Kuze kube manje, amaphilisi weFetetin azisungule njengezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu ekulweni nesifo sikashukela sefomu elizimele. Ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo nentengo engabizi, umuthi ufuneka kakhulu phakathi kwabanesifo sikashukela.
I-metformin esebenzayo ye-izidakamizwa (mnn) iyingxenye yemithi eminingi yokwehlisa ushukela, kufaka namaphilisi weFetetin. Ingxenye esebenzayo evela eqenjini le-Biguanides yesizukulwane sesithathu futhi isiza ukwehlisa amazinga kashukela egazi.
IFomometine imvama ukubekelwa iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, ikakhulukazi uma lesi sifo senzeka ngokukhuluphala kwesisu.
I-ejenti elwa nesifo sikashukela ivimbela inqubo ye-gluconeogenesis, ukuthutha kwama-elektroni kwamaketanga okuphefumula kwe-mitochondria. I-Glycolysis ivuselelwa, amangqamuzana aqala ukumunca kangcono ushukela, futhi ukumunca kwawo odongeni lwamathumbu kuyancipha.
Enye yezinzuzo zefomu lesidakamizwa ukuthi akubangeli ukwehla okukhulu kwe-glucose. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-metformin hydrochloride, njengengxenye esebenzayo, akuyona into evuselelayo yokuqhekeka kwe-insulin ye-hormone.
Izici ezinhle zokulungiselela kwethebhulethi
Izinkomba eziphambili zokusebenzisa umuthi onjalo zimi ngokulandelayo:
- ukuba khona kwe-metabolic syndrome noma ukubonakaliswa kokumelana ne-insulin;
- njengomthetho, lapho kukhona ukumelana ne-insulin, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kukhula ezigulini, ngenxa yemiphumela ye-metformin kanye nokugcinwa kokudla okukhethekile kokudla, ukunciphisa umzimba kancane kancane kungatholakala;
- uma kukhona ukwephulwa kokubekezelela ushukela;
- eba nesifo se-ovary se-ecopolycystic;
- ifomu elizimele lesifo sikashukela njenge-monotherapy noma njengengxenye yokwelashwa okuphelele;
- ifomu lokuncika kwesifo sikashukela ngokuhlangana nemijovo ye-insulin.
Uma siqhathanisa i-drugmetmetin yezidakamizwa nezinye izidakamizwa ezinciphisa ushukela, izinzuzo eziphambili ezilandelayo ze-metformin kufanele zigqanyiswe:
- Umphumela wayo ekunciphiseni ukumelana ne-insulin esigulini. I-Metformin hydrochloride iyakwazi ukukhulisa ukuzwela kwamaseli nezicubu ku-glucose ekhiqizwa ama-pancreas.
- Ukuthatha lo muthi kuhambisana nokumunyiswa yizitho zepheshana lesisu. Ngakho-ke, ukunciphisa ijubane ukumuncwa kwe-glucose ngamathumbu kutholakale.
- Isiza ukuvimbela i-gluconeogeneis yesibindi, inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi isinxephezelo sikashukela.
- Kuyasiza ukwehlisa isifiso sokudla, okubaluleke kakhulu kwabanesifo sikashukela ngokweqile.
- Kunomphumela omuhle ku-cholesterol, kunciphisa okubi futhi kukhula okuhle.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuthi usiza ukuguqula inqubo ye-peroxidation yamafutha.
Imiyalo yokusebenzisa amaphilisi
IFommetin inemiyalo yokusebenzisa ethi umuthi uyatholakala ngefomu lethebhulethi ngendlela amaphilisi amhlophe e-biconvex.
Ukwakheka kwalesi sidakamizwa kufaka into esebenzayo ye-Metformin hydrochloride nezingxenye ezisizayo ngendlela ye-magnesium stearate, povidone ne-croscarmellose sodium.
Imithamo elandelayo yesidakamizwa ivezwa emakethe yamakhemikhali - 0.5 g, 0,85 g no-1 g wento esebenzayo. Ngokuya kobunzima be-hyperglycemia, uchwepheshe unikeza umthamo odingekayo wemithi. Onke amaphilisi e-formin angathengwa emabhokisini ezingcezu ezingama-30, 60 noma ezingama-120. Ukusetshenziswa kwabo kungenzeka kuphela njengoba kuchazwe udokotela ohambelayo (namuhla abesifazane abaningi basebenzisa izindlela zokunciphisa umzimba).
