Okubaluleke kakhulu umbuzo wokuthi ungasitholi kanjani isifo sikashukela kulabo abanezihlobo eziseduze ezinalolo hlobo lokuxilongwa.
Kuyaziwa ukuthi lesi sifo sinqunywa ngofuzo. Kepha ifa akusona isigwebo. Noma kungaba nokuqagela, kunethuba lokugwema lesi sifo.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukwazi ukuthi siyini isifo sikashukela, ukuthi ungasitholi kanjani lesi sifo.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukutheleleka kusuka kumuntu ogulayo kuya kophilile akwenzeki.
Izici Zobungozi Besifo Sikashukela
Isifo sikashukela i-mellitus siqondwa njengeqembu lonke lezifo, kepha sonke ngandlela-thile sihlobene nokuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic emzimbeni. Imbangela yalesi sifo ingaba ukuphazamiseka kwesistimu ye-endocrine ethathe ifomu elingamahlalakhona, noma inani elinganele lekhwalithi ye-insulin eyenziwe nge-pancreatic insulin.
Ngokuya ngokuthi yini ebangele lesi sifo, lesi sifo singakhula hhayi nje kuphela ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-insulin, kodwa futhi ngenxa yokumelana ne-insulin kwezicubu.
Izimbangela zokuqhamuka kwesifo zihlukahlukene. Kepha impendulo yombuzo wokuthi ungangenwa kanjani yisifo sikashukela ayinakuhluka - akukho lutho. Isifo sikashukela sibizwa ngokuthi umqedazwe wekhulu lama-21. Okwamanje, u-4% wabantu emhlabeni uyagula, futhi lesi sibalo sikhula ngokuhamba kweminyaka. Kepha lesi sifo asitheleleki ngokwemvelo, ngakho-ke akunakwenzeka ukuthi usitheleleke.
Abantu abalutholi ushukela kumuntu ophethwe yilesi sifo. Lesi sifo singatholakala kuphela ngenxa yokuvezwa kwezinto ezithile emzimbeni.
Izici ezifaka isandla ekuthuthukisweni kwesifo sikashukela ziningi:
- Isizungu.
- Isisindo esiningi.
- Ukucindezelwa njalo.
- Izifo ezedlule.
- Ubudala (ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-40).
Ukuba khona kwanoma yiziphi zalezi zinto akusho ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi umuntu angaqala ukuba nalesi sifo. Kepha ukuhlanganiswa kwezinto kuyandisa kakhulu ingozi yesifo sikashukela - okungenani amahlandla ayi-10.
Amathuba okuthola lesi sifo aphakame kakhulu ngokuba nethuba lokuthola ifa. Amathuba we-pathology enganeni, omunye wabazali bakhe onesifo sikashukela, aze afike kuma-30%. Uma bobabili abazali begula, khona-ke ingozi ikhuphuka ifike kuma-60% noma ngaphezulu. Ukwehluka kwezinombolo kuchazwa ngezifundo ezahlukahlukene, kepha kunoma yikuphi, ingozi yokuthola lesi sifo ezinganeni iphezulu kakhulu. Le nto kufanele icatshangwe lapho uhlela ukukhulelwa.
Ngokungondleki kahle njalo, umthwalo kuma-pancreas uyanda. Ikakhulu "uyahlupheka" phakathi kwabathandi bokudla okunamafutha notshwala. Ngakho-ke, uma ufuna ukufunda ukuthi ungasithola kanjani isifo sikashukela ngesibonelo sakho, kufanele uqhubeke nokulandela lolu hlobo lokudla. Ukukhuluphala kwe-I degree kukhulisa ubungozi bokungasebenzi kahle kwe-pancreatic ngo-20%. I-50% yokukhuluphala ngokweqile inyusa ingozi ifinyelela ku-60%.
Ukucindezelwa kwemizwa kuholela ezifweni ezahlukahlukene. Kepha ungathola isifo sikashukela ngenxa yokuxinwa kuphela ngokuhlanganiswa kwezinto eziningana (ifa, ukukhuluphala).
Amathuba okugula aphezulu kakhulu kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50. Kuyaziwa ukuthi njalo emva kweminyaka eyi-10 iyiphinda kabili ingozi yokuhlakulela i-hyperglycemia.
Umbono wokuthi imbangela eyinhloko yesifo sikashukela uthando lwamaswidi ube khona isikhathi eside. Kodwa-ke, kuvela ukuthi amaswidi awakuthinti ngqo ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo.
