzeni kohlelo lokujikeleza kwegazi. Ngokufana, umuthi usetshenziselwa ukuqeda ukukhathala okungamahlalakhona okuvelile ngemuva kwesizinda sokuxineka ngokomzimba nangokuziphatha. Umuthi usiza ukuvumelanisa ukulethwa kwegazi okujwayelekile endaweni ye-ischemic ye-myocardium, ubuchopho, kanye ne-dystrophic pathologies ese-retina of etiologies ehlukahlukene.
Igama Lezwe elingafanele
IMeldonium.
UMelfor uzisungule emakethe yamakhemikhali ngenxa yomthelela omuhle ekusebenzeni kohlelo lokujikeleza kwegazi.
I-ATX
C01EB.
Khipha amafomu nokwakheka
Umuthi uyatholakala ngezindlela eziningi zemithamo:
- Isixazululo sokufaka.
- Isiraphu sokuphathwa ngomlomo.
- Amakhandlela okusetshenziswa ngomlomo.
Isixazululo
I-1 ml yefomu lomthamo we-liquid liqukethe i-100 mg yento esebenza - i-meldonium, encibilikisiwe emanzini angenalutho wokujova. Isixazululo sokuphatha parabulbarly, intramuscularly and intravenly sithengiswa engilazini yezingilazi ezinomthamo we-5 ml ngesiqeshana noma amayunithi ama-2, 20, 50, 100 emgqeni oqhwakayo.
Amakhandlela
Amakhebuli amhlophe aphekwe ngegobolondo elingaphandle le -gelatin eliqinile liqukethe ingxube ye-powder engu-250 mg meldonium. Amayunithi ezidakamizwa afakwe emabhulashini ama-10-30 izingcezu ngazinye.
Isenzo se-Pharmacological
Umuthi uyisuselwa okwenziwe nge-gamma-butyrobetaine. Umuthi uhloselwe ukuthuthukisa umzimba wonke. Indlela yokusebenza isuselwa ekuvinjelweni kwe-enzyme gamma-butyrobetaine hydroxynase, ngenxa yalokho ukukhiqizwa kwe-carnitine kanye nokungena kwama-acid ama-lipid acid amade kwizakhi zamaseli kuyaphazamiseka. Umuthi uvimbela ukunqwabelana kwezinhlobo ezisebenzayo zama-acid acid (okususelwa ku-acyl coenzyme A ne-acyl carnitine) okungakaze kube nokuvela kokunye okuvela ku-oxidative emzimbeni.
Umuthi uhloselwe ukuthuthukisa umzimba wonke.
Ngokuncipha kwenqwaba ye-plasma ye-carnitine, ukuvela kwe-gamma-butyrobetaine kuqala, okunomphumela wokuphumula ezindongeni ze-vascular. Ngasikhathi sinye, into esebenzayo inomthelela ku:
- ukusebenza okwandisiwe;
- ukuncishiswa ukukhathala ngemuva kwesizinda sokuxineka ngokomzwelo nangokomzimba;
- ukuthuthukiswa kwesenzo senhliziyo;
- kuthuthukisa ukusabela okuhlekisayo nokuzivikela komzimba.
Lapho kukhona i-ischemia, i-meldonium ibandakanyeka ekubuyiselweni kokuhlinzekwa kwegazi endaweni yenqubo ye-pathological kanye nokuhamba kwamandla. Amathishu athola ukufinyelela ku-oxygen ngokwenza kusebenze i-glycolysis ngasikhathi sinye ngaphansi kwezimo ze-anaerobic. Uma kwenzeka isifo senhliziyo esibuhlungu kakhulu, umuthi ubhuqa izindawo ze-necrotic futhi sinciphise isikhathi sokuvuselela umzimba. Ngokuthuthukiswa kokuhluleka kwenhliziyo, ukumelana kwe-myocardial ekhuphukeni kwengcindezi kuyanda, amathuba we-angina pectoris ayancipha, futhi isilinganiso senhliziyo siyanda.