Indlela yokuphatha kanye nomthamo isethwe isiguli ngasinye ngawodwana, ngokususelwe kumingcele enjalo:
- ubulukhuni be-pathology kanye nezinga lokuxineka koshukela egaziniꓼ
- isigaba sesisindo seziguli nobudalaꓼ
- ukuba khona kwezifo ezihlangene.
Ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa, kunconywa ukuthi uvivinywe okudingekayo futhi uthathe izivivinyo ukuthola ubungozi obukhona nokubonakaliswa kokungaphenduki okuhle lapho usebenzisa umuthi.
I-drugmetmetin, njengomthetho, ithathwa ngokuya ngezinhlelo ezilandelayo:
- Ngomlomo ngemuva kokudla, ukuphuza uketshezi oluningi.
- Ukwelapha kokuqala kufanele kuqale ngokungenisa okuncane kwento esebenzayo futhi kube ngamamayela angamakhulu amahlanu ngosuku.
- Ekupheleni kwesikhathi (imvamisa ngemuva kwenkathi yamasonto amabili), udokotela ohambelayo, ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa kanye nenani le-glucose egazini, wenza isinqumo ngokushintsha umthamo womuthi. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi umthamo wansuku zonke ojwayelekile uhluka kusuka ku-500 kuye ku-1000 mg we-metformin hydrochloride esebenzayo.
- Ukudla okuphezulu kakhulu kwesidakamizwa esibhebhekiwe ngosuku akufanele kudlule i-3000 mg yesithako esisebenzayo, kubantu asebekhulile lesi sibalo singu-1000 mg.
Ungathatha i-formin kanye noma kaningana ngosuku, kuya ngomthamo osunguliwe.
Uma isiguli sidinga imithamo emikhulu yomuthi, kungcono ukwehlukanisa ukudla kwakhe izikhathi eziningana ngosuku.
Ukubonakaliswa okungalungile kwesidakamizwa
Umuthi ungathinta umzimba, ubonise imiphumela yawo emibi ngendlela yemiphumela emibi.
Ukuze unciphise ubungozi bokuvela kwabo, kubalulekile ukulandela yonke imiyalo kachwepheshe wezokwelapha.
Kuyanconywa futhi ukuthi uzijwayeze nolwazi olufakiwe kwithebhulethi.
Ukuphendula okungalungile okuphezulu okungenzeka ngenxa yokuphuza amaphilisi weFomuetin, kungakhathalekile ngomthamo, kufaka phakathi:
- ukuvela kwezinkinga ezahlukahlukene ngepheshana lesisu. Lokhu, okokuqala, izimpawu ezinjengokucanuzelelwa kwenhliziyo nokuhlanza, isifo sohudo, ukuqhakaza nobubele besisu
- umuthi ukhulisa ubungozi be-anorexiaꓼ
- Ukushintshwa kwemizwa yokunambitha kungenzeka, okubonakala ngokuvela kwemidwebo engemnandi yensimbi emgodini womlomo
- ukwehla kwenani le-vithamini B, kukuphoqa ukuthi uthathe izidakamizwa ezengeziwe ngezithasiselo zokwelapha добав
- ukubonakaliswa kwe-anemiaꓼ
- nge-overdose ebalulekile, kungahle kube nengozi ye-hypoglycemiaꓼ
- Izinkinga zesikhumba, uma kuvela ukubonakala kokungezwani nomuthi ophuzwayo.
Ezinye iziguli zikholelwa ukuthi i-formin iyi-antibiotic. Eqinisweni, umuthi awusiwo weqembu elinjalo lezidakamizwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ezinganeni, ukusetshenziswa komuthi wokuqeda i-hyperglycemia kuyenqatshelwe.
Imiphumela emibi nayo ingenzeka ngenxa yemithi engafanele noma ngokuzilapha. Ukuhlanganisa iFomu namanye amadivaysi ezokwelapha (ngendlela yamathebulethi, ukumiswa, izixazululo zomjovo wamakilasi ahlukahlukene kanye namaqembu) kungenzeka kuphela ngemvume kadokotela wezokwelapha.
Imiphi imithetho evimbela ukusetshenziswa kwomuthi?
I-Contethine contraindication ikhonjisiwe ephepheni lokulungiselela kwethebhulethi.
Umenzi wazisa bonke abathengi okungenzeka ngemininingwane ngamacala lapho akwamukeleki ukusebenzisa umuthi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, imiyalo futhi ihlinzeka ngemininingwane yokuthi iyiphi imithi nezinto i-Formetin esebenza kuzo.
