Abaningi banesithakazelo embuzweni wokuthi kungani ekuseni ngemuva kokulala kuba nomfutho wegazi ophakeme. Into yokuqala okufanele uyiqaphele ukuthi phakathi nosuku, kuye ngokudla okudliwayo, izinga lokuzivocavoca komzimba, kanye nenani lokucindezelwa okungokomzwelo okuhlukumezekile. Ngeshwa, kwabanye abantu, umfutho wegazi labo ungaba phezulu kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ekuseni. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-hypertension yasekuseni.
Abaphenyi bathole ukuthi i-hypertension yasekuseni yenyusa ubungozi besifo senhliziyo nezinkinga zomthambo wegazi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngisho nasezigulini ezinomfutho wegazi olawulwa kahle.
Kwabathengisi bezokwelapha abathola lesi sifo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda ukuthi kungani umfutho wegazi ukhuphuka ekuseni. Futhi, lolu lwazi lubalulekile ezigulini ngokwazo. Ukwazi izizathu ezizwakalayo, unganquma ukuthi kuzokwenzeka kanjani ukunqoba le nkinga.
Isibonakaliso esijwayelekile ekhaya kufanele sibe ngaphansi kwe-140/90 mm Hg. Umfutho wegazi weSystolic (inombolo ephezulu) ingcindezi edalwa wukuqothuka kwenhliziyo. Umfutho wegazi we-Diastolic (inombolo ephansi) umfutho owakhiwa ngokuphumuza inhliziyo. Isikhombi singandiswa uma ukushaya kwenhliziyo kushesha futhi kuba nzima, noma uma imithambo yegazi inciphile, okwenza umgodi omncane wokudlula kwegazi.
Siyini isizathu salokhu?
Imvamisa, ngemuva kokuvuka, izinga lokucindezela liyakhuphuka.
Lokhu kungenxa yesigqi esijwayelekile somjikelezo womzimba.
Isigqi se-circadian ngumjikelezo wamahora angama-24 othinta ukulala nokuphaphama komuntu.
Ekuseni, umzimba ukhipha ama-hormone afana ne-adrenaline ne-norepinephrine.
Lawa ma-hormone anikeza izindikimba zamandla, kepha futhi angakhuphula umfutho wegazi. Ekuseni, ukwanda komfutho wegazi kuvame ukubonwa phakathi kuka-6:00 ekuseni nantambama. Uma umfutho wegazi wakho ukhuphuka kakhulu, kungadala imiphumela emibi. Kulokhu, ukushaya kwemisipha yenhliziyo nakho kukhuphuka kakhulu.
Iziguli ezinomfutho wegazi ophakeme, nazo ezinomfutho wegazi ophakeme, zisengozini enkulu yokuba nesifo sohlangothi ngokuqhathaniswa nezinye iziguli ezinomfutho wegazi ophakeme ngaphandle kwegazi ekuseni. Ikakhulu uma kukhulunywa ngomuntu osekhulile. Ukushaywa yisifo kungukulahleka okungazelelwe kokusebenza kobuchopho ngenxa yokunganele kwegazi. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokushaywa unhlangothi:
- I-Ischemic.
- IHemorrhagic.
Isifo sohlangothi esibangelwa ukuhlangana kwegazi sibizwa ngokuthi yi-ischemic. Kuvame kakhulu, ukubalwa kwama-85% ama-hits angama-600,000 okwenzeka minyaka yonke. Imivimbo ye-hemorrhagic kwenzeka lapho umkhumbi wegazi uqhuma ebuchosheni.
I-hypertension yasekuseni nayo ingakhulisa ubungozi bezinye izinkinga ngenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Lokhu kungenxa yezinguquko esigqini nosayizi wenhliziyo, okungaholela ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo noma ekuhlulekeni kwenhliziyo. Kufanele uthintane nodokotela ngokushesha uma uthola izimpawu ezinjengokuthi:
- ikhanda elinzima;
- izinhlungu esifubeni
- ukukhubazeka
- ukudinwa ebusweni noma ezandleni.
Vele, asikho isizathu esisodwa esiholela kulesi simo. Kodwa wonke umuntu anganciphisa ubungozi, ngoba lokhu kwanele ukukala ukusebenza kwabo njalo.
