I-CHOLESTEROL: KONKE OKUDINGEKA UKWAZI - ISIFO SIKASHUKELA

Send

Ngabe i-cholesterol ilungile noma imbi?

I-cholesterol iyinto edingekayo ekwakhekeni kwezitho zamangqamuzana. Inikeza ukuqina nokuqina kwazo, okusho amandla okuthola izakhamzimba.

Lokhu okunamafutha kuyadingeka kithi:

ukwakheka kwamavithamini D;
ngokuhlanganiswa kwamahomoni: i-cortisol, i-estrogen, i-progesterone, i-testosterone;
ukwenziwa kwama-bile acid.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-cholesterol ivikela amangqamuzana egazi abomvu emithini eyi-hemolytic. Futhi nokho: i-cholesterol iyingxenye yamaseli obuchopho kanye nemicu yezinzwa.

Umzimba udinga i-cholesterol ngamanani athile.

Inani elikhulu kangaka lemisebenzi ebalulekile lingenziwa kuphela ngento ewusizo. Kungani-ke abezindaba bekhuluma ngobungozi be-cholesterol futhi banciphise ukusetshenziswa kwayo? Kungani i-cholesterol ephezulu ingathandeki njengoshukela ophezulu kwabanesifo sikashukela? Ake sibheke lolu daba, sibheke izinhlobo ze-cholesterol nemiphumela yazo emzimbeni wesifo sikashukela.

I-cholesterol nokushibilika kwemithambo yegazi

Nali iqiniso elithandekayo labasekeli bokudla kwe-cholesterol: ama-80% e-cholesterol enziwe emzimbeni womuntu (ngamaseli wesibindi). Futhi kuphela ama-20% asele aqhamuka ekudleni.

Ukukhiqizwa kwe-cholesterol okwandayo kwenzeka emzimbeni ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile. Lapho imikhumbi ilahlekelwa ukuqina kumaseli wesibindi, kukhiqizwa inani elithile le-cholesterol. Ihlala kuma-microcracks futhi iwagaye, ivikele ukuqhuma okwengeziwe kwezicubu zemithambo.

Ukwanda kosayizi nenani le-cholesterol amana kulimaza ukukhanyiselwa kwemithambo futhi kuphazamise ukuhamba kwegazi. Imithambo yegazi engenakonakala egcwele ama-cholesterol plaques ibanga ukushayeka kwenhliziyo, imivimbo, ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo nezinye izifo zemithambo.

Nge-cholesterol ephezulu, kubalulekile ukucabanga kabusha ngendlela yokuphila futhi ulahle imiphumela yezizathu ezinciphisa ukuqina kwemithambo yegazi, kwakheka ama-microcracks futhi ngaleyo ndlela kubangele ukukhiqizwa kwe-cholesterol esibindini somuntu:

Ukukhuluphala nokusetshenziswa kwamafutha we-trans.
Ukuntuleka kwefayibha ekudleni nasemathunjini.
Ukungasebenzi.
Ukubhema, utshwala nobunye ubuthi obungamahlalakhona (ngokwesibonelo, ukuphuma kwezimoto kwezimboni nasemadolobheni, ubuthi bendawo - - umanyolo kwimifino, izithelo namanzi asemhlabathini).
Ukuntuleka kokudla kwezicubu zemithambo (amavithamini, ikakhulukazi u-A, C, u-E no-P, ukulandelela izinto nezinye izinto zokwenziwa kabusha kweseli).
Inani elikhulayo lama-radicals wamahhala.
Isifo sikashukela mellitus. Isiguli esinesifo sikashukela sihlala sithola inani elithile le-cholesterol egazini.

Kungani imikhumbi ihlushwa yisifo sikashukela futhi kukhiqizwa inani elikhulayo lezinto ezinamafutha?

Isifo sikashukela ne-cholesterol: kwenzeka kanjani lokhu?

Ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, izinguquko zokuqala ezingenampilo emikhunjini yomuntu. Igazi elimnandi linciphisa ukuqina kwabo futhi lenyusa ukubabaza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ushukela ukhiqiza inani elikhulayo lama-radicals wamahhala.

Ama-radicals wamahhala ngamaseli anamsebenzi wamakhemikhali aphezulu. Le yi-oksijini, elahlekelwe i-elektroni eyodwa futhi yaba ngumenzeli osebenzayo oxidizing. Emzimbeni womuntu, ama-radical oxidizing adingekayo ukulwa nezifo.

