I-Amoxiclav isidakamizwa esidumile esinqunyelwe izifo ezahlukahlukene ezidonswa yi-microflora ye-pathogenic. Kwezinye izimo, umuthi awuthathwa ngenxa ye-contraindication. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunobungozi bemiphumela emibi, ngakho-ke xhumana nodokotela onguchwepheshe ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa.
I-ATX
Umuthi unikezwa igama elithi ikhodi J01CR02. Kusho ukuthi umkhiqizo wezamakhambi, ngokuya ngokwamakhemikhali we-anatomical and therapeutic group, umuthi olwa nama-antimicrobial. Ukusetshenziswa kwalo okuhleliwe kuvunyelwe Kungokwe-beta-lactams. Kungokwechungechunge lwe-penicillin. Kufaka phakathi ukuhlanganiswa nezinto ezicindezela i-beta-lactamases.
I-Amoxiclav isidakamizwa esidumile esinqunyelwe izifo ezahlukahlukene ezidonswa yi-microflora ye-pathogenic.
Khipha ifomu nokwakheka kwe-Amoxiclav
Umuthi unokwakheka okuningi. Inezinto ezi-2 eziyinhloko: i-amoxicillin ne-clavulanic acid. Into yokugcina iyasiza ukwandisa isibuko sokuchayeka ku-antibiotic. I-Clavulanic acid ivimbela ukukhishwa kwe-beta-lactamases, evimbela i-amooticillin. Kungenzeka ukusebenzisa i-Amoxiclav ngokumelene namagciwane amaningi we-pathogenic.
Umuthi uthengiswa ngohlobo lwamaphilisi endabuko nalapha, u-powder wokumiswa nokufakwa umjovo.
Amaphilisi
Amathebulethi e-Amoxiclav eza ngemithamo ehlukene. Umthamo we-clavulanic acid (125 mg) uhlala ugcinwa. I-Amoxicillin ingama-250 mg, 500 mg noma ama-875 mg. Amakhandlela abekwa emaphaketheni akhethekile namakhadibhodi amakhadi.
Powder
Okuqukethwe kwe-powdery ye-vials kufaka i-125 mg, 250 mg noma i-400 mg yesithako esikhulu esisebenzayo. I-Clavulanic acid ngesimo samakhompiyutha e-potassium yangezwa ngamanani amancane: 31.25 mg, 62.5 mg, 57 mg. Isakhiwo esingesihle sokumiswa sine-tint emhlophe-ephuzi. Isixazululo somjovo siqukethe i-500 mg noma i-1000 mg ye-amoxicillin ne-100 noma 200 mg ye-potassium clavulanate.
Indlela yokusebenza
Umuthi we-penicillin uvimbela ama-enzyme adingekayo ekwakhekeni kwe-pepdidoglycan. Le yiprotheni ekhethekile eyenza ulwelwesi lwama-bacterium luqine. Njengomphumela wokuvezwa kwe-Amoxiclav, izindonga zama-microorganisms ziyachithwa, i-pathogen iyabulawa.
Kodwa-ke, abanye abamele ama-microflora we-gram-positive ne-gram-negative akhiqiza i-beta-lactamases. Lezi zinto zibopha izingxenye ze-penicillin, ziphazamisa umphumela wokwelapha. E-Amoxiclav, umsebenzi wokuphambuka wenziwa yi-clavulanic acid. Ivimbela i-beta-lactamases, ikhulisa amandla okwelapha we-antibiotic.
I-Pharmacokinetics
Izakhi ezisebenzayo zomuthi zidonswa kalula zisuka emgodini wokugaya ukudla bese zingena ezingxenyeni ezingamanzi ezingokwemvelo, izicubu namaseli womzimba. Ama-70% wezinto ezisebenzayo atholakala ngemuva kwemizuzu engama-60 ngemuva kokuthatha umuthi.
I-Excretion ye-Amoxicillin yenzeka ngohlelo lwe-urinal. I-Clavulanic acid iphulwe esibindini, izinso namathumbu. Ingxenye leyo ikhishwa emchameni nasezindlini.
Izinkomba zokusetshenziswa
I-ejenti elwa namagciwane isetshenziselwa ukuqeda ama-microorganisms abucayi abangela ukutheleleka. Uhlu lwezinkomba lubandakanya:
- Izifo zokuphefumula (i-pharyngitis, i-tonsillitis, i-bronchitis engapheli, inyumoniya, isisulu somphimbo kanye ne-pharynx, i-tonsillitis, i-sinusitis, i-sinusitis, i-sinusitis yangaphambili)
- izinqubo zokutheleleka nokuvuvukala emgudwini womchamo kanye nohlelo lokuzala (i-cystitis, urethritis, cervicitis, endometritis, prostatitis);
- ukutheleleka kwesikhumba nezicubu eziseduze;
- ukulimala kohlelo lwe-musculoskeletal olucasulwe ama-pathogenic agents;
- i-pathology yepheshana le-biliary (cholengitis, cholecystitis);
- ukuvimbela kanye nokwelashwa kwezinkinga ngemuva kokuhlinzwa.
