Umuthi i-Liraglutid wawusetshenziswa kabanzi emuva ngo-2009, usetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukukhuluphala kohlobo 2 sikashukela. Le ejenti ye-hypoglycemic iyajova, ivunyelwe ukusetshenziswa emazweni amaningi omhlaba, kufaka neRussia. Kuqala, imijovo yenziwa ngaphansi kwegama lokuhweba iViktoza, kusukela ngo-2015, umuthi ungathengwa ngaphansi kwegama elithi Saksenda.
Kalula nje, into efanayo esebenzayo ngaphansi kwamagama ahlukene okuhweba isebenza ngokulinganayo, isiza ekwelapheni isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 nembangela yaso eyinhloko - ukukhuluphala kobunzima obuhlukahlukene.
I-Liraglutide iyi-analogue yokwenziwa ye-peptide efana ne-glucagon yabantu, iyafana nesitatimende sayo cishe i-97%. Ngesikhathi sokusebenzisa umuthi, umzimba awuhlukanisi phakathi kwama-peptides angempela akhiwa emzimbeni kanye nawokufakelwa. Umuthi ubopha kuma-receptors adingekayo, wenza kusebenze ukukhiqizwa kwe-glucagon, i-insulin. Ngemuva kwesikhashana esithile, izindlela zemvelo zokuthungwa kwe-insulin zenziwa zenziwe ngendlela ejwayelekile, ngaleyo ndlela zifinyelela ushukela ojwayelekile.
Ukungena egazini ngomjovo, iLyraglutide (Viktoza) inyusa izinga lama-peptides, ibuyise ama-pancreas, i-glycemia ijwayelekile. Ngenxa yokwelashwa, ukutholwa okuphelele kwazo zonke izinto eziwusizo kusuka ekudleni kuyaphawulwa, isiguli siyasusa:
- izimpawu ezibuhlungu zesifo sikashukela;
- isisindo ngokweqile.
Intengo ephakathi yesidakamizwa isukela ku-9 kuya ku-14 000 ruble.
Imiyalo yokusebenzisa umuthi
I-Liraglutide ekwelapheni uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 nokukhuluphala kumele isetshenziswe kwifomu lomthamo weSaksenda, ingathengwa ngohlobo lwesirinji. Ukwahlukaniswa kwakhelwa isirinji, kusiza ekuboneni umthamo oqondile wemithi futhi kusebenze ukuphathwa kwayo. Ukuqoqwa kwento esebenzayo kusuka ku-0.6 kuye ku-3 mg, isinyathelo ngu-0.6 mg.
Usuku lomuntu okhuluphele ngokumelene nesifo sikashukela lidinga i-3 mg yomuthi, ngenkathi isikhathi sosuku, ukudla kanye neminye imithi kungadlali indima ekhethekile. Esontweni lokuqala lokwelashwa, nsuku zonke kuyadingeka ukujova u-0.6 mg, njalo ngeviki elilandelayo kufakwa umthamo owenyuka ngo-0.6 mg. Kakade esontweni lesihlanu lokwelashwa nangaphambi kokuphela kwenkambo, kunconyelwa ukujova hhayi ngaphezulu kwama-3 mg ngosuku.
Umuthi kufanele uphathwe kanye ngosuku, ngoba lokhu ihlombe, isisu noma ithanga kulungele kahle. Isiguli singashintsha isikhathi sokuphatha umuthi, kepha lokhu akufanele kuboniswe kumthamo. Ukwehla kwesisindo, umuthi usetshenziselwa kuphela injongo ye-endocrinologist.
Imvamisa, i-Viktoza yezidakamizwa iyadingeka kulabo abanesifo sikashukela 2 abangakwazi ukunciphisa umzimba futhi baguqule isimo sabo ngokuhambisana nesizinda:
- ukwelashwa kokudla;
- ukuthatha izidakamizwa ukwehlisa ushukela.
Kubalulekile futhi ukusebenzisa umuthi ukubuyisela i-glycemia ezigulini ezihlushwa izinguquko emazingeni e-glucose.
I-contraindication esemqoka
Umuthi awukwazi ukubekwa phambi kokungabekezelelani komuntu ngamunye kwizakhi, ukutholakala kohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, ukulimala okukhulu kwesibindi, izinso, ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo 3 no-4 degrees.
Contraindication ozosebenzisa kuzoba ama-pathologies wamathumbu wokuvuvukala, ama-neignas ne-neoplasms angasebenzi kahle ku-gland yegilo, ukukhulelwa kanye nokuncelisa, i-multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome.
Odokotela abayincomi i-Liraglutide ngokubambisana ne-insulin engajova kweziguli ezingaphezu kweminyaka engama-75, nge-pancreatic ukuvuvukala okuqinisekisiwe (i-pancreatitis), ngesikhathi sokwelapha ne-GLP-1 receptor antagonists.
Ngokuqapha ngokweqile, ikhambi lokukhuluphala libekelwe ukuba lithayiphe abanesifo sikashukela be-II abane-pathologies yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Namuhla akukasungulwa ukuthi imijovo izosebenza kanjani uma isetshenziswa kanyekanye nezinye izidakamizwa ukwenza isisindo somzimba sibe ngokwejwayelekile.
