Iqanda lenkukhu lingenye yezakhi ezivame kakhulu zemikhiqizo yokudla ehlukahlukene. Kungezwe kwinhlama, i-confectionery, amasaladi, okushisayo, kososo, kufakwe ngisho nomhluzi. Emazweni amaningi, ukudla kwasekuseni kuvame ukungabi nakho.
Ukuqonda ukuthi lo mkhiqizo ungadliwa yini yiziguli ezinesifo sikashukela, kuyadingeka ukutadisha ukwakheka kwawo (idatha in%):
- amaprotheni - 12,7;
- amafutha - 11.5;
- ama-carbohydrate - 0,7;
- i-fiber yokudla - 0;
- amanzi - 74.1;
- isitashi - 0;
- umlotha - 1;
- ama-organic acid - 0.
Amaqanda awanakubalwa ngokudla okuphansi kwekhalori (inani lamandla ka-100 g ngu-157 kcal). Kepha ekondleni kweziguli ezinesifo sikashukela, iqiniso lokuthi inani eliphansi lama-carbohydrate lingaphansi kwe-1% nge-100 g libalulekile kuzo. Lokhu izikhathi eziphindwe izikhathi ezimbili kunasemifino enekhalori ephansi kakhulu. Inhlobo eyodwa yobukhulu obuphakathi (60 g) inika umzimba kuphela i-0,4 g wama-carbohydrate. Usebenzisa ifomula kaDkt Bernstein (umbhali wencwadi ethi “Solution for Diabetesics”), kulula ukubala ukuthi kuleli cala ushukela osegazini uzonyuka ungadluli ku-0,11 mmol / l. Amaqanda aqukethe amayunithi wesinkwa sama-zero futhi enenkomba ye-glycemic engama-48, ngenxa yalesi sizathu ingeyomikhiqizo enama-GI aphansi.
Kodwa ungasebenzisi kabi, ngoba aqukethe inani elikhulu le-cholesterol.
KUBALULEKILE: I-100 g yamaqanda enkukhu i-570 mg ye-cholesterol. Ngakho-ke, phambi kwe-pathology ye-inhliziyo, okuyiwona ojwayelana ne-hyperglycemia, angafakwa ekudleni kuphela ngemuva kokubonisana nodokotela wezinhliziyo.
Isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa
Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwamavithamini, ama-micro and macro element (bheka ithebula) kwenza iqanda libe ngumkhiqizo obalulekile ekudleni kwabesifazane abakhulelwe.
Ukwakheka kukaVitamin kanye namaminerali
| Igama | Potassium, mg% | Iphosphorus, mg% | I-Iron,% | I-retinol, mcg% | I-Carotene, mcg% | I-retin eq., Mcg% |
| Konke | 140 | 192 | 2,5 | 250 | 60 | 260 |
| Amaprotheni | 152 | 27 | 0,2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Yks | 129 | 542 | 6,7 | 890 | 210 | 925 |
Iqanda ngumthombo wemvelo wensimbi. Ukuntuleka kwalesi sici somkhondo kubonwa engxenyeni yabesifazane besikhathi sokuzala. Isidingo somzimba wensimbi singama-18 mg ngosuku, ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa sanda ngomunye u-15 mg. Kusungulwa ukuthi ngemuva kokuthwala nokondla ingane ngayinye unina ulahlekelwa kusuka ku-700 mg kuya ku-1 gram yensimbi. Umzimba uzokwazi ukubuyisa imali ebekiwe kungakapheli iminyaka eyi-4-5. Uma ukukhulelwa okulandelayo kwenzeka ngaphambili, lowesifazane uzokhula i-anemia. Ukudla amaqanda kunganikeza isidingo esengeziwe sensimbi. I-yolk yenkukhu iqukethe ama-20% ejwayelekile yansuku yalokhu okutholayo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, nogwaca - 25%.
KUBALULEKILE: kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi inani lamavithamini kanye namaminerali akhonjiswe etafuleni liqukethwe kuphela kumkhiqizo omusha. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezinhlanu zokugcina, izakhiwo ezinenzuzo ziyancishiswa, ngakho-ke lapho uthenga, lalelisisa usuku lokuthuthuka.
Enye indlela yomkhiqizo wezinkukhu
Amaqanda nezinye izinkukhu asetshenziswa ekudleni (ngokuncipha kokuthandwa):
- izigwaca;
- i-guinea fowl;
- amadada;
- goose.
Zonke ziqukethe kalula amaprotheni wokugaya (cishe i-15% yokudla kwansuku komuntu omdala), okuhlukile ngosayizi nokuqukethwe kwama-caloric (bheka ithebula).
Inani lokudla kwamaqanda ezinkukhu ezihlukene (nge-100 g yomkhiqizo)
| Igama | Amakhalori, kcal | Amafutha, g | Ama-carbohydrate, g | Amaprotheni, g |
| Inkukhu | 157 | 11,5 | 0,7 | 12,7 |
| I-Quail | 168 | 13,1 | 0,6 | 11,9 |
| UKhesari | 43 | 0,5 | 0,7 | 12,9 |
| Goose | 185 | 13 | 1,0 | 14 |
| Idada | 190 | 14 | 1.1 | 13 |
Okukhulu kunazo zonke yi-goose, udoti ophakeme kakhulu wekhalori, ngoba aqukethe ama-carbohydrate amaningi (cishe izikhathi eziphindwe izikhathi ezimbili kunezigwaca). Futhi kuma-caesarines anesibalo esincane sama-carbohydrate, kunamakhalori ambalwa. Ngakho-ke, kunconyelwa ukondla iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 esinesisindo ngokweqile. Ezinye izimfanelo ezinhle zamaqanda we-guinea fowl:
- hypoallergenicity;
- i-cholesterol ephansi (inganconywa i-atherossteosis);
- i-carotene ephindwe kane nge-yolk kunakwinkukhu;
- igobolondo eliminyene kakhulu, akukho ama-microcracks, aqeda ubungozi be-salmonella kanye nezinye izidalwa ezingena ekudleni.