Umuthi unqunywa uchwepheshe ngemuva kwazo zonke izivivinyo ezidingekayo nokucaciswa kokuzwela kwamaseli we-pathogenic kuya ku-amoxicillin.
Contraindication
Umuthi olwa namagciwane akufanele uphathwe ngokungabekezeleli okuthile kuma-penicillin noma ama-cephalosporins. I-Contraindication umsebenzi wezinhlungu obukhulu noma ongamahlalakhona, ukulimala kwesibindi, izinqubo zokuguguleka ezithweni zokugaya kanye nepheshana lokuphanjaniswa.
Umuthi awunikezwa emaphaketheni ezigulini ezincane ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyi-12 nesisindo esingaphansi kwama-40 kg.
Umuthi awunqatshelwe wokutheleleka nge-mononucleosis nama-pathologies ashubile wohlelo lwe-lymphatic. Ukuqapha kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa umuthi ngenkathi ulinde ingane kanye ne-HB.
Ungawuthatha kanjani umuthi
Indlela yokuthatha umenzeli we-antibacterial incike kwifomu lokukhululwa. Amatafula nokumiswa kwenzelwe ukusetshenziswa kwangaphakathi, i-powder yokulungiswa kwesisombululo somjovo isetshenziswa ngokulimala. Ukuqalwa komthamo kanye nesikhathi somuthi kunqunywa udokotela ngokuya ngezici zenkambo yesifo, iminyaka nenhlala-kahle yesiguli.
Ngokutheleleka okungekho lula, abantu abadala nentsha enesisindo esingaphezu kwamakhilogremu anelulekwa ukuthi aphuze ithebhulethi eyi-1 equkethe ama-250 mg we-amoxicillin no-125 mg we-clavulanic acid, kathathu ngosuku. Umuthi uthathwa njalo emahoreni ayi-8. Kwezifo ezinzima zokuvuvukala zohlelo lokuphefumula, umthamo ka-500/25 (625) mg kathathu ngosuku noma ama-875/125 mg amahlandla ama-2 emahoreni angama-24 kufanele uthathwe. Isikhathi sesifundo sinqunywa ngudokotela. Kepha kufanele kungabi ngaphezu kwamasonto ama-2.
Uma i-Amoxiclav inqunyelwe ingane engaphansi kweminyaka engu-12, khona-ke kuvunyelwe ukunikeza isiraphu.
Uma i-Amoxiclav inqunyelwe ingane engaphansi kweminyaka engu-12, khona-ke kuvunyelwe ukunikeza isiraphu. Imithamo incike kwesisindo somzimba nobudala bengane. Imijovo yabantu abadala nezingane kusukela eminyakeni eyi-12 ifakwa esibhedlela njengengxenye yokwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kwezilonda ezinzima ezithathelwanayo zezitho zangaphakathi.
Ngaphambi noma ngemuva kokudla
Amaphilisi we-Amoxiclav anconyelwa ukuba athathwe nokudla ukuze kuncishiswe imiphumela emibi ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla. Ukudla kanyekanye akuchaphazeli ukumuncwa kanye nokwelashwa kwezakhi ezisebenzayo.
Imiphumela emibi
Umuthi olwa namagciwane ungadala ukukhula komzimba omubi. Ezimpawu zokuqala zemiphumela emibi, kufanele wazise udokotela wakho ngezimpawu futhi uma kudingeka, ayeke ukuthatha lo muthi.
Kusuka ohlelweni lomchamo
Umphumela omubi wekhemisi kwizitho zomchamo awunqabile futhi ubonakaliswa ekuthuthukisweni kwe-nephritis ye-interstitial, i-crystalluria ne-hematuria.
Kusuka ohlelweni lwezinzwa oluphakathi
Abantu banekhanda, ukuyaluza okukhathazayo, ukuqwasha, ushintsho ezindleleni zokuziphatha. Ezimweni ezingavamile, ukukholwa kuqaleka. Imvamisa, le miphumela engemihle ibonakaliswa kubantu abanenkinga yokuhluleka kwezinso.
Kusuka ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla
Lapho uthatha i-Amoxiclav, umuntu uzizwa egula, imvamisa kuba nokuhlanza noma uhudo. Lezi zimpawu zingagwenywa uma usebenzisa umuthi ekuqaleni kwasekuseni kwasekuseni. Okuncane okuvame kakhulu yi-stomatitis, i-pseudomembranous noma i-hemorrhagic colitis.
