ISIFO SIKASHUKELA SE-MODI (MODY) - IZIMPAWU, UKUXILONGA NEZINDLELA ZOKWELASHWA

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Isifo sikashukela se-Mody uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela esenzeka ngaphansi kwethonya lezinhlobo ezitholwa ngofuzo. Ukubonakaliswa kwalesi sifo kufana noshukela ojwayelekile, kepha izindlela zokwelashwa zihluke kakhulu. I-Pathology ivame ukuqashelwa izinguquko ngesikhathi sokukhula kobusha.

Ngemuva kokuxilongwa kwesifo sikashukela se-modi, isidingo sokuphathwa kwe-insulin siyimpilo yonke. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ama-pancreas afa isikhathi eside futhi angabe esakwazi nokukhiqiza ngokuzimela le hormone.

Siyini isifo sikashukela se-modi?

Isifo sikashukela se-Mody, noma i-Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young, yisifo sofuzo esitholakala njengefa. Yaqala ukutholwa ngonyaka we-1975 ngusosayensi waseMelika.

Le ndlela yesifo sikashukela i-atypical, ibonakala ngokuhamba kancane futhi kancane. Ngenxa yalokhu, cishe akunakwenzeka ukuthola ukuphambuka ezigabeni zokuqala. Isifo sikashukela se-Mody sitholakala kuphela kulezo zingane ezinabazali bazo abahlushwa nesifo sikashukela.

Lolu hlobo lwalesi sifo se-endocrine luyakhula ngenxa yokuguqulwa okuthile kuzinhlobo zofuzo. Amaseli athile adluliselwa enganeni evela komunye wabazali. Kamuva, ngesikhathi sokukhula, baqala ukuthuthuka, okuthinta ukusebenza kwamanyikwe. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kuya buthaka, ukusebenza kwawo kunciphe kakhulu.

Uhlobo olunjalo luyingozi kakhulu kuma-islet apparatus we-pancreas, anesibopho sokwenza i-insulin.

Isifo sikashukela esingesifo sikashukela sitholakala ebuntwaneni, kepha kaningi sitholakala kuphela ngesikhathi sobusha. Ukuze udokotela akwazi ukubona ngokuqinisekile ukuthi lokhu kuyi-mellitus yesifo sikashukela esilinganayo, kudingeka enze ucwaningo ngezinhlobo zezingane.

Kunezakhi zofuzo ezi-8 ezihlukile lapho ukuvela kwezakhi zofuzo kungenzeka khona. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunquma ngokuqondile ukuthi ukuphambuka kwenzekephi, ngoba amaqhinga wokwelapha ancike ngokuphelele ohlotsheni lohlobo oluguquliwe.

Ngabe lisebenza kanjani?

Isici esihlukile sesifo sikashukela ngohlobo lwe-modi ukuba khona kwezakhi zofuzo eziguquliwe. Isifo singenzeka kuphela ngenxa yobukhona babo. Kuyinto engaphakathi, ngakho-ke futhi kuzoba nzima ukwelapha.

Ifa lingaba ngale ndlela elandelayo:

I-Autosomal ifa lapho isakhi sofuzo sidluliselwa ngama-chromosomes ajwayelekile, hhayi ngocansi. Kulokhu, isifo sikashukela se-modi singakhula kumfana nentombazane. Lolu hlobo luvame kakhulu, kungenzeka kalula ukuthi lunikezwe ukwelashwa ezimweni eziningi.
Dominant - ifa elenza kanye nofuzo. Uma okungenani okungenani eyodwa ivelile kuzinhlobo ezidlulisiwe, ingane izoba nesifo sikashukela se-modi.

Uma ingane itholakala nesifo sikashukela se-modi, khona-ke omunye wabazali bayo noma izihlobo zakhe zegazi ezisondelene naye uzoba noshukela ojwayelekile.

Le ndlela ye-endocrine pathology ihlala ihlotshaniswa ne-gene mutation engenzeka ngaphansi kwethonya le-asthma ye-bronchial, ischemia yenhliziyo, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, isilonda se-peptic nezinye izifo kowesifazane okhulelwe.

Yini engakhombisa isifo sikashukela se-modi?

Ukubona isifo sikashukela se-modi kunzima kakhulu. Cishe akunakwenzeka ukwenza lokhu ezigabeni zokuqala, ngoba ingane ayikwazi ukuchaza ngokunembile ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu ezimhluphayo.

Imvamisa, ukubonakaliswa kwesifo sikashukela se-modi kuyafana nohlobo lwesifo esijwayelekile. Kodwa-ke, lezo zimpawu zivame ukwenzeka eminyakeni evuthiwe.

