UHLELO LWE-ENDOCRINE: KUYINI, IZIFO, UKUPHAZAMISEKA, IMISEBENZI, UKWAKHEKA - ISIFO SIKASHUKELA

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Umzimba wethu unezitho eziningi nezinhlelo, empeleni kuyindlela yemvelo eyingqayizivele. Ukuze utadishe umzimba womuntu ngokuphelele, udinga isikhathi esiningi. Kodwa ukuthola umbono ojwayelekile akulula kangako. Ikakhulu uma uyidinga ukuqonda noma yikuphi ukugula kwakho.

Ukufihlwa kwangaphakathi

Igama elithi "endocrine" uqobo livela kwisisho sesiGrikhi futhi lisho ukuthi "ukugqamisa ngaphakathi." Lolu hlelo lomzimba womuntu luvame ukusinikeza wonke amahomoni esingawadinga.

Ngenxa yohlelo lwe-endocrine, izinqubo eziningi zenzeka emizimbeni yethu:

ukukhula, ukuthuthukiswa okuphelele:
umzimba;
ukukhiqizwa kwamandla;
umsebenzi ohlanganisiwe wazo zonke izinhlaka zangaphakathi nezinhlelo;
ukulungiswa kokuphazamiseka okuthile ezinqubweni zomzimba;
isizukulwane semizwelo, ukuphathwa kokuziphatha.

Ukubaluleka kwama-hormone kukhulu

Kakade ngalowo mzuzu, lapho iseli elincanyana liqala ukukhula ngaphansi kwenhliziyo yowesifazane - umntwana ongakazalwa - ngama-hormone alawula le nqubo.

Ukwakhiwa kwalezi zinhlanganisela kubalulekile kithi ngokoqobo kukho konke. Ngisho nokuwela othandweni.

Ngabe uhlelo lwe-endocrine luqukethe ini?

Izitho eziphambili zohlelo lwe-endocrine yilezi:

indlala yegilo kanye ne-thymus;
i-pineal gland kanye ne-pituitary gland;
izindlala ze-adrenal;
pancreas
amasende emadodeni noma amaqanda kwabesifazane.

Zonke lezi zitho zomzimba (izindlala) zingamaseli e-endocrine ehlangene. Kepha emizimbeni yethu, cishe kuwo wonke izicubu, kunamaseli ngamanye futhi akhiqiza ama-hormone.

Ukuze uhlukanise phakathi kwamaseli e-secretory ahlangene futhi ahlakazekile, uhlelo lonke lwe-endocrine yabantu luhlukaniswe lwaba:

glandular (kufaka nezindlala ze-endocrine)
faka (kule ndaba sikhuluma ngamaseli ngamanye).

Yimiphi imisebenzi yezitho namaseli wohlelo lwe-endocrine?

Impendulo yalo mbuzo isetafuleni elingezansi:

Okuhlelekile	Yini ebhekene
I-Hypothalamus	Ukulawulwa kwendlala, ukoma, ukulala. Kuthunyelwa imiyalo ku-pituitary gland.
Isikhumba sendawo	Ikhipha ama-hormone okukhula. Ngokubambisana ne-hypothalamus ixhumanisa ukuxhumana kwe-endocrine nohlelo lwezinzwa.
I-thyroid, i-parathyroid, i-thymus	Lawula izinqubo zokukhula nokuthuthuka komuntu, umsebenzi wezinzwa zakhe, izivikeli mzimba nezinhlelo zemoto.
Amanyikwe	Ukulawulwa kweshukela egazini.
I-Adrenal cortex	Lawula umsebenzi wenhliziyo, nemithambo yegazi ilawula izinqubo ze-metabolic.
Ama-Gonads (ama-testes / amaqanda)	Kukhiqizwa amaseli ocansi, abhekele izinqubo zokuzala.

Lapha kuchazwa "umkhawulo wemfanelo" wezinhlayiya ezinkulu zokucekelwa kwangaphakathi, okungukuthi, izinhlaka ze-glandular ES.
Izitho zohlelo lwe-endocrine ye -useuse zenza imisebenzi yazo, futhi endleleni amaseli e-endocrine okuwo agcwele lapho kukhiqizwa ama-hormone. Lezi zitho zibandakanya isibindi, isisu, ubonda, amathumbu nezinso. Kuzo zonke lezi zitho zomzimba, kwenziwa ama-hormone ahlukahlukene aqondisa imisebenzi “yabanikazi” uqobo futhi abasize basebenzisane nomzimba womuntu wonke.

Kuyaziwa manje ukuthi izindlala zethu namaseli ngamanye kukhiqiza cishe izinhlobo ezingamashumi amathathu zama-hormone ahlukahlukene. Zonke zikhishwa ziye egazini ngamanani ahlukahlukene nangezikhathi ezihlukile. Eqinisweni, sibonga ama-hormone kuphela.

Uhlelo lwe-Endocrine nesifo sikashukela

Uma umsebenzi wanoma yikuphi i-endocrine gland ikhubazekile, khona-ke izifo ezahlukahlukene zenzeka

Zonke zithinta impilo nempilo yethu. Kwezinye izimo, ukukhiqizwa okungafanele kwama-hormone kuguqula ubuso bomuntu. Isibonelo, ngaphandle kwe-hormone yokukhula, umuntu ubukeka emfushane, futhi umuntu wesifazane ngaphandle kokukhula kahle kwamaseli wegciwane ngeke abe ngumama.

Ama-pancreas aklanyelwe ukukhiqiza i-insulin ye-hormone. Ngaphandle kwawo, ushukela awunakubhidlizwa emzimbeni. Ngohlobo lokuqala lwesifo, ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin kuncane kakhulu, futhi lokhu kuphazamisa izinqubo ezijwayelekile ze-metabolic. Uhlobo lwesibili sikashukela lisho ukuthi izitho zangaphakathi ngokoqobo zenqaba ukumunca i-insulin.

Ukuphazamiseka kwe-glucose metabolism emzimbeni kubangela izinqubo eziningi eziyingozi. Isibonelo:

Akukho ukuwohloka koshukela okwenzekile emzimbeni.
Ukucinga amandla, ubuchopho bunikeza isibonakaliso sokweqiwa kwamafutha.
Ngesikhathi sale nqubo, hhayi kuphela i-glycogen edingekayo, kodwa futhi nezinto ezikhethekile - ama-ketones.
Imizimba yeKetone inobuthi ngokweqiniso egazini nasengqondweni yomuntu. Umphumela ongathandeki kakhulu ukukhohlisa kwesifo sikashukela nokufa.

Impela, leli icala elibi kakhulu. Kepha lokhu kungenzeka impela ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo II.

I-Endocrinology kanye nesigaba sayo esikhethekile, isifo sikashukela, senza ucwaningo lwe-mellitus yesifo sikashukela nokufuna ukwelashwa okusebenzayo.

Manje umuthi okwamanje awazi ukuthi ungawenza kanjani ama-pancreas, ngakho-ke uhlobo lokuqala lwesifo sikashukela luphathwa kuphela nge-insulin therapy. Kepha noma yimuphi umuntu ophilile angenza lukhulu ukuze angaguli isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Uma lokhu kusenzeka, manje umuntu onesifo sikashukela angaba nempilo enezithelo futhi enempilo ngaphandle kokusongela njalo enhlalakahleni nasekuphileni, njengoba kwenzeka eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule nangaphambilini.

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