Ngezindlela ezibucayi noma ezingamahlalakhona zengozi ye-cerebrovascular ngesikhathi sokwemukelwa kukaMelfort, i-microcirculation ifakwa emacaleni ezifo zesifo sohlobo lwe-ischemic. Igazi liqala ukusabalalisa kabusha futhi liphilise izicubu ezithintekile.
IMeldonium isetshenziswa kwezokwelapha ukwelapha i-dystrophy ye-opic nerve kanye nemikhumbi ye-fundus. Ngasikhathi sinye, umuthi uvusa isenzo sohlelo oluphambili lwezinzwa futhi uqeda ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa ezigulini ezinezimpawu zokuhoxa notshwala.
I-Pharmacokinetics
Ngemuva kokuphathwa ngomlomo, i-meldonium iqala ukudonswa ngamandla yi-microvilli yethumbu elincanyana lamathumbu. I-bioavailability ngemuva komthamo owodwa ingu-78%.
Ngemuva kokuphathwa ngomlomo, i-meldonium iqala ukudonswa ngamandla yi-microvilli yethumbu elincanyana lamathumbu.
Uma ingena embhedeni we-vascular, ubukhulu bokugcwala kwento esebenzayo ku-plasma yegazi bulungiswa ngemuva kwamahora we-1-2. I-Meldonium iba noguquko kuma-hepatocytes ngokwenziwa kwemikhiqizo emi-2 esebenzayo ye-metabolic eyatholakala ezinso. Ukuqedwa kwesigamu sempilo kuya ngokuqondile kumthamo owemukele - ngethamo elijwayelekile lama-250 mg we-meldonium ngamahora angama-3-6.
Izinkomba zokusetshenziswa
Umuthi uphuzwa ngomlomo bese ufakwa emthanjeni wokwelashwa ezimweni ezilandelayo:
- ukushesha kokuvuselelwa kwezicubu ngemuva kokuhlinzwa;
- ukuhoxa ngemuva kwemvelaphi yotshwala obungamahlalakhona;
- ukwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kokuhluleka kwenhliziyo okuhlala isikhathi eside, isifo senhliziyo esi-coronary, okuhambisana nokufakelwa kwe-myocardial acar kanye ne-angina pectoris;
- ukwehluleka kwe-hormonal nge-cardiomyopathy;
- ukusebenza okuncishisiwe;
- ukwelashwa okuhlanganisiwe kwengozi ye-cerebrovascular;
- ukuvimbela imivimbo, ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-cerebrovascular;
- ukucindezela ngokomzimba, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwabasubathi.
Kusetshenziswa imijovo ye-parabulbar lapho kukhona izifo ezingama-retina ezingapheli, i-thrombosis, hemorrhages yemisuka ehlukahlukene, i-retinopathy, hemophthalmus.
Contraindication
Umuthi uvunyelwe ngokuphelele ukusetshenziswa yiziguli ezinomfutho okhuphuka we-intracranial ngokumelene nesizinda sokuphazamiseka kwe-venous outflow kanye ne-intracranial tumor, ene-tishu hypersensitivity to meldonium.
Ngokunakekela
Kunconywa ukuthi uqaphele ekwelashweni kwesikhathi eside kweziguli ezinezifo zesibindi nezinso.
Ungamthatha kanjani uMelfort
Amakhandlela anconywe ukuba aphuzwe ngomlomo ngaphambi kokudla ekuseni ngenxa yomphumela othokozisayo.
Amakhandlela anconywe ukuba aphuzwe ngomlomo ngaphambi kokudla ekuseni ngenxa yomphumela othokozisayo.