Kusuka ohlelweni lwe-hematopoietic kanye nohlelo lwe-lymphatic
Umuthi ushintsha izinkomba zomtholampilo zegazi. Imvamisa kukhona i-leukopenia, i-thrombocytopenia, i-agranulocytosis noma i-hemolytic anemia. Ukuphendula okungalungile kohlelo lwe-hematopoietic kuguqulwa futhi kudlule ngokushesha ngemuva kokuthi umuthi ukhanseliwe.
Ukungezwani komzimba
Umuthi wePenicillin ubangela ukugoba, ukulunywa kwesikhumba, i-erythema nezinye izindlela ezihlukahlukane zendawo.
Imiyalo ekhethekile
Ngesikhathi sokulashwa, kunconywa ukuqapha ukubalwa kwegazi, kanye nokubheka umsebenzi wesibindi, izinso nenhliziyo. Lapho kukhona ama-pathologies alezi zitho zomzimba, kuyadingeka ukwehlisa umthamo womuthi noma unikeze okukhethekile komunye umuthi olwa namagciwane.
Ukuphendula okubabazekayo nokuzwela okwengeziwe kwe-penicillin akubandakanywa. Kukho konke ukwelashwa, udinga ukugcina umbuso wokuphuza nokulawula ama-diresis.
Ngalo lonke ukwelashwa nge-Amoxiclav, udinga ukugcina irejimendi yokuphuza.
Sebenzisa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokukhishwa komzimba
Izakhi zomenzeli we-antibacterial ziyakwazi ukungena emgoqweni we-placental. Izifundo zemitholampilo ezilwaneni zikhombisile ukuthi izinto ezisebenzayo ze-Amoxiclav azikhuthazi ukungahambi kahle kwengane.
Kodwa-ke, imiphumela yokuhlolwa okugcwele okubandakanya abesifazane abakhulelwe ayitholakali. Ngakho-ke, isinqumo sokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi uthathe i-antibiotic ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa senziwa udokotela, ngokuqondiswa umthetho wokuthi inzuzo engaba khona kumama idlula engcupheni yengane. Ezimweni ezinjalo, umuthi ungabekwa kuphela kusukela ku-2nd trimester.
Ngenkathi yokuqunjelwa, uma kunesidingo, ukwelashwa okulapha izinsana ngemithi kufanele kudluliselwe ekunakekelweni kokudla okwenziwe ngokungemthetho.
I-Alcohol ayihambelani ne-Amoxiclav. I-Alcohol yenza buthaka umphumela wokwelapha futhi ithuthukise imiphumela emibi. Umuthi wehlisa ijubane lokuphendula kwe-psychomotor, ngakho-ke, umthelela omubi wokushayela imoto neminye imishini eyinkimbinkimbi ayikhishwa.
Ungayinikeza kanjani izingane i-Amoxiclav
Ezinganeni ezincane, i-powder yokumiswa kuhloswe. Okuqukethwe ku-vial kuthululelwa ngamanzi abilisiwe endaweni yokushisa yasekamelweni, kuvalwe ngokuqinile futhi kunyakaziswe kuze kube yilapho kwakheka inqwaba ye-homogeneous.
Ezinganeni ezincane, i-powder yokumiswa kuhloswe.
Izingane ezisuka ezinyangeni ezi-3 zinikezwa ama-20 mg / kg izikhathi ezi-2 ngosuku. Umthamo wansuku zonke akufanele udlule ku-45 mg / kg. Ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwengane.
Intsha eneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-12 ubudala futhi enesisindo esingaphezu kwama-40 kg ingaphuza amaphilisi ngemuva kokubonana nodokotela.
Ukweqisa
Ukweqisa imithamo evumelekile yesidakamizwa kubangela isicanucanu nokuhlanza. Ukuqunjelwa kungenzeka kubantu abanesifo sezinso esingelapheki. Ezimweni ezingavamile, ukudideka kwenzeka, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuhlangana kwemithambo.
Ayikho i-antidote ethile. Emahoreni angama-4 okuqala ngemuva kokuphuza umuthi, kwenziwa i-gastric lavage. Ikhabhoni esebenzayo ivunyelwe ukubambezela ukumuncwa kwezithako ezisebenzayo. Ngemuva kwalokho ukwelashwa okubonakalayo kwenziwa. Azange kube namacala abulalayo avela kwi-overdose ye-Amoxiclav.
Ukuxhumana nezinye izidakamizwa
Ukufakwa kwe-antibiotic kuyancishiswa lapho kuhlanganiswa nama-antacid, ama-aminoglycosides, kanye nama-laxatives. Izidakamizwa ezingezona ezama-hormonal ezilwa nokuvuvukala nezidakamizwa ze-diuretic ezivimbela ukugcinwa kweshubhu zandisa ukugcwala kwe-amoxicillin. I-Metatrexate ithuthukisa umphumela wayo onobuthi ngaphansi kwethonya lomuthi.