Ungasola ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela se-mody kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

Ngokuxolelwa isikhathi eside sikashukela ngokungabikho kwezikhathi zokubuyiselwa kwemali;
Ngokungazihlanganisi nohlelo lwe-CLA;
Ngama-hemoglobin we-glycated ngezansi 8%;
Ukungabikho kwe-ketoacidosis ngesikhathi sokubonakaliswa;
Uma kungekho ukulahleka okuphelele kokusebenza kwamaseli we-insulin;
Lapho kunxephezelwa ukukhuphuka kwe-glucose futhi ngasikhathi sinye izidingo eziphansi ze-insulin;
Uma kungekho ama-antibodies kuma-beta cell noma e-insulin.

Ukuze udokotela akwazi ukubona isifo sikashukela se-modi, udinga ukuthola izihlobo ezisondelene zengane enesifo sikashukela noma ezakhiweni zaso. Futhi, isifo esinjalo sibekwa kubantu abaqale bahlangabezana nokubonakaliswa kwe-pathology ngemuva kweminyaka engama-25, kuyilapho abanaso isisindo ngokweqile.

Izimpawu

Ngenxa yokutadisha okwanele kwesifo sikashukela se-modi, kunzima kakhulu ukuthola i-pathology. Kwezinye izimo, lesi sifo sizibonakalisa ngezibonakaliso ezifanayo, kwezinye sihluke enkambweni ehluke ngokuphelele kwisifo sikashukela.

Sola i-modi-sikashukela enganeni ngezimpawu ezilandelayo:

Ukuphazamiseka kwesekhula;
Umfutho wegazi ophakeme;
Ukushisa komzimba okukhuphukile;
Isisindo somzimba ophansi ngenxa ye-metabolism esheshayo;
Ubomvu besikhumba;
Umuzwa ongapheli wendlala;
Inani elikhulu lomchamo lishiya.

Ukuxilonga

Ukuxilongwa kwesifo sikashukela se-modi kunzima kakhulu. Ukuze udokotela aqiniseke ukuthi ingane inalesi sifo esithile, kunikezwe inani elikhulu lezifundo.

Ngokungeziwe kokujwayelekile, kuthunyelwa ku:

Ukubonisana nodokotela wezakhi zofuzo onquma ukuhlolwa kwegazi kuzo zonke izihlobo eziseduze;
Ukuhlaziywa kwegazi nokujwayelekile;
Isibalo segazi seHormonal;
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kofuzo okuthuthukile;
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-HLA.

Izindlela zokwelapha

Ngendlela efanele, ukuthola isifo sikashukela se-modi kulula kakhulu. Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukwenza ucwaningo olwandisiwe lwe-genetic lwegazi hhayi lomntwana kuphela, kepha nolomndeni wakhe oseduze. Ukuxilongwa okunjalo kwenziwa kuphela ngemuva kokuqunywa uhlobo lokuthwala lokuguqulwa.

Ukulawula amazinga kashukela egazini, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ingane ilandele indlela ekhethekile yokudla. Kuyadingeka futhi ukumnikeza umsebenzi ofanele womzimba ukuze ubuyisele izinqubo ze-metabolic. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvakashela ukwelashwa kokuzivocavoca ukuze uvikele ukwenzeka kwezinkinga ngemithambo yegazi.

Ukwehlisa izinga lokukhuphuka kweglucose egazini, ingane inqunyelwe izidakamizwa ezikhethekile ezishisa ushukela: iGlucofage, Siofor, Metformin. Ufundiswa nokuzivocavoca ngokuphefumula nokuzivocavoca umzimba.

Kubalulekile ukuthi i-bran, i-Jerusalem artichoke, ama-legumes ne-fiber yemifino ihlale ikhona ekudleni. Kungakufanele ngokuphelele ukulahla ukusetshenziswa kwanoma iziphi amaswidi nokudla okunekhalori ephezulu.

Uma inhlala-kahle yengane ihlala iwa, leyo ndlela yokwelashwa inezelwa ngokuthatha umuthi. Ngokuvamile, amaphilisi akhethekile asetshenziselwa ukubopha ngokushesha nokukhipha ushukela omningi emzimbeni.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukwelashwa okunjalo kuyeka ukuletha noma iyiphi inzuzo, ngakho-ke kunikwa i-insulin therapy. Isheduli yokulawulwa kwezidakamizwa inqunywa ngudokotela ohambelayo, onqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukuthi aguqule.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela izincomo zochwepheshe ukuze uvikele ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga. Endabeni yokuntuleka isikhathi eside kwemithi edingekayo, isifo sikashukela siyinkimbinkimbi ngesikhathi sokuthomba. Lokhu kungathinta kabi isizinda se-hormonal, esiyingozi ikakhulukazi kumzimba okhulayo.