Isibonakaliso secretion ejwayelekile ye-insulin ukukhulisa amazinga kashukela egazi hhayi ngaphezulu kuka-5.5 mmol / L uma kulinganiswa esiswini esingenalutho. Lokhu kugxila kuyisithiyo ekuvikeleni ushukela yizinso, ngakho-ke abantu abaphilile bangaba namanani amancane (umkhondo) kashukela kumchamo wabo ongatholakali yi-urinalysis ejwayelekile.
Ku-diabetes, lapho umkhawulo we-renal wedluliwe, ushukela uqala ukukhishwa emzimbeni kanye nomthamo ophakeme we-fluid. Lolu phawu lwesifo sikashukela lubizwa ngokuthi yi-glucosuria.
Ukuvela kwe-glucose kumchamo kwisifo sikashukela kubonisa ukunxeshezelwa okunganele kwesifo, uma yonke imithetho yocwaningo ibonwa.
Umshini weglucose emchameni
Umchamo emzimbeni wakheka ngokuhlunga igazi yizinso. Ukwakheka kwalo kuya ngesimo sezinqubo ze-metabolic, umsebenzi we-tubules we-renal kanye ne-glomeruli, ohlelweni lokuphuza nokudla okunempilo.
Ekuqaleni, kwakhiwa umchamo oyinhloko, lapho kungekho khona amangqamuzana egazi namangqamuzana amakhulu amaprotheni. Ngemuva kwalokho, izinto ezinobuthi kufanele zisuswe ngokuphela komchamo wesibili, bese ama-amino acid, ushukela, nezinto zokulandela umkhondo ezidingekayo zenqubo ye-metabolic zibuyiselwa egazini.
Kwi-glucose, kukhona isigaba esibucayi sokuqukethwe kwayo egazini, lapho kungangeni khona umchamo. Ibizwa ngokuthi umbundu we-renal. Kumuntu omdala, umuntu ophilile ngu-9-10 mmol / L, futhi nangobudala, umkhawulo wezinso ungaphansi. Ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-12 ubudala, leli zinga lingama-10-12 mmol / L.
Ukwephulwa kokufakwa kwe-reverse kuthintwa hhayi kuphela ngokuqukethwe kweglucose egazini, kodwa futhi ngesimo sohlelo lokuhlunga lwezinso, ngenxa yalokho, ezifweni, ikakhulukazi ku-nephropathy engapheli, i-glucose ingavela emchamo nge-glucose ejwayelekile egazini.
I-Phluological Glucosuria
Imvamisa, ushukela ungabonakala umchamo ngokudla okubalulekile kwama-carbohydrate ngokudla, inani elikhulu le-caffeine, kanye nengcindezi enkulu, ngemuva kokuqina ngokweqile komzimba. Lezi ziqephu ezinjalo zivame ukuhlala isikhashana futhi, ngezifundo eziphindaphindwe, i-urinalysis ikhombisa ukuntuleka koshukela.
I-Corticosteroids, i-thiazide diuretics, i-anabolics, i-estrogen nayo ingadala i-glucosuria yesikhashana. Ngemuva kokuyeka ukuthatha imishanguzo enjalo, ushukela kumchamo ubuyela kokujwayelekile.
Ukuvela kweshukela emchameni kubonakaliswa kwabesifazane abakhulelwe ku-trimester yesithathu. Abesifazane abanjalo badinga ezinye izivivinyo zaselebhu zokwelapha isifo sikashukela. Uma ingekho ngemuva kokuzalwa, i-glucosuria inyamalala ngaphandle komkhondo.
Isizathu sokwephulwa kwe-carbohydrate metabolism kwabesifazane abakhulelwe ukukhishwa kwamahomoni e-placenta enza okuphambene ne-insulin. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukumelana ne-insulin kukhula, futhi ukuvela kwayo kukhuphuka ngokunxephezela. Izimpawu ezihlanganiswa noshukela wegazi ophezulu kanye ne-glucosuria zifaka:
- Ukwanda kwesifiso sokudla nokoma.
- Izifo ezithinta i-Vaginal
- Umfutho wegazi ophakeme.
- Ukuchama kaningi.
Kungaba yizimpawu zesifo sikashukela sokuthambisa umzimba.
Iqembu lengcuphe lifaka abesifazane abaphucwa yizisu, inzalo enkulu kuzalo zangaphambilini, abanesifiso sokuthola isifo sikashukela futhi bakhuluphele.
Glucosuria in isifo sezinso
Isifo sikashukela se-renal siyindlela yokufakwa kwe-glucose okubucayi ezingxenyeni zezinso, okuwumphumela wezifo zohlelo lwezinso. Nge-glucosuria yezinso, ushukela kumchamo ungaba sezingeni elijwayelekile le-glycemic.
Ngasikhathi sinye, umkhawulo we-renal we-glucose uyancipha, ungaba khona emchameni ngisho ne-hypoglycemia. I-glucosuria enjalo ivame ukubonwa ezinganeni ezinobuchopho bokuzala futhi ibizwa ngokuthi i-primary renal glucosuria.
Lokhu kufaka phakathi: I-Fanconi syndrome, lapho kuphazamiseka khona izigaxa zezinso kanye nezifo zezinso zezinso, lapho izicubu zezinso zichithwe khona. Izifo ezinjengalezi ziholela ekubonakaleni kwamaprotheni emchameni kanye ne-pH ephezulu yomchamo.
I-glucosuria yesibili ivela ezimeni ezinjalo ze-pathological:
- INephrosis
- I-glomerulonephritis engapheli.