I-antibiotic ayisetshenziswa ngama-anticoagulants ngenxa yengozi yokopha.
Ukusebenza okwelapha kwe-Amoxiclav kuyancipha uma kusetshenziswa ndawonye ngama-macrolides, ama-sulfonamides kanye nama-tetracyclines.
Ekuphenduleni ngemithi equkethe i-mycophenolate mofetil, amathuba okuqhekeka nokuqothuka kokugcina ancishisiwe. Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-amoxicillin ne-clavulanic acid ngesigamu kunciphisa ukuqoqwa komkhiqizo oyinhloko wokuwohloka - i-mycophenolic acid.
Ama-Analog
Okufanayo ne-Amoxiclav ezingxenyeni eziphambili yi-Augmentin. ESwitzerland, ukukhishwa kwe-Amoxiclav Quiktab, okucishe kufane nokwakheka, sekuyisikhathi eside kusungulwe. I-Sumamed isondelene naleli gciwane ngemiphumela yokwelashwa kanye nendlela yokusebenza kumaseli wegciwane. Kungokweqembu le-macrolide. Kodwa-ke, i-azithromycin esetshenziswayo inesibuko esikhulu sezenzo.
Imibandela yekhefu lekhemisi
Ngokusebenzisa umuthi. Lo mbhalo ugcwaliswa ngesi-Latin ekhombisa isilinganiso semithako yezithako ezisebenzayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka ukukhombisa igama lokuhweba ukuze usokhemisi anikeze umuthi oyifunayo, hhayi i-analogue yawo.
Ngingakwazi ukuthenga ngaphandle kadokotela
Imithi elwa namagciwane ngeke ithathwe ngaphandle kokubonana nodokotela, ngakho-ke akunakwenzeka ukuthenga umuthi ngaphandle kadokotela.
Intengo ye-Amoxiclav
Izindleko zomuthi zincike kumenzi, uhlobo lokukhululwa kanye nomthamo.
Intengo ephakathi isukela kuma-ruble (amaphilisi) ayi-120 kuya kuma-ruble ayi-850 (impuphu okwenziwe kuyo isixazululo somujovo).
Izimo zokugcina zomuthi
Umuthi ugcinwa ungatholakali ezinganeni. Kuyadingeka ukuthi amazinga okushisa egumbi agcinwe endaweni yokugcina, umswakama ophezulu kanye nokuvezwa ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo kulungiselelo akufanele kuvunyelwe. Ukumiswa okuqediwe kufanele kugcinwe esiqandisini.
Kuyadingeka ukuthi izinga lokushisa lekamelo ligcinwe endaweni yokugcina izidakamizwa.
Impilo yeshelf ye-Amoxiclav yezidakamizwa
Iminyaka emi-2 I-powder eyonakele kumele isetshenziswe kungakapheli isonto.
Ukubuyekezwa kodokotela neziguli ku-Amoxiclav
U-Yaroslav, oneminyaka engama-46, Magnitogorsk
I-antibiotic eshibhile esebenza kahle kwezifo zokuphefumula ezingelula. Emsebenzini wami wezokwelapha, ngivame ukukunikeza iziguli ezinomlando wezifo ezingamahlalakhona, ngoba umuthi uphephile ngangokunokwenzeka.
U-Elizabeth, oneminyaka engama-30, uGatchina
Konke kwaqala njengomkhuhlane ongenabungozi. Ngemuva kwesonto, izimpawu azange zisuke, kwavela ukucinana kwamakhala, kwaba nokushisa okuncane. Udokotela otolaryngologist unqume le antibiotic kumthamo ka-500/25 mg izikhathi ezi-2 ngosuku. Ngemuva kwezinye izinsuku ezi-5, umunxa oluhlaza obukhulu wageleza uphuma ekhaleni, kwaba nokukhwehlela kwesifuba okunamandla. Kwavela ukuthi le antibiotic kuleli dosage ayisebenzi. I-sinusitis enzima ne-sinusitis yangaphambili yaqala. Kwadingeka ngishintshele isidakamizwa esinamandla. Ngicabanga ukuthi amaphilisi aphelelwe yisikhathi futhi awasizi ngalutho, ngiyazisola ukuthi ngachitha isikhathi nempilo.
U-Arina, oneminyaka engama-28 ubudala, uChelyabinsk
Ugula umphimbo obuhlungu muva nje. Isimo sasisibi: umkhuhlane ophakeme, umphimbo onzima, i-migraine kanye nobuthakathaka. Kwakungekho mandla okuphuma embhedeni. Kwabizwa udokotela endlini. Kusindiswe yi-Amoksiklav. Akubizi, ngokushesha kulwa nokutheleleka. Ayikho imiphumela emibi. Ngijabule ngaleli thuluzi.