Ithonya kuleli cala liqondile: ukusetshenziswa kabi kwamaswidi kuholela kwesisindo ngokweqile, futhi yena kuholele kwisifo sikashukela.
Izinkinga zokuphila okunempilo zibangela isifo sikashukela
Ngemuva kokuqonda ukuthi yiziphi izici ezinethonya ukukhula kwesifo, kulula ukuqonda ukuthi ungaba kanjani ushukela, i.e. kanjani ukuthola ushukela. Awudingi ukulawula amandla kulokhu. Kungcono ukudla okuyingozi, okuthosiwe futhi okumnandi.
Ngokudla okunjalo (ngokuqondile, ukungabikho kwayo), isisindo sitholakala ngokushesha okukhulu. Kepha ungasheshisa inqubo ngosizo lomsebenzi womzimba - idinga ukuncishiswa. Njengoba ukunyakaza kuvuselela ukusebenza kwemisipha futhi kuthuthukisa ukuthathwa koshukela ngamaseli omzimba, kuzomane nje kukhubaze ukwanda kwamazinga kashukela.
Ungathathi ukulawula kwesisindo - amanoni athe xaxa emzimbeni, maningi amathuba okuthi ubuyise inani labashukela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma usuvele unesisindo esikhulu ngokweqile, khona-ke kuleli cala, "ukwamukela lokho oyikho" kuyindlela enhle yokuthola ukuthi ungasithola kanjani isifo sikashukela. Lokhu kuchazwe kalula: hhayi nje lesi sifo uqobo singadala ukuvela kwamafutha, kepha futhi “nokuqokelelwa kwenhlalo” kungavusa ukukhula kwesifo sikashukela.
Kunengozi enkulu yokugula kulabo abanezihlobo zabo abahlushwa yilesi sifo. Uma kunesifiso sokuthola ifa, khona-ke isimo sengqondo sokungakhathaleli impilo yomuntu siqu kungaholela eqinisweni lokuthi isifo sikashukela sizokhula ngesikhathi esifushane.
Futhi, ukuze ube yisifo sikashukela, awudingi ukuthi ufunde indlela yokubhekana nengcindezi. Ubudlwangudlwangu uqobo buthinta ukukhula kwesifo ngokungaqondile, kepha kwezinye izimo kungaba umfutho lapho kuvela khona izinkinga zempilo.
Ungakutholi kanjani isifo sikashukela?
Ukwazi izimbangela zesifo sikashukela, nokuthi iyiphi indlela isifo esenzeka ngayo lesi sifo, kuba sobala ukuthi singasitholi kanjani isifo sikashukela. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga kuphela ukunciphisa ithonya lezinto ezilimazayo esimweni somzimba.
Indlela ephumelela kunazo zonke okufanele ufake isicelo ukuze ungasitholi isifo sikashukela ilula futhi iyinqaba - indlela efanele yokuphila.
Emashumini ambalwa eminyaka edlule, isifo sikashukela sasiwuphawu lwabantu asebekhulile. Abantu banamuhla bavame ukukuxhaphaza ukudla okungenamsoco, yingakho isifo sikashukela sivezwa futhi kubantu abasha, futhi kwesinye isikhathi kwintsha. Ukugwema izinkinga zesisindo, odokotela batusa ukunquma i-BMI yakho nokuqinisekisa ukuthi ayidluli okujwayelekile.
"Okulimazayo" okujwayelekile (okuthosiwe, okumnandi, ufulawa) kungasiza ukufunda ukuthi ungasithola kanjani isifo sikashukela. Ukudla okungenamsoco kulimaza ukusebenza okuvamile kwamanyikwe, futhi nokusebenza isikhathi eside, umuntu uvele azitholele eqenjini lengozi. Ngakho-ke, ukuze ungabangeli izinkinga ngama-pancreas, kubalulekile ukukhipha konke ukudla okulimazayo futhi ukubuyisele ngezithelo nemifino emisha.
Amanzi okuphuza kumele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, igama elithi "amanzi" alisho ukuthi uketshezi (itiye, ikofi, umhluzi kanye nomhluzi), kepha amanzi okuphuza ahlanzekile. Isimo esinconywayo ngu-30 ml nge-1 kg yesisindo Uma inani lamanzi okuqala likhulu kakhulu, kufanelekile ukwehlisa umthamo walo nokuphuza kakhulu njengoba kubonakala kudingekile - ukukhuphuka okuthe xaxa kwesilinganiso soketshezi oliphuzayo kuzobeka ubunzima obukhulu ezinsweni, okuzoba nomthelela omubi emsebenzini wabo. Inani lamanzi okuphuza anconyelwa ukwandiswa kancane kancane liye esimisweni esithile.