| Lesi sifo | Imodeli yokwelapha | |
| Isixazululo somjovo | Amakhandlela | |
| Ukuqina komzimba okuqinisiwe | Umthamo owodwa - ukuphathwa kwe-5 ml. Isikhathi sokwelashwa siyizinsuku eziyi-10-14. Uma kunesidingo, isifundo singaphindwa ngemuva kwamasonto angama-2-3. | Ama-250 mg amahlandla ama-4 ngosuku izinsuku eziyishumi. Ukwelashwa kuyaphindwa emuva kwamasonto angama-2-3 uma kunesidingo. Abadlali bayanconywa ukuthi baphuze umuthi izikhathi ezi-0,5-1 g ngosuku ngosuku ngaphambi kokuzivocavoca. Ukulungiselela umncintiswano, inkambo yokwelashwa ihlala izinsuku eziyi-14 ukuya kwezi-14, kwezinye izinsuku - isikhathi esijwayelekile. |
| Njengengxenye yokwelashwa okuhlangene kwe-pathologies yenhliziyo | Ku / ku-5-10 ml amaviki ama-2. |
|
| Isigaba esibi ngengozi ye-ischemic cerebrovascular | Imijovo inikezwa kuphela ngokwanda. Ekupheleni komjovo, kulawulwa umuthi ngomlomo wesidakamizwa; ukwethulwa kwe-iv 5 ml ngosuku lwezinsuku ezingama-7-10. Uma kwenzeka ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-cerebrovascular, kubalulekile ukujova umuthi we-IM ngezinsuku eziyi-10-14. | Ukwelashwa kuthatha amasonto angama-4-6, lapho udinga ukuphuza umuthi ongu-500 mg ngosuku. |
| Ukudonswa kotshwala | 5 ml afakwa entanjeni amahlandla ama-2 ngosuku. Inkambo yokwelashwa yizinsuku ezingama-7-10. | Ama-500 mg amahlandla ama-4 ngosuku izinsuku ezingama-7-10. |
| Ukulimala kwe-pathological emikhunjini ye-fundus | Ukufakwa kwama-0.5 ml retrobulbar noma endaweni engaphansi kwe-conjunctiva izinsuku eziyi-10. | Amaphilisi ngeke anikeze umphumela owuthandayo wokwelapha. |
Ngoshukela
Umuthi awuthinti umsebenzi oyimfihlo wamaseli we-pancreatic beta noshukela wegazi, ngakho-ke, ukulungiswa okwengeziwe kweziguli ezinesifo sikashukela akudingekile.
Umuthi awuthinti umsebenzi oyimfihlo wamaseli we-pancreatic beta noshukela wegazi.
Imiphumela emibi uMelfora
Imiphumela emibi evela kwizitho ezahlukahlukene nezinhlelo ingahle ibonakale ngenxa yendlela engalungile yokufaka i-dosing kanye nokunganakwa kwezincomo zokwelashwa.
Amapheshana wesisu
Ezimweni ezingasho njalo, kungenzeka ukuthi kube nezimpawu ze-dyspeptic, isicanucanu, ubuhlungu besisu, ukuhanjiswa yisisu, ukuqunjelwa, ukuqunjelwa.
Izitho zeHematopoietic
Ngokuphathwa ngomlomo, kunengozi yokunciphisa inani lezinto ezakhiwe egazini. Uma kwenzeka ukusabela okungekuhle ohlelweni lokujikeleza kwegazi, i-tachycardia, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, noma i-arterial hypotension kungenzeka.
Isistimu yezinzwa ephakathi
Mhlawumbe ukuthuthukiswa kokuphazamiseka kwengqondo.
Allergies
Ezimweni eziningi, ukuthuthukiswa kokuthuthumela kwe-anaphylactic kanye ne-edema kaQuincke akufinyeleli. Iziguli zingathola ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, ukulunywa kanye ne-erythema.
Umthelela ekhonweni lokulawula izindlela
Ngesikhathi sokulashwa kwezidakamizwa, ukushayela, ezemidlalo okwedlulele, ukusebenza ngamadivayisi ayinkimbinkimbi neminye imisebenzi edinga ukugxilwa namakhono athuthukile wezimoto kuvunyelwe.
Imiyalo ekhethekile
Ekuqhubekeni kwezifundo zemitholampilo kanye nesipiliyoni sokusebenzisa lesi sidakamizwa ngabadokotela bezenhliziyo emisebenzini yezokwelapha, kwatholakala ukuthi i-meldonium ayinakuwubuyisela ngokuphelele umsebenzi womzimba ngokuntuleka komoya okwenzeka kakhulu.