Kulokhu, iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela akufanele zenze ukuhlolwa futhi zisebenzise zonke izinhlobo zezindlela zokwelapha ukuqeda ukukhuluphala. Amathuba okusebenzisa i-Liraglutide kwabanesifo sikashukela ngokweqile ngaphansi kweminyaka eyi-18, ukufaneleka kwendlela enjalo yokwelashwa kumele kunqunywe ngemuva:
- ukuxilongwa okuphelele komzimba;
- izivivinyo ezidlulayo.
Kuphela uma lesi simo sihlangabezana, isiguli ngeke sizilimaze.
Imiphumela emibi
I-Liraglutide yokwelapha ukukhuluphala kwezinye izimo ibangela ukuphazamiseka komgudu wokugaya ukudla, ezimweni ezingamaphesenti angama-40 ukugcwala kwenhliziyo kanye nokuhlanza. Wonke umuntu onesifo sikashukela wesihlanu ophuza ukwelashwa unesifo sohudo noma ukuqunjelwa.
Cishe i-8% yeziguli ezithatha umuthi ekulweni nokukhuluphala zikhala ngokukhathala ngokweqile nokukhathala. Isiguli ngasinye sesithathu ngokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwemijovo sinama-hypoglycemia, kulesi simo, ushukela wegazi wehlela emazingeni aphansi ngokweqile.
Akukho ukusabela okungekuhle okungahle kube khona komzimba ngemuva kokuthatha noma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-Victoza yile: ukugula kwekhanda, ukungezwani komzimba, izifo zokuphefumula eziphezulu, ukwanda kwenhliziyo, ukubhuqa, isifo sohudo.
Noma yimuphi umphumela ongafuneki uvame ukuvela ngosuku lokuqala noma lwesibili lokwelashwa, khona-ke imvamisa nobukhali bezimpawu kancane kancane buyanyamalala. Njengoba i-liraglutide idala izinkinga ngokunyakaza kwamathumbu, lokhu kuthinta ukusebenza kwezinye izidakamizwa ezisetshenziswayo.
Kodwa-ke, ukwephulwa okunjalo akuyona into enkulu kakhulu, isimo singalungiswa ngokulungisa umthamo wemithi. Umuthi uvunyelwe ukusetshenziswa ndawonye nemithi, kubandakanya izinto:
- metformin;
- nguyenkungu.
Ngokuhlanganiswa okunjalo, ukwelashwa kwenzeka ngaphandle kokusabela okubi.
Ukusebenza Kokwehla Kwesisindo
Umuthi osuselwa kwinto esebenzayo ye-liraglutide usiza abanesifo sikashukela ukunciphisa umzimba ikakhulukazi ngokuvimbela isilinganiso sokutholwa kokudla, futhi ngenxa yalokho, umuntu udla okuncane, akatholi amafutha omzimba.
Ukusebenza kwesidakamizwa kuphakama kaningi uma kusetshenziswa njengokungezwa kokudla kilojoule ephansi. Imijovo ayikwazi ukujojwa njengeyona ndlela esemqoka yokuqeda ukukhuluphala, umuthi okulesi simo ngeke usebenze kahle.
Kuboniswa ukuyeka ngokuphelele imilutha, ukukhulisa ubukhulu kanye nesikhathi somsebenzi womzimba. Lokhu kusiza ukwehlisa isisindo kuze kube yingxenye yohlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela esithatha iVictoza.
Ngokuvamile, cishe i-80% yabantu abagulayo bangathembela kumandla amahle kashukela.
Ngokusho kokubuyekezwa, umphumela ofanayo ungatholakala uma cishe yonke inkambo yokwelashwa injove umuthi umthamo ongaphansi kwama-3 mg.
Inani, izifanekisisi zomuthi
Izindleko zemijovo zinqunywa inani lempahla esemqoka esebenzayo. Isisulu sokuphathwa kwe-subcutaneous ye-6 mg / ml - kusuka kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane eziyi-10; ama-cartridge ngepeni yesirinji 6 mg / ml - kusuka ku-9,5 izinkulungwane, iViktoza 18 mg / 3 ml - kusuka kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane eziyi-9; I-Saksenda yokuphatha okungaphansi kwe-6 mg / ml - izinkulungwane ezingama-27.
Umuthi i-Liraglutide une-analogues eziningana ngasikhathi sinomphumela ofanayo emzimbeni womuntu: INovonorm (esetshenziselwa ukwelapha isifo sikashukela i-mellitus, i-glycemia iyancipha kahle), i-Baeta (isho ama-amidopeptides, inhibits gastric sheding, lowers hamu).
Kwezinye iziguli, i-analogue yeLixumia ifanelekile, ijwayelekile i-glycemia kungakhathaleki ukuthi kudliwani ukudla. Ungasebenzisa futhi umuthi i-Forsig, kuyadingeka ukuvimbela ukumuncwa kashukela, ukunciphisa ukusebenza kwawo ngemuva kokudla.
Ngabe lusebenza ngempumelelo kangakanani ukwelashwa kokukhuluphala kushukela kanye neLyraglutide, udokotela okhona kuphela okufanele anqume. Ngokuzelapha, ukusabela okungafuneki komzimba cishe njalo kukhula; akunakwenzeka ukufeza umphumela wokwelapha.
Izingozi nezindlela zokwelapha ukukhuluphala oshukela kuzofakwa kwividiyo ekulesi sihloko.