Amaqembu ebungozini wokuvela kwethonya wegazi lasekuseni
Odokotela batusa ukuthi iziguli ziqaphele ukusebenza kwazo ngedivayisi ekhethekile. Ngakho-ke, kuzokwazi ukunquma ubungozi be-hypertension yasekuseni.
Usebenzisa ukuqapha kwengcindezi yegazi ekhaya, okufakazele ukunemba kwayo, nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungalithola izinga lokucindezela kwakho futhi, uma kunesidingo, thatha umuthi ukuwenza ube ngokwejwayelekile.
Idivayisi ingathengwa ngaphezulu kwekhawunta ekhemisi yendawo. Izinhlobo eziningana zokuqapha ziyatholakala, kufaka phakathi amamodeli othomathikhi nawezandla.
Abaqaphi bezomfutho wegazi abazenzakalelayo banalezi zinzuzo:
- Izici ezinhle zememori.
- Ubukhulu obuhlukahlukene be-cuffs.
- Isibonisi se-elekhthronikhi esikhombisa usuku nesikhathi.
Lapho uthenga umgodli wegazi wekhaya, qiniseka ukuthi ukhetha usayizi ofanele we-cuff ohambelana nebanga ukusuka ehlombe. Uma kusetshenziswa usayizi we-cuff ongalungile, kungadala ukufundwa okungalungile kwengcindezi yegazi. Udinga futhi ukucabanga kusengaphambili ngokuthi uluphi uhlobo lwedivaysi efanelekile kakhulu kulesi simo.
Engcupheni kuvame kakhulu abantu abanokuthi:
- umfutho wegazi ophakeme (ibha ephezulu ngaphezulu kwe-120 noma i-130);
- thayipha 1 noma thayipha isifo sikashukela 2;
- iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65;
- kunomkhuba wokubhema;
- ukufisa utshwala;
- ukukhuluphala;
- cholesterol ephezulu.
Uma okungenani eyodwa yalezi zimpawu ikhona, udinga ukuqaphela kakhulu impilo yakho.
Ungayisebenzisa kanjani indlela yokuqapha umfutho wegazi ekhaya?
Umfutho wegazi kufanele uhlolwe ekuseni, cishe ihora umuntu avukile ngalo, futhi kusihlwa, cishe ihora ngaphambi kokulala. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa isandla esifanayo ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ukwenza izilinganiso ezi-3 ezilandelanayo zokuphumula komzuzu owodwa. Kulokhu, kuzotholwa umphumela onembe kakhudlwana. Kubalulekile ukugwema i-caffeine noma ugwayi okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngaphambi kokulinganiswa.
Okokuqala, udinga ukuhlala esihlalweni, kuyilapho imilenze namaqakala kungafanele kuhlangana, futhi emuva kufanele kusekelwa kahle. Isandla kufanele sibe sezingeni elifanayo nenhliziyo, sincike etafuleni noma kwikhawunta.
Njalo ulandele imiyalo yomsebenzisi eza nedivaysi. Kufanele futhi ugcine ilogi lakho konke ukufundwa. Abaqaphi abaningi banememori eyakhelwe ngaphakathi yokuqopha ukufundwa, kanye nokurekhoda usuku nesikhathi.
Lapho uvakashela udokotela wakho ohamba naye, kungakuhle ukuthi ufike nencwadi yokurekhoda yobufakazi. Ikakhulu uma kukhulunywa ngengxaki ye-hypertensive. Ngaso leso sikhathi, udinga ukulungisa ingcindezi yakho hhayi kusihlwa kuphela, kodwa nasekuseni. Kungcono izikhathi eziningana ngosuku.
Kodwa ukuze uqonde ngokunembile ubudlelwane phakathi kokulala nomfutho wegazi ophakeme, umuntu kufanele aqonde ukuthi kungani le nkomba iphakama nokuthi ungawuvimbela kanjani umphumela onjalo.
Izici zomzimba
Kwezokwelapha, isimo esisodwa sezempilo siyaziwa, ngokubonakaliswa ngokudutshulwa okunamandla nokuhlaba ikhefu ekuphefumuleni ebusuku.
Abaphenyi eJohs Hopkins School of Public Health benze ucwaningo lapho bathola khona ukuxhumana phakathi kokuhlaselwa ubuthongo nomfutho wegazi ophakeme.