Ukuhlukumeza akusilethi usizo emzimbeni. Ngokuphambene nalokho, imvamisa iba imbangela yesifo sikashukela esinga-insulin. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukugxila kulamba, kepha hhayi ekujabuleni.
Ukubhema notshwala kukhulisa amathuba okuba nesifo sikashukela. Ngasikhathi sinye, labo abangajwayele kule mikhuba banethuba eliphansi lesifo sikashukela.
Uma kunokuqagela okwenzelwa ifa, kuyacaca-ke ukuthi ungasithola kanjani isifo sikashukela. Kuliqiniso, ufuzo aluxazululi konke, kepha ungalahli impilo.
Ukuze isifo esingelolifa singazivezi isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka - futhi singalokothi sibe ngcono nhlobo - ngeke kube yize ukuhlolwa okugcwele kabili ngonyaka ukuze kutholakale ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo ngesikhathi. Uma kunezinkinga zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, noma i-cholesterol iphakanyisiwe, kuyasiza futhi ukuhlolwa minyaka yonke.
Ngakho-ke, ukuze isifo sikashukela singakhathazeki kufanele:
- ukulawula isisindo somzimba;
- udle ngokuphelele nangokuhlukahluka;
- gcina ibhalansi kasawoti wamanzi;
- gwema ukudla ngokweqile;
- yeka imikhuba emibi;
- hlolisisa njalo udokotela uma kunemibandela yokukhula kwalesi sifo.
Ukuqaliswa kwalezi zincomo kuzogwema ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo.
Ungaselapha kanjani isifo sikashukela?
Uma izimpawu zesifo sikashukela mellitus sezivele zivele, kudingeka usizo ngokushesha. Kuyafaneleka ukusho ukuthi ukuphumelela kokwelashwa kuya ngohlobo lwesifo.
Isifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-I asikwazi ukwelashwa, ngoba izinqubo ze-pathological ezenzeka emzimbeni azinakuguqulwa. Kulokhu, okuwukuphela kwengozi yokugcina amazinga kashukela evamile. Lolu hlobo lwesifo lubizwa nangokuthi luncike kwe-insulin, ngoba isiguli siphoqelelwa njalo ukuthi sifake insulin ukulawula amazinga kashukela. Iziguli ezinohlobo lokuncika kwesifo sikashukela kufanele zishintshe ngokuphelele uhlobo lokudla futhi zilahle ngokuphelele imikhiqizo ethile ebangela ukwanda okukhulu kweglucose yegazi. Ukwelashwa, iziguli zithola konke ezikudingayo: izidakamizwa, i-electrochemical glucometer, imichilo yokuhlola, njll.
Uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-II luthembele ekuthembekeni kwe-insulin. Kulokhu, isiguli asidingi imijovo ye-hormone, ngoba izinga layo lijwayelekile noma liphakeme. Inkinga ukuthi ngesizathu esithile, amangqamuzana izicubu alahlekelwa amandla awo "okubona" i-insulin, okungukuthi, kuvela ukuqina kwe-insulin.
Lapho kuvela izimpawu zokuqala zalesi sifo, kubalulekile ukuqala ngokushesha ukwelashwa, ngoba isifo sikashukela siholela ekunqotshweni kwemithambo yegazi emincane. Ngenxa yezinga loshukela omningi, inqubo yokupholisa ejwayelekile iyaphazamiseka - amanxeba awahambi isikhathi eside, imvamisa - aqala ukugcwala. Ezimweni ezisezingeni eliphakeme, ngisho nokubhala okuncane kungadala imiphumela emibi: i-gangrene ingaqala, okuzoholela ekunqunyweni.
Kuyenzeka ukuthi uthathe izintambo zesifo sikashukela esingancikeli i-insulin, kepha akukwenzeki ukuthi usilulame ngokuphelele lesi sifo. Ukulawula lesi sifo, kubalulekile ukulandela irejimeni yokwelashwa enconyelwe uchwepheshe, uhlelo lokudla nokuzivocavoca. Kungaphansi kwalesi simo kuphela lapho isiguli singaphila impilo ejwayelekile.
Ukuvimbela isifo sikashukela kuchazwe kuvidiyo kule ndatshana.
