Isifo sikashukela yisifo esenzeka lapho ukungasebenzi kahle kwamanyikwe, okuyeka ukukhiqiza i-insulin. Lesi sifo siyingozi ngoba ukuthuthukiswa kwaso kuphazamisa ukusebenza kwezinye izitho nezinhlelo emzimbeni, kubandakanya nezinguquko ezimbi kwezicubu zamathambo.
Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi kushukela, izicubu zamathambo ziyancipha ngenxa yokwehla kwamathambo. Noma kunjalo, kukhona izinguquko ku-microarchitonics yayo. Lapho isisindo samathambo siba sincane, amathuba okuqhekeka akhuphuka kakhulu. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi kubantu abanesifo sikashukela isisindo sokuqala samathambo sincane, ngakho-ke, ukuncipha kwabo kushesha ukwedlula kubantu abanempilo, nakho okwenza ukwelashwa kube nzima.
Ngeshwa, isifo sikashukela asikwazi ukwelashwa ngokuphelele, kepha ukunxeshezelwa kwezifo kungenzeka. Le ndlela ukuphela kwendlela yokuvikela ubungozi bokuthola ubunzima obuhlukahlukene futhi uvikeleke ekuqhekekeni.
I-Osteoporosis ne-osteopenia: izimbangela, izimpawu nezimpawu zobungozi
I-Osteopenia (ukuncishiswa kwezicubu zamathambo) ibhekwa njengeyokomzimba, yokutholwa kwesisindo kanye nokwehla kwayo ngesikhathi sokukhula. Futhi nge-osteoporosis, okunye ukuphazamiseka kujoyina ukuncipha kwamaseli amathambo, okwenza amathambo abe buthaka kakhudlwana ngenxa yokuthi iklabishi ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela livela kaningi.
Ngobudala, i-osteoporosis izothuthuka, iphumele ekukhubazekeni nasekufeni. Imvamisa ukuwohloka kwe-ankle, intamo yowesifazane, imilenze yaphezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphezu kwabanye ukulimala okunjalo abesifazane abaneminyaka engama-50.
Ngokuphathelene nezimbangela zokuphuka, kulokhu, ukunakwa okukhethekile kunikezwa isilinganiso esanele se-insulin, ngenxa yalokho ukwenziwa kwe-collagen (into ethintekayo ekwakhekeni kwamathambo) kuncishisiwe. Kukhona ezinye izimbangela ze-osteopenia yesifo sikashukela:
- I-Hyperglycemia, ethinta kabi ukusebenza kwama-osteoblasts.
- Ukwehlulwa kwemithambo yegazi, ngakho-ke, akunakukwazi ukunikeza ngokuphelele amathambo ngegazi.
- Ukushoda kwe-insulin, okunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-Vitamin D, okuholela ekwephulekeni kwesilinganiso se-calcium emzimbeni.
- Ukuntuleka kwesisindo, lapho inqwaba yengxenye yamathambo nayo incishisiwe.
Esigabeni sokuqala sokuqaqanjelwa kwamathambo, abanesifo sikashukela bakhathazekile ngobuhlungu be-back and malaise. Ubunzima balezi zimpawu kuya ngesimo sempilo sesiguli. Ngasikhathi sinye, izimpawu ezingemnandi kungenzeka zingasiphazamisi njalo isiguli, kepha zivele ngesikhathi esithile sosuku.
Uma ukwaphuka kungenzeki ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, kepha umuntu uzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu, khona-ke ukubonakala kwe-micro-fracture (evame ukwakheka ku-vertebrae) kungenzeka. Lesi simo kungenzeka sihambisane nezimpawu ezicacile noma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, sizibonakalise kakhulu, sincisha isiguli amandla okuhamba.
Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi ukwaphuka kukhonjiswe ngobuhlungu, kushintshana nezikhathi zokuxolelwa. Uma kungekho ukwelashwa kwalesi simo, kungaba nezinkinga ezinzima. Ngakho-ke, uma ukwaphuka kuhambisana nokuhlukumezeka, khona-ke ukubonakala kwemizwa ebuhlungu obukhulu kwenzeka lapho iziphetho zezinzwa zicindezelwa.
Imvamisa ngokuqhekeka, izinhlungu zihamba ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-1.5. Kepha uma kwenzeka umonakalo emathanjeni esifundeni se-vertebrae, ukuqina kwezimpawu, ukwakheka okulandelayo kwe-hump kanye nokwenziwa kwezinye iziphikisi kukholamu yomgogodla kungenzeka.
Ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe ukuze kube nobungozi obukhulisa amathuba okuqhekeka kwesifo sikashukela. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
- ukwaphuka okwedlule, ngenxa yokuthi kwakukhona ukuncipha kwezicubu zamathambo;
- uma ithambo eliphukile livulekile, khona-ke ingozi yokutheleleka noma ukungena kwamagciwane esilondeni kuyanda;
- ukukhuphuka kweglucose ngesikhathi sokuwohloka kwesifo sikashukela kunomthelela ongemuhle kumaseli wengxenye yamathambo;
- nge-hyperglycemia, ukwakhiwa okwandayo kwemikhiqizo ye-metabolic kuyaphawulwa, okunciphisa kakhulu inqubo yokulungiswa kwezicubu.
Futhi, amathuba wokuqhekeka akhuphuka nge-pathologies ekhona yesistimu ye-musculoskeletal futhi esimweni sokuzivikela komzimba esibuthaka.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingozi ikhula uma i-pathology ikhula inqubo yokwakhiwa kwezicubu zamathambo eyayingaphendulanga ekwelashweni ngaphambili.
