THAYIPHA IMITHI YESIFO SIKASHUKELA SESI-2 - IZINDLELA NEZINDLELA ZOKWELASHWA

Send

Isifo sikashukela sohlobo II sihlobo esivame kakhulu se-metabolic pathology. Kunemithi eminingi (kulokhu, kumathebulethi) anqunywa odokotela ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo II: kubalulekile kuwo wonke umuntu onesifo sikashukela nomuntu onesifiso sokuthola lesi sifo ukusiqonda noma okungenani abe nombono ojwayelekile mayelana namathebulethi anjalo.

Ulwazi olujwayelekile lwesifo sikashukela

Ukwelapha isifo sikashukela inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi kwesinye isikhathi ehlala impilo yonke.

Esikhathini esisheshayo lapho sithola lesi sifo, odokotela banquma imishanguzo. Esigabeni sokuqala, umphumela wokwelapha wenziwa kusetshenziswa umsoco wokudla, ukulungiswa kwendlela yokuphila, kanye nezinye izinqubo. Kodwa-ke, akuvamile ukuthi ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 okuqhubekayo kusatshalaliswe ngokwelashwa kwezidakamizwa.

Ngaphezu kwe-insulin, amaqembu alandelayo wezidakamizwa asetshenziswa:

Amapilisi akhulisa ukuzwela kwamaseli emiphumeleni ye-insulin;
Izivuseleli ze-pancreatic
Amaphilisi avimba ukumunca ushukela;
Amaphilisi alawula iphango futhi athinta izindawo ezithile zobuchopho;
Izidakamizwa zohlobo lwakamuva eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Izidakamizwa ezibhebhekile zingaba nemiphumela yokwelapha kuphela lapho kukhona isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.

Ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-I akusho ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwande kwezidakamizwa ngaphandle kwe-insulin. Ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu, amaphilisi anjengeSiofor noma i-Glucofage asetshenziselwa uhlobo lwe-1 sikashukela ezigulini ezinokukhuluphala. Kunoma yikuphi, impikiswano inqunywa udokotela oholayo.

Imithi ekhulisa ukuzwela kwe-insulin: izici nezakhiwo

Ezigulini eziningi ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo II, i-insulin yenziwa ngamanani anele, noma ngisho nangaphezu kokujwayelekile. Inkinga ukuzwela okuphansi kwamaseli kule hormone. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi yi-insulin ukumelana, futhi ukulungiswa kwaso kungenye yemisebenzi eyinhloko yokwelapha izidakamizwa.

Izidakamizwa ezifanele kakhulu nezithandwayo zohlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela ngamathebulethi akhulisa ukuzwela kwe-insulin kwamangqamuzana.

Amathebhulethi anjalo amelelwa ngamaqembu ama-2 emithi:

nguyenkungu
ama-biguanides.

Iqembu ngalinye lezidakamizwa linezithiyo zalo kanye nezinzuzo zalo, esizokucabanga ngendlela enemininingwane eminingi.

I-Thiazolidinediones

I-Thiazolidinediones inemiphumela elandelayo yokwelashwa:

Yehlisa ubungozi bezinkinga ze-vascular;
Yehlisa ubungozi be-hypoglycemia;
Thuthukisa ukwakheka kwegazi (ikakhulukazi, i-lipid spectrum);
Banomphumela wokuvikelwa kumaseli we-beta wamanyikwe;
Zingasetshenziselwa izinjongo zokuvimbela abantu abane-prediabetes kanye nokungabekezeleli glucose.

Okubi ngale mithi yile:

Isisindo sokuthola;
Ukuvuvukala kwemilenze;
Ingozi eyandayo yokuqaqanjelwa kwamathambo, futhi ngenxa yalokho - ukwaphuka kwamathambo kwabesifazane ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini;
Isigaba eside sokuqala ngaphandle komphumela omenyezelwe enkambweni yokuphuza amaphilisi;
Izindleko eziphakeme.

Izidakamizwa zaleli qembu zifakwe kubantu abanezifo zesibindi, ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo nesifo senhliziyo, iziguli ezinomkhuba we-edema, kanye nabesifazane abakhulelwe nababambekile. Awukwazi ukuhlanganisa lesi sidakamizwa ne-insulin.

Izidakamizwa ze-thiazolidinedione ezidume kakhulu yilezi:

I-pioglar, aka Pioglaraz (Pyoglar) - izindleko ezilinganisiwe emakhemisi ngama-ruble angama-800;
Ama-Actos (ama-Actos) - izindleko zama-ruble angaba ngu-650.

IBiguanides

Izinzuzo zezidakamizwa zaleli qembu yilezi:

Awunamthelela ekuweni kwesisindo somzimba;
Ukwenza ngcono ukwakheka kwegazi (kwehlise amazinga e-cholesterol);
Ubungozi obuncishisiwe be-hypoglycemia;
Ukunciphisa ingozi yokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo ezigulini ezikhuluphele;
Intengo enengqondo.

Okubi kwamathebulethi kuleli qembu mancane.

Ngokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside, kunokungahambi kahle okuphuma emgudwini wokugaya ukudla nokuphazamiseka kwamathumbu. Iithebhulethi ezivela eqenjini le-Biguanide zifakwe kubantu abanokwehluleka kwesibindi, iziguli ezinotshwala, abesifazane abakhulelwe.

Izidakamizwa ezaziwa kakhulu zeqembu elikhuluuanide:

I-Siofor (Siofor) - inani elilinganiselwayo lama-300 p .;
IGlucophage (Glucophage) - intengo: kusuka ku-130 p .;
I-Metfogamma (Metfogamma) - isuka ku-130 r.

Izivuseleli ze-pancreatic

Ukuvuselela ukwakheka kwe-insulin ngama-β-cell we-pancreas, kusetshenziswa amaphilisi ama-2 amaqembu ekhemisi:

okuvela kusulfonylurea,
ama-meglitinides.

Sulfonylureas

Amalungiselelo weSulfonylurea anezinzuzo ezilandelayo:

Thatha isenzo masisha ngemuva kwesicelo;
Yehlisa ubungozi bezinkinga ze-vascular;
Banomphumela wokuvikela ezinso;
Yiba nezindleko eziphansi.

Ukubuyiselwa okuphambili kwalolu hlobo lwezidakamizwa ukuthuthukiswa kokumelana kwe-pancreatic, okunciphisa kakhulu umphumela wezidakamizwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye iziguli zithola ukukhuluphala kwesisindo. Imithi yalolu hlobo ihlukaniswe ngokulingene kwe-renal kanye ne-hepatic.

Izidakamizwa ezidume kakhulu kuleli qembu yilezi:

I-Diabeteson (Diabeteson) - inani lama-320 p .;
I-Maninil (Maninil) - intengo ka-100 p .;
I-Amaril (Amaril) - 300 k.

Meglitinides

Ukulungiselela kwaleli qembu kuyafana ngezinzuzo zabo zokutholwa kwe-sulfonylurea: balawula ushukela kahle ngemuva kokudla, bathathe isinyathelo ngokushesha.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaphilisi alolu hlobo angasetshenziswa ngabantu abanokudla okungajwayelekile.

Okubi kubalwa ukugqugquzelwa kwesisindo somzimba, ukuxhomekeka kokudla izidakamizwa ekudleni, ukungabikhona kwezilingo zomtholampilo nokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa isikhathi eside. Ukuxabana kuyafana nokwedlule.

Izidakamizwa ezaziwa kakhulu zalolu hlobo:

I-Novonorm (Novonorm) -330 p .:
I-Starlix (Starlix) - 400 r.

Abanye abasebenza nge-endocrinologists baphikisana nokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezithinta ama-pancreas, ngoba lokhu kuholela ekuqothulweni okusheshayo kwezitho. Lesi sikhundla sinezizathu ezizwakalayo: njengoba isifo sikashukela sohlobo II singekho kuzo zonke izimo ezihlobene nokushoda kwe-insulin, ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwaleli hormone ngeke kusithuthukise isimo lapho amangqamuzana engangeneki kuso. Kodwa-ke, igama lokugcina lapho linquma izidakamizwa lihlala likhona nodokotela oholayo, ozama ukubheka zonke izinto ezihambisana nalokhu, kubandakanya nalokhu okuvezwe ngenhla.

Ama-receptor agonists nama-alpha glucosidase inhibitors

Le mishanguzo incane kakhulu (yaqala ukusetshenziswa cishe ngawo-2000s) futhi ayikafundwa ngokwanele.

Inhloso yokusebenzisa kwabo ukunciphisa amazinga kashukela ngemuva kokudla, kepha izidakamizwa ezivela eqenjini le-Biguanide nazo zihlangabezana kahle nalo msebenzi.

Kodwa-ke, uma isetshenziswa ndawonye neSiofor ne-Glucofage, izidakamizwa ezifana noGalvus, u-Onglisa, uGlyukobay kanye no-Yanuviya zingathuthukisa ukusebenza kwazo zombili. Kwesinye isikhathi odokotela banquma izidakamizwa zaleli qembu njengezengezo enkambweni eyinhloko yokwelashwa.

Ukonakala okukhulu kwezidakamizwa zakamuva intengo yazo ephakeme. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye zazo kufanele zifakwe emzimbeni.

Izincomo ezijwayelekile zokwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2

Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo II zivame ukuhlehlisa ukwelashwa kwe-insulin ngemijovo isikhathi esingapheli, zikholelwa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi zithole ukwelashwa ngaphandle kokulashwa kwe-hormonal. Lokhu kungukuziphatha okungahambi kahle, okungaholela ekwakhiweni kwezinkinga ezibucayi njengokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo, unyawo lwesifo sikashukela, ukubona okunciphile, kuze kube ubumpumputhe.

Ngakho-ke, uma udokotela etusa ukuthi uqale ukwelashwa kwe-insulin, akufanele uzame ukulungisa lesi simo ngokwandisa imithamo yamathebulethi. Ekwelashweni kwesifo sikashukela, into esemqoka ukusebenzisa ngokweqiniso futhi ngokugcwele izincomo zikadokotela.

Send