- I-Nephrotic syndrome.
- Ukwehluleka kwangempela
- I-Glomerulossteosis kushukela.
Ngezifo zezinso, umchamo unamandla adonsela phansi aphansi, amangqamuzana abomvu egazi, amaseli amhlophe egazi, namaprotheni anqunywa.
I-Glucosuria kushukela
Ngokufakwa ngaphandle kwe-renal pathology, izifo zezindlala ze-pituitary kanye ne-thyroid, izindlala ze-adrenal, kungacatshangwa ukuthi ukuvela kweshukela emchameni kukhombisa ukwanda okuqhubekayo kwezinga layo legazi ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela.
Ebuhlungwini bezinso, ukumunca i-glucose kwenzeka ngokubamba iqhaza kwe-hexokinase ye-enzyme, okusebenza ngayo ukubamba iqhaza kwe-insulin, ngakho-ke, ngokuntuleka ngokuphelele kwe-insulin, umkhawulo we-renal uyancipha, Ngakho-ke, ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-1, izinga le-glucosuria alibonisi ukwanda kweshukela.
Ngokuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga zesifo sikashukela i-mellitus ngendlela yesifo sikashukela, izicubu zezinso ezijwayelekile zithathelwa indawo izicubu ezithintekayo, ngakho-ke, ngisho noshukela wegazi ophakeme, awutholi umchamo.
Ezimweni ezijwayelekile zesifo sikashukela i-mellitus ngokubakhona kwe-glucose kumchamo wesiguli, umuntu angahlulela ukuphumelela kokubuyiswa kwesifo sikashukela, ukubukeka kwayo kuyinkomba yokwandisa umthamo wamaphilisi okwehlisa ushukela noma i-insulin.
Ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, ushukela, ngenxa yokuheha ukuheha uketshezi kusuka ezicutshini, kubangela izimpawu ezilandelayo zokuphelelwa ngamandla:
- Isidingo esengeziwe samanzi, okunzima ukuqeda ukoma.
- Umlomo owomile onesifo sikashukela.
- Ukhuphula ukuchama.
- Isikhumba esomile nolwelwesi lwe-mucous.
- Ubuthakathaka obukhulayo.
Ukulahlekelwa ushukela kumchamo lapho kungenakwenzeka ukumunca izicubu kuholela ekutheni ama-carbohydrate awakwazi ukusebenza njengomthombo wamandla, njengasemzimbeni ophilile. Ngakho-ke, iziguli, ngaphandle kokudla okwandayo, zithambekele ekunciphiseni isisindo.
Emzimbeni, ngokuntuleka kweglucose emangqamuzaneni, imizimba ye-ketone enobuthi ebuchosheni iqala ukwakheka.
I-Extrarenal Glucosuria
Ngaphezu kwesifo sikashukela, ukulimala kugebhezi nobuchopho, i-encephalitis eyingozi, i-meningitis, i-hemorrhagic stroke, kanye ne-anesthesia eqhubeka isikhathi eside kungadala ukuvela kwe-glucose kumchamo okhutshiwe. Kulezi zimo, kukhona ukukhuphuka kweglucose yegazi ngenxa yokwanda kokuqhekeka kwesibindi kweglycogen.
I-hyperglycemia yesikhashana kanye ne-glucosuria ihambisana ne-pancreatitis eyingozi, ngenkathi ukubonakala kwayo kukhombisa izinga lenkqubo yokuvuvukala nokwanda kwayo. Njengomthetho, ngokwelashwa okuphumelelayo kwalesi sifo esiyisisekelo, glucose kumchamo uyanyamalala.
IGlucosuria ingaba nezifo ezihambisana nokushisa komzimba okuphezulu, izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye namagciwane, kanye nobuthi nge-strychnine, morphine, i-carbon monoxide.
Uma i-glucose kumchamo ingekho ngokuphelele, khona-ke lokhu kungaba wuphawu lokutheleleka ngegciwane kwipheshana lomchamo, kepha lolu phawu alunalo inani elizimele lokuxilonga.
Unganquma kanjani i-glucose kumchamo?
Ukuhlolwa komchamo ushukela kungabekwa ekuhlolweni kwesifo sikashukela kanye nokuhlolwa kokusebenza ngempumelelo kwaso, kanye nokuthola umsebenzi wezinso noma ngezifo zohlelo lwe-endocrine namanyikwe.
Ezinsukwini ezi-2 ngaphambi kokuhlaziywa, ama-diuretics awanconywa, futhi usuku alufaki utshwala, ukucindezela okungokomzwelo nangokomzimba, kanye nokudla okune-carbohydrate. Imithi ingathinta imiphumela yocwaningo, ngakho-ke ukuphathwa kwabo kufanele kuvunyelwane nodokotela oholayo.
Ngokuthola kwe-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, ukunqunywa kwe-glucosuria kuyindlela yokusiza futhi kuhlolwa ngokuhambisana nezikhalazo zesiguli kanye nokuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-glycemia, ukuhlolwa kokubekezelelwa kwe-glucose kanye nezinye izifundo ze-biochemical.
Ekhaya, imichilo yokuhlola ingasetshenziselwa ukuvivinya i-glucosuria. Le ndlela ebonakalayo ikuvumela ukuthi uhlole ubukhona beshukela kumchamo kungakapheli imizuzu engu-3-5, okungahle kube uphawu oluqondile lokunyuka koshukela wegazi.
Ividiyo ekulesi sihloko izokhuluma ngesimo esijwayelekile phakathi kwabanesifo sikashukela - ukuba khona kweglucose emchameni.