I-Quail ingumkhiqizo obaluleke kakhulu kunamaqanda enkukhu. Ziqukethe i-phosphorus eyengeziwe ne-iron engu-25%, i-niacin ngaphezulu (i-Vitamin PP) engaphezulu ne-riboflavin (uvithamini B2), Izikhathi ezi-2 inani le-retinol (uvithamini A), ne-magnesium cishe izikhathi ezi-3 - 32 mg ngokumelene ne-12 (ngamagremu ayi-100 omkhiqizo).
Ngokuqondene namaqanda wedada ne-goose, akuwona owokudla ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwekhalori ephezulu, ngakho-ke, le mikhiqizo ingaba khona ekudleni komuntu onesifo sikashukela, kodwa ngesilinganiso esilinganiselwe.
Amaqanda enyoni exotic
Amaqanda e-Ostrich, ama-pheasant noma ama-emu akakufanelekeli ukuthi acabangele ngokungathi sína esimweni sokudla sikashukela, ngoba akuyona umkhiqizo wendabuko umthengi waseRussia. Okuqukethwe kwe-carbohydrate kuzo kuqhathaniswa nenkukhu, ngobuningi bawo kukhona ama-carotene, amavithamini e-B, amaminerali, okwamukelekayo ngokuphelele ukusetshenziswa nge-hyperglycemia. Bahluke kwinkukhu ekuqukethwe kwekhalori ephezulu: ngokwesibonelo, ngama-gramu ayi-100 amaqanda we-pheasant, ama-700 kcal. Futhi ama-2 kg wezinsizwa athathe indawo yenkukhu engu-3-4.
Izindlela zokulungiselela: izinzuzo kanye nokubi
Kunezinganekwane eziningi ngezinzuzo ezingathandabuzekiyo zomkhiqizo ongavuthiwe. Kuyafakazelwa ukuthi ukwelashwa okushisa ngokupheka akuphazamisi inani lokudla kwamaqanda (bona ithebula):
| Igama | Amafutha% | I-MDS,% | NLC,% | I-Sodium, mg | I-retinol mg | Amakhalori, kcal |
| Okusha | 11,5 | 0,7 | 3 | 134 | 250 | 157 |
| Kubilisiwe | 11,5 | 0,7 | 3 | 134 | 250 | 157 |
| Amaqanda athosiwe | 20,9 | 0,9 | 4,9 | 404 | 220 | 243 |
Izinguquko zenzeka kuphela lapho ukuthosa kukhethiwe njengendlela yokupheka. Umkhiqizo unyusa okuqukethwe kwama-asidi anama-acid (i-EFAs), i-mono- ne-disaccharides (MDS), i-sodium iba izikhathi eziphindwe ka-3,5, noma ngabe ingekho usawoti. Ngasikhathi sinye, i-Vitamin A iyabhujiswa futhi okuqukethwe kwekhalori kuyanda. Njenganoma yisiphi esinye isifo esidinga ukudla, ukudla okuthosiwe kashukela kufanele kulahlwe. Kepha umkhiqizo ongavuthiwe, ukusetshenziswa kwawo kugcwele ingozi yokuthola i-salmonellosis.
Izindlela zokupheka zabantu: iqanda nelamula
Kunezeluleko eziningi zokunciphisa ushukela wegazi ngamaqanda nelamula. Okuvame kakhulu - ingxube yejusi kalamula neqanda lezinkukhu (izigwaca zithatha ezinhlanu) kanye ngosuku ngaphambi kokudla inyanga. Ungaphuza ngokuya ngohlelo "kathathu kuye kokuthathu." Kukholelwa ukuthi lokhu kuzosiza ukunciphisa ushukela ngama-2-4 amayunithi. Akukho ukuqinisekiswa kwesayensi kokusebenza kwethuluzi elinjalo, kepha ungazama. Into esemqoka ukungayeki ukwelashwa kwendabuko okunqunywe yi-endocrinologist nokulawula ushukela. Uma kwenzeka ukusabela okubi komzimba, kwenqaba lesi sidakamizwa.
Kepha impumelelo yomunye umuthi wendabuko wendabuko yamukelwa yi-pharmacology yesimanje. Yaqala ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside ukukhiqizwa kwezidakamizwa ezibuyisa ukuntuleka kwe-calcium. Cwecwa igobolondo leqanda lenkukhu elisha kusuka kwifilimu emhlophe yangaphakathi bese uligaya lube yimpuphu. Thatha nsuku zonke empompini wethisipuni, ngaphambi kokudonsa isiphuzo selamula: i-acid izosiza ukumuncwa kwe-calcium. Isikhathi esiphansi sezifundo ziyinyanga eyi-1.
Isiphetho
Ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwabo okuphansi kwe-carbohydrate, amaqanda angaba yingxenye yokudla kweziguli ezinesifo sikashukela. I-Quail inamavithamini namaminerali amaningi kunenkukhu, ngakho-ke kufanele ikhethwe. Uma udinga ukunciphisa inani lama-kilojoule adliwe ne-cholesterol, kufanele usebenzise amaqanda we-guinea fowl.