Sebenzisa ebudaleni
Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka yobudala engama-60 akudingeki ukuthi benze ushintsho kunhlobo yokwelashwa.
Isabelo sezingane
Ama-Capsule kanye nesixazululo awanconywa ukuthi asetshenziswe kuze kube yilapho eneminyaka eyi-18 ngenxa yokuntuleka kocwaningo olwanele nolwazi ngemiphumela ye-meldonium ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukisweni kwengane ebuntwaneni, ebusheni. ISyrup ayisetshenziswa kuze kube iminyaka eyi-12.
Sebenzisa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokukhishwa komzimba
Kukhona ubungozi bokungena kwe-meldonium ngokusebenzisa umgoqo we-placental, ngenxa yalokho ukubeka okuphambili kwezicubu nezitho zomzimba ngesikhathi sokukhula kombungu kungaphazamiseka. Umuthi ubekelwe abesifazane abakhulelwe kuphela uma kunengozi empilweni yeziguli edlula ebungozini be-intrauterine pathologies e-fetus.
Ngesikhathi sokulashwa, kuyadingeka ukuyeka ukuncelisa ibele.
Isicelo sokusebenza kokulimala kwezinso
Ukunakekelwa kumele kuthathwe lapho uphuza umuthi ngemuva kokungasebenzi kahle kwezinso.
Sebenzisa umsebenzi wesibindi okhubazekile
Umuthi awunconywa kubantu abanokwehluleka kwesibindi okunzima.
I-overdose Melfora
Ngomthamo owodwa womthamo omkhulu, kunengozi yokwehla komfutho wegazi, isiyezi, i-tachycardia ye-arterial, ubuthakathaka bemisipha, nekhanda. Ukwelashwa kwe-inpatient kwenziwa ukuze kuqedwe izimpawu zomtholampilo zokweqisa. Lapho kuthathwa ngomlomo (amaphilisi, isiraphu), kunconywa ukuthi isiguli sinikezwe amalahle ocushiwe ukuze sinciphise ukumuncwa kwamathumbu amancane.
Ukuxhumana nezinye izidakamizwa
Ngokuphathwa okuhlanganyelwe kweMelfora neminye imithi, lokhu kulandelayo okulandelayo kuyabonakala:
- Umphumela wokwelapha izidakamizwa ze-antianginal, i-glycosides yenhliziyo, ama-ejenti we-hypoglycemic uyathuthukiswa.
- Kukhona ubungozi bokuhlakulela i-tachycardia ne-hypotension lapho uthatha iNifedipine, vasodilators, izidakamizwa ze-antihypertensive, i-alpha-adrenergic blockers, i-Nitroglycerin.
Kukhona ubungozi bokuhlakulela i-tachycardia ne-hypotension ngokusetshenziswa kweNifedipine okuhlangene.
Endabeni yokugcina, ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe.
Ukuhambisana notshwala
Ngesikhathi sokulashwa kwezidakamizwa, akunconywa ukuthi uphuze uphuzo oludakayo. I-Ethanol ivimbela umsebenzi wesistimu yezinzwa ephakathi, inomphumela we-hepatotoxic futhi ikhulisa amathuba okuthi kube nemiphumela emibi. I-ethyl alcohol idala ukushona kwamaseli wesibindi, okunciphisa ukusebenza kahle kweMelfor, futhi kwandise nengozi yokuthuthuka kwamafutha esitho.