Imiphumela yocwaningo ikhombisa ukuthi abantu abathola isikhathi sokuphumula kakhulu lapho bephefumula lapho belele banethuba eliphindwe kabili lokuphazamiseka kwengqondo.
Eminye imishanguzo ingadala ukwanda kwesikhashana kwengcindezi yegazi. Uma le mishanguzo ithathwa ekuseni, umfutho wegazi ungakhuphuka ekuqaleni kosuku bese uphonsa kusihlwa.
Kuyaziwa ukuthi ama-corticosteroids asetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo ezinjenge:
- Isifuba Somoya
- I-Autoimmune pathologies.
- Izinkinga zesikhumba.
- Umzimba omkhulu.
Babanga ukwanda kwengcindezi yegazi. Ama-decongestants, ikakhulukazi lawo aqukethe i-pseudoephedrine, nawo aholela ekunyukeni kwesikhashana kwengcindezi yegazi. Kulokhu, ingakhuphuka ifike ku-150 nangaphezulu.
Futhi, uhlelo lomsebenzi lomuntu lungathinta izinga lokucindezela kwegazi ekuseni. Ucwaningo olwenziwe nguFrank Scheer, osebenza nabo baseBrigham besibhedlela sabesifazane naseHarvard University, luyaqinisekisa lesi simangalo.
Ngokungeziwe ekuthuthukisweni kwe-prediabetes, ukuncipha kokuzwela kwe-insulin kanye nokubekezelela ushukela okhubazekile, abanye ababambiqhaza bathola ukwanda kwezinga lemihla lecindezelo legazi, futhi kusihlwa kwavela.
Yini okudingeka uyikhumbule?
I-Hypertension ivame ukutholakala lapho kutholakala izinkomba ezithile ezithile. Lesi simo singakhulisa ubungozi bokushaywa unhlangothi, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, isifo sezinso, ukuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo nesifo sikashukela, nezinye izifo eziyingozi.
Uma ungawuphuthi umuthi umfutho wegazi ophezulu ebusuku, lokhu kuzoholela ekwandeni komfutho wegazi. Uma umfutho wegazi ophakeme ungalawulwa, ukufundwa kwasekuseni kungahle kube okuphakeme kakhulu.
Izindlala ze-adrenal zikhiqiza ama-hormone athinta ukushaya kwenhliziyo, ukuphuma kwegazi nomfutho wegazi. I-Epinephrine inyusa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo futhi ivuselele izicubu zomzimba ezibushelelezi. INorepinephrine ayinawo umthelela omkhulu kangako ekushweni kwenhliziyo nemisipha ebushelelezi, kepha inyusa umfutho wegazi.
Ama-adrenal tumors angadala ukukhiqizeka ngokweqile kwalawa mahomoni, kuphakamise umfutho wegazi. Uma i-norepinephrine ikhishwa ekuseni, ungaqaphela ukwanda kwengcindezi yegazi. Kulokhu, umuntu uvame ukuzizwa enesiyezi. Ikakhulu uma kukhulunywa ngowesifazane oneminyaka engama-50 noma ngaphezulu, kanye nabadala.
Ukusetshenziswa kukagwayi kanye ne-caffeine kudlala indima ekwandiseni umfutho wegazi. Ukusetshenziswa kukagwayi kungenye yezimpawu eziyingozi zokuphazamiseka kwegazi, ngoba i-nicotine emikhiqizweni kagwayi ibangela ukuba imithambo yegazi ingene. Lokhu kufaka ubunzima enhliziyweni, kukhuphula umfutho wegazi. I-Osteochondrosis inomphumela ofanayo. Kuphazamisa ukuhamba kwegazi, okunomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwe-hypo- noma i-hypertension.
Uma izici ezingezinhle zingalawulwa, ezithinta ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo, ingcindezi ye-intraocular noma ye-intracranial ingaqhamuka. Futhi kuvame ukuphela kabi kakhulu. I-Caffeine nayo ingadala ukuqhuma kwesikhashana kwengcindezi, okusho ukuthi inkomishi yasekuseni yekhofi ingadala ukwanda komfutho wegazi. Ukunciphisa ukubamba i-caffeine kungavimbela ukwanda kwesikhashana kokusebenza kwasekuseni.
Izizathu zokwanda kwengcindezi yegazi ekuseni zichazwe kuvidiyo kule ndatshana.