Esikhathini sikashukela, ukukhiqizwa kwama-radicals mahhala kukhuphuka kakhulu. Ukuqina kwemithambo yegazi nokunciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi kwenza izinqubo zokuvuvukala emithanjeni nasezithanjeni ezizungezile. Ibutho lama-free radicals enza ukulwa ne-foci yokuvuvukala okungapheli. Ngakho-ke, kwakhiwa ama-microcracks amaningi.

Imithombo yama-radicals esebenzayo ayikwazi ukuba ngama-molecule we-oksijini kuphela, kodwa futhi ne-nitrogen, chlorine ne-hydrogen. Isibonelo, emsini wentuthu kagwayi, kuhlanganiswa izinhlanganisela ezisebenzayo ze-nitrogen nesibabule, zichitha (oxidize) amaseli wamaphaphu.

Ukulungiswa kwe-Cholesterol: Okuhle nokubi

Indima ebalulekile enqubweni yokwakhiwa kwama-cholesterol deposits idlalwa ngokuguqulwa kwento enamafutha. I-Chemical cholesterol ngotshwala obunamafutha. Akuncibilikisi ku-ketshezi (egazini, emanzini). Egazini lomuntu, i-cholesterol ihlangana namaprotheni. Amaprotheni athile lawo angabathuthi bama-cholesterol molecule.

I-cholesterol eyinkimbinkimbi namaprotheni ahamba ngawo abizwa nge- lipoprotein. E-terminology yezokwelapha, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zemikhakha ehlukanisiwe:

umthamo omkhulu we-lipoproteins (HDL). Isisindo esiningi se-molecule egazini, musa ukwakheka kokuqala noma ukubeka ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi (cholesterol plaques). Ukuze kube lula ukuchaza, lo mnotho we-cholesterol-protein omkhulu ophakeme ubizwa ngokuthi "muhle" noma i-alpha-cholesterol.
density lipoproteins (LDL). Isisindo esincane se-molecule egazini futhi sithambekele ekushayaneni kwezulu. Bakha okubizwa ngokuthi yi-cholesterol plaque ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi. Le yinkimbinkimbi ibizwa nge- "bad" noma i-beta cholesterol.

Izinhlobo "ezinhle" nezithi "ezimbi" ze-cholesterol kumele zibe segazini lomuntu ngamanani athile. Benza imisebenzi ehlukene. "Okuhle" - isusa i-cholesterol kwizicubu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ithumba i-cholesterol eyeqile futhi iyisuse emzimbeni (ngokusebenzisa amathumbu). "Okubi" - kuthuthela i-cholesterol kwizicubu zokwakhiwa kwamaseli amasha, ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone nama-bile acid.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-cholesterol

Ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha okunikeza imininingwane mayelana nenani le-cholesterol “enhle” ne “embi” egazini lakho ibizwa ngokuthi ukuhlola kwegazi lipid. Umphumela walokhu kuhlaziywa ubizwa iphididi le-lipid. Ibonisa inani le-cholesterol ephelele nokuguqulwa kwayo (i-alpha ne-beta), kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-triglycerides.

Inani eliphelele le-cholesterol egazini kufanele libe ku-3-5 mol / L kumuntu ophilile aze afike ku-4.5 mmol / L esigulini esinesifo sikashukela.

Ngasikhathi sinye, ama-20% esamba esiphelele se-cholesterol kufanele abalwe yi-lipoprotein “enhle” (ukusuka ku-1.4 kuye ku-2 mmol / L kwabesifazane futhi ukusuka ku-1,7 kuye ku-mol / L kwabesilisa).
Ama-70% e-cholesterol ephelele kufanele alethwe ku-lipoprotein “embi” (aze afike ku-4 mmol / l, kungakhathalekile ubulili).

Ukuqhubeka ngokweqile kwenani le-beta-cholesterol kuholela ku-vasher atherosulinosis (okuningi ngalesi sifo kungatholakala kulesi sihloko). Ngakho-ke, iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela i-mellitus zithatha lolu vivinyo njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha (ukuthola ubungozi bezinkinga ze-vascular futhi zithathe izinyathelo ezifika ngesikhathi zokunciphisa i-LDL egazini).

Ukuntuleka kwanoma imuphi ama-cholesterols kuyingozi nje ngokweqile kwabo. Ngamanani angenele we- "high" alpha-cholesterol, inkumbulo nokucabanga kubuthakathaka, kuvela ukudangala. Ngokuntuleka kwe-beta cholesterol "ephansi", ukuphazamiseka ekuthuthweni kwe-cholesterol kwifomu yamaseli, okusho ukuthi izinqubo zokwenziwa kabusha, ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone ne-bile kunciphisa, ukugaya ukudla kuyinkimbinkimbi.