Ama-Analog
| Isihloko | Intengo, hlikihla. | Isenzo nokwehluka kusuka kuMelfora |
| Magnikor | 75 | Isisekelo somuthi inhlanganisela ye-acetylsalicylic acid ne-magnesium hydrochloride. Kusetshenziswa ezibhebheni zokwelapha ischemia esibi nesingamahlalakhona. |
| I-Pumpan | 274-448 | Amaconsi namathebulethi eyingxenye yokwelashwa okuhlanganisa ngokumelene ne-hypertension, arrhythmia nezinye izifo zenhliziyo. |
| Cordaflex | 76 | Kutholakala ezibhebheni ezithandekayo. Into esebenzayo yi-nifedipine. Kuyasiza nge-cardiomyopathy, i-myocardial ischemia, umfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye nenkinga ye-hypertensive yobunzima obahlukahlukene. |
| I-Amlipin | 340 | Indlela yokusebenza yesidakamizwa isuselwa kwinhlanganisela ye-lisinopril ne-amlodipine, esetshenziselwa ukwelapha nokuvimbela i-pathologies yenhliziyo. |
| I-Corvitol | 250 | Ikhompiyutha esebenzayo yi-metoprolol, edingekayo ekwelapheni i-angina pectoris, hyperthyroidism, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, ukuqedwa kwezindawo ze-ischemic kanye nokushintshwa kwesilinganiso senhliziyo. |
| Kudesan | 330 | Amaconsi namathebulethi, izakhiwo zamakhemikhali zazo eziboniswa ngenxa ye-ubidecarenone. Zisetshenziselwa i-arrhythmias, ukuze ilulame ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo, ekwelapheni izifo zenhliziyo ezi-coronary. |
| IBisoprolol | 95-115 | Ukwelashwa kwe-angina pectoris, umfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo. |
Imibandela yekhefu lekhemisi
Umuthi uthengiswa emakhemisi kuphela ngokuya ngemiyalelo.
Intengo
Izindleko ezijwayelekile zomuthi zifinyelela kuma-ruble angama-500-560.
Izimo zokugcina zomuthi
Kuyadingeka ukuqukethe isixazululo namaphilisi wesidakamizwa ekushiseni kwe- + 15 ... + 25 ° C endaweni engafinyeleleki kumswakama nokukhanya kwelanga.
Isikhathi sokuphelelwa yisikhathi
Izinyanga ezingama-24.
Umkhiqizi
I-Ozone LLC, eRussia.
Ukubuyekezwa
UMarina Kutina, udokotela wenhliziyo, uRostov-on-Don
Sekuphele iminyaka engu-6 ngisebenza noMelfor. Yabela ukusetshenziswa kwe-intramuscular, intravenous and ngomlomo. Iziguli zibika ukusebenza kungakapheli izinsuku eziyi-10 zokwelashwa. Umphumela wokwelapha ukwandisa ukukhuthazela, ukuqina kwamandla kanye nokujwayelekile kwesistimu ye-senhliziyo. Nginikeza umthamo we-500 mg. Isimo sansuku zonke singakhuphuka ekwelapheni izifo zenhliziyo ezi-coronary, i-retinal dystrophy, i-fundus, i-post-infarction state, i-myocardial dystrophy.Angikukhuthazi ukwamukela ngenhliziyo ekhulayo.
UStepan Rogov, oneminyaka engama-34 ubudala, u-Irkutsk
Udokotela unikeze amaphilisi kaMelfor ngemuva kokungezwani noMildronate. Ngiphuza umuthi izinyanga eziningana ngezifundo ezinde eziphindaphindwayo maqondana nokusebenza ngokujikeleza enyakatho, okudinga ukukhuthazela okukhulu ngokomzimba. Kunezinkinga ezithile zenhliziyo nokukhathala kusuka ekusebenzeni ngokweqile. Lapho uthatha amaphilisi, ukukhathala kuyancipha, ukuhlaselwa kwe-angina akuvami kakhulu, ukuthuthuka komzimba kuyathuthuka. Ngishiya umbono omuhle.
UJulia Gerasimova, oneminyaka engu-27 ubudala, uLipetsk
Ngisebenza esigcini sokugcina amahora angu-12- 12 ngosuku, yingakho ngikhathala ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo. Udokotela unqume amakhompiyutha aseMelfora. Ukwemukelwa - njalo emavikini ama-2. Ithuluzi elisebenzayo lithuthukisa ithoni emzimbeni, lithuthukisa imizwa nokugxilisa ingqondo. Umphumela wesidakamizwa wazizwa ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-2-3 zokuphatha. Amakhandlela athathwe ngokuqinile ngokwemiyalo yokugwema imiphumela emibi.