Kwenqatshelwe ukuphuza umuthi uma kukhonjwa izici ezilandelayo:
- I-acidosis ngamafomu asebusweni noma angalapheki.
- Amantombazane ngesikhathi sokuzala ingane noma ukuncelisa.
- Iziguli zeminyaka yokuthatha umhlalaphansi, ikakhulukazi ngemuva kweminyaka engamashumi ayisithupha nanhlanu.
- Ukungabekezeleli kwengxenye yomuthi, ngoba ukuthuthukiswa kokungezwani komzimba okunamandla kungenzeka.
- Uma isiguli sitholakala sinehluleki senhliziyo.
- Ngokuhlasela kwenhliziyo okwedlule nesifo sikashukela.
- Uma kwenzeka i-hypoxia
- Ngesikhathi sokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, okungadalwa futhi yi-pathologies ehlukahlukene yokutheleleka.
- Ukuzikhandla ngokweqile.
- Izifo zesisu, okubandakanya ukuba khona kwezilonda.
- Ukwehluleka kwesibindi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, inhlanganisela yokwelashwa okwelapha notshwala (utshwala kunoma yikuphi ukubonakaliswa) ayemukeleki.
Uma isiguli sisebenza ngezinso, ingozi yokwanda kwe-lactic acidosis ingakhuphuka, ngoba inani elikhulu le-lactic acid emzimbeni liqala ukuqongelela.
Ukubuyekezwa kochwepheshe bezokwelapha neziguli nama-analogues
Ukuchazwa kwamafomethi wethebhulethi kanye nokubuyekezwa kwabathengi abaningi kubonisa ukusebenza kwawo okuphezulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, iningi leziguli libonisa ukubekezelela okulula komuthi nokungabikho kwemiphumela emibi ehlukahlukene.
IFommetin inentengo emakhemisi ama-ruble ayikhulu futhi kuncike ezicini eziningana.
Izici ezithinta izindleko zomuthi yilezi ezilandelayo:
- inani lamathebulethi ngalinye
- umthamo wento esebenzayoꓼ
- idolobha lokuthengisa nekhemisi.
Izindleko ze-formin zi-oda lobukhulu eliphansi kunezinye izidakamizwa eziqukethe i-metformin hydrochloride esebenzayo. Kungakho, ochwepheshe abaningi bezokwelapha bancoma ukusebenzisa leli thuluzi ukwenza ngokwejwayelekile i-glycemia kwisifo sikashukela. Ukuphawula kodokotela ngomthelela omuhle ezingeni le-glucose esegazini, ukungathathi hlangothi kokuthuthuka kokuphikiswa kwe-insulin, kusivumela ukuthi siphethe ngokuthi iFormetin ngempela inketho yesabelomali eletha umphumela omuhle.
Izinhlobo ze-formimetin ezimakethe zamakhemikhali zimelelwa ngobuningi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izidakamizwa ezijwayelekile kanye nezidakamizwa ezihambelana nazo, ezingaba nokwakheka okuhlukile, kepha zibe nomphumela ofanayo. Lapho ufuna obambele, kufanele uqale uthole izeluleko ngudokotela wakho ongancoma inketho efanelekile.
Imikhiqizo elandelayo yemithi ifakiwe kwinombolo ye-Formmetin analogues:
- I-Bagomet.
- Glyminfor.
- I-Glycon.
- I-Glucophage.
- Langerine.
- I-Metfogamma.
- ISofamet.
- I-Metformin.
- I-NovoFormin.
Zonke izidakamizwa ezingenhla ziphakathi kwamathebulethi anciphisa ushukela anomphumela we-hypoglycemic. Isithako esikhulu esisebenzayo yi-metformin hydrochloride. Izidakamizwa ezinjalo empeleni azihlukile kuneFomine. Umehluko ungahle uhambisane nenani lemiphumela emibi noma i-contraindication ekhonjisiwe, kanye nezindleko zomuthi.
Kwesinye isikhathi, i-formin ichazwa njengendlela yokwelapha ehlangene isebenzisa izidakamizwa ezinjenge-atorvastatin noma i-glycine.
Yiziphi izidakamizwa zesifo sikashukela ezizosiza ukuguqula ushukela wegazi, kusho uchwepheshe kule vidiyo ekulesi sihloko.