Isifo Sikashukela kanye Ne-cholesterol Ukudla

Umuntu uthola ngokudla kuphela ama-20% kholesterol. Ukunciphisa i-cholesterol kumenyu akuvimbi njalo ukufakwa kwe-cholesterol. Iqiniso ngukuthi kwimfundo yabo, akwanele nje ukuba ne-cholesterol "embi". I-Microdamage emikhunjini lapho ifomu le-cholesterol lifaka khona isidingo.

Esikhathini sikashukela, izinkinga ze-vascular ziwumphumela wokuqala wesifo.

Abantu abanesifo sikashukela kumele babe ngamanani amancane emafutheni angena emzimbeni wakhe. Futhi ukhethe ngokufanele izinhlobo zezinto ezinamafutha ekudleni, ungadli amafutha ezilwane nemikhiqizo enamafutha we-trans. Nalu uhlu lwemikhiqizo edinga ukukhawulelwa kumenyu yesiguli enesifo sikashukela:

Inyama enamafutha (ingulube, iwundlu), ukudla kwasolwandle okunamafutha (i-caviar ebomvu, i-shrimp) ne-offal (isibindi, izinso, inhliziyo) kukhawulelwe. Ungadla inkukhu yokudla, inhlanzi enamafutha amancane (i-hake, i-cod, i-pike perch, i-pike, i-flounder).
Amasoseji, inyama ebhemayo, inyama ekheniwe nenhlanzi, imayonesi (equkethe amafutha ama-trans) ayafakwa.
I-confectionery, ukudla okusheshayo nama-chips akufakiwe (imboni yokudla yanamuhla isebenza ngesisekelo samafutha ashibhile noma uwoyela wesundu oshibhile).

Yini isifo sikashukela emafutheni:

Amafutha emifino (i-sunflower, i-lined, i-olive, kodwa hhayi i-palm - aqukethe amafutha amaningi agcwele nama-carcinogens, hhayi i-soy - izinzuzo zika-oyili we-soya zincishiswa amandla akhe okuqina egazi).
Imikhiqizo yobisi enamafutha amancane.

Izinyathelo zokunciphisa i-cholesterol kushukela

Umsebenzi womzimba;
ukwenqaba ukuzikhipha ubuthi;
ukukhawulwa kwamafutha kwimenyu;
ukunyuka kwe-fiber kumenyu;
ama-antioxidants, ukulandelela izinto, amavithamini;
kanye nokulawulwa okuqinile kwama-carbohydrate ekudleni ukuze kuncishiswe inani loshukela egazini kanye nokwenza ngcono ukuqina kwemithambo yegazi.

Amavithamini angama-antioxidants anamandla (amavithamini kanye nesidingo sawo sansuku zonke, bheka le ndatshana). Balawula inani lama-radicals wamahhala (qiniseka ukuthi ukulinganisa kokuphendula kwe-redox). Esikhathini sikashukela, umzimba uqobo awukwazi ukubhekana nenani elikhulu lama-oxidizing agents (ama-radicals).

Usizo oludingekayo kufanele luqinisekise ubukhona bezinto ezilandelayo emzimbeni:

I-antioxidant enamandla ihlanganiswe emzimbeni - i-glutathione engamanzi encibilikayo. Ikhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca ngokomzimba lapho kukhona amavithamini B.
Kutholwe kusuka ngaphandle:
- amaminerali (i-selenium, i-magnesium, ithusi) - ngemifino nokusanhlamvu;
- amavithamini E (imifino, imifino, i-bran), C (izithelo ezimuncu namajikijolo);
- ama-flavonoids (khawulela inani le-cholesterol "ephansi" - etholakala ezithelo zikawolintshi.

Iziguli zesifo sikashukela zidinga ukuqashwa njalo kwezinqubo ezahlukahlukene. Kuyadingeka ukukala izinga loshukela egazini, i-acetone kumchamo, umfutho wegazi kanye nenani le-cholesterol "ephansi" egazini. Ukulawulwa kwe-cholesterol kuzovumela ukuzimisela okufika ngesikhathi kokubukeka kwe-atherosulinosis futhi kuthathe izinyathelo zokuqinisa imithambo yegazi nokudla okufanele.

Send