Isifo Sikashukela Fracture Ukwelashwa
Ukwelashwa kwe-Fracture kukhethwa ngakunye esigulini ngasinye. Ngakho-ke, ngokwesibonelo, uma owesifazane oneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50 ephula umlenze, ukwelashwa kuzoba isikhathi eside futhi kube nzima ngokwengeziwe.
Kepha kunezici eziningi ezisetshenzisiwe cishe kuzo zonke izindlela zokwelapha ze-fractures. Ngaphandle kokuhluleka, zonke iziguli zibekelwa ama-analgesics, ngoba ukungabikho kobuhlungu kufaka isandla ekuvuseleleni ngokushesha.
Izinyathelo nazo zithathwa ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yezicubu zamathambo. Ngale njongo, kusetshenziswa izindlela ezikhethekile, kanti kwezinye izimo, i-osteosynthesis, ukufakwa kwama-speaker nezikhonkwane, okuqinisa futhi kuvimbele ukuthuthukiswa kwama-fractures, kwenziwa.
Ukuze kuhlanganiswe amathambo afanele, i-splint, i-plaster cast noma ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa endaweni ethintekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinyathelo ezilandelayo zokwelashwa ziyadingeka:
- Ukugqugquzela ukungatheleleki. Kutholakale ngokuthatha amaminerali, ama-vitamin complexes nemithi ethile. Izakhiwo eziyasiza kakhulu amavithamini yiComplivit Diabetes, Doppelherz yabanesifo sikashukela, i-Oligim.
- Ukonakala kwenxeba, ukuvimbela ukutheleleka kwalo. Ama-fractures avulekile aphathwa njalo ngama-antimicrobial agents.
- Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukubuyiselwa emuva okuhlose ukuqalwa kokuhamba nokusebenza okujwayelekile kwamalunga.
Imvamisa, ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngenxa yezicucu eziyinkimbinkimbi zentambo yasesinqeni noma sowesifazane. Esimweni sokuqhekeka okulula, okuhambisana nokwenziwa kokudonswa kwempahla noma ukuthunyelwa kwamathambo, akukho misebenzi eyenziwayo.
Ukugqama kweziqhwa okwenzeka ngokumelene nesizinda sikashukela ukuthi ngemuva kokuhlanganiswa, ithambo alinakuba namandla, kepha ngakolunye uhlangothi kulahlekelwa amandla alo.
Kungakho ukuqhekeka kwentamo sowesifazane nasesinqeni kuyingozi kakhulu, ngoba ukulimala okwengeziwe kungaba nomthelela ekwenziweni kwamathambo okungafanele.
Ukuvimbela
Ukuthuthukiswa kwamathambo wesifo sikashukela kungavinjelwa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, thatha uvithamini D nosawoti we-calcium. Futhi, isiguli sidinga ukuhola indlela yokuphila esebenzayo futhi sinamathele ekudleni okukhethekile kwe-calcium.
Kubalulekile futhi ukunxephezela isifo sikashukela ngokugwema izinkinga kanye nokuhlasela okungazelelwe ku-glycemia. Uma kungenzeka, izici zobungozi kufanele zisuswe (ukunciphisa isisindo, ukugwema ukucindezela nokuyeka umlutha).
Okubaluleke kakhulu ekuvinjelweni kwamathambo kusifo sikashukela yindlela yokuzivocavoca yesifo sikashukela. Ngosizo lokuzivocavoca we-physiotherapy, kungenzeka ukukhuthaza ukuhamba ngokuhlanganyela, uqinise izicubu, futhi ususe nobuhlungu emuva. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inomphumela omuhle kwizinqubo ze-metabolic ezithinteke ku-hyperglycemia engapheli.
Eminye imidlalo efana nokudansa, ukuhamba, ukugijimisa ukubhukuda nayo iwusizo. Futhi, abanesifo sikashukela baboniswa izivivinyo okuhloswe ngazo ukuthuthukisa ukuguquguquka nokulinganisela, ukuqinisa imisipha yemilenze, isisu nomhlane, okuwukuvimbela ukuwa kokuwa.
Ukhuphula amandla amathambo, inani elifanelekile lamavithamini D ne-calcium kufanele lidakwe. Kunokudla okwenziwa nsuku zonke kwe-calcium ngezigaba ezahlukahlukene zabantu:
- i-lactating, abesifazane abakhulelwe nentsha - 1200-1500 mg;
- abesilisa (abaneminyaka engama-25-65) nabesifazane (abaneminyaka engama-25-50 ubudala) - ukuya ku-1000 mg;
- amadoda angaphezu kuka-65, abesifazane abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 - 1500 mg.
Kepha ekudleni kwabantu abaningi, isilinganiso sansuku zonke se-calcium singama-600-800 mg. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukulinganisela imenyu yansuku zonke, ukuyicebisa nge-protein yezilwane nemifino, amavithamini kanye namaminerali.
Inani elikhulu le-calcium litholakala emifino, ushizi, imifino, izinhlanzi zolwandle, amantongomane, izithelo, imbewu nezinhlamvu. Kepha iningi layo litholakala emikhiqizweni yobisi.
Isimo sansuku zonke se-vithamini D kwabesifazane abasebasha nabesilisa yi-400 IU, esemdala - 800 IU. Le vithamini itholakala ezinhlanzini ezinamafutha, ubisi, isibindi senkomo, ibhotela ne-yolk. Futhi, umthombo wayo imisebe yelanga, ngaphansi kwethonya layo yenziwa esikhunjeni.
Ukugwema ukwaphuka kwesifo sikashukela, udinga ukuzibandakanya njalo ekwelashweni ngokomzimba. Izinzuzo zokwelapha ngokuzivocavoca zichazwe kuvidiyo kule ndatshana.
