Ukwelashwa kwe-insulin yesifo sikashukela kuyindlela ephambili yokunciphisela ushukela wegazi ophezulu. Ukushoda kwe-insulin kuholela ekutheni iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela zihlushwa yizifo zesifo senhliziyo nezinzwa, ukungasebenzi kahle kwezinso, umbono, kanye nezimo ezisesimweni sokuqina kwesifo sikashukela, i-ketoacidosis.
Ukwelashwa okuphathelene nokubandakanyeka kwenzelwa uhlobo lokuqala lwesifo sikashukela sempilo, kanti nohlobo 2, ukuguqulwa kwe-insulin kwenziwa ezimweni ezinzima zesifo noma izimo ze-pathological ezinzima, ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa, nokukhulelwa.
Ukuze kwethulwe i-insulin, kusetshenziswa imijovo, eyenziwa noma nge-insulin evamile noma ipeni lesirinji. Indlela entsha futhi ethembisayo ukusetshenziswa kwephampu ye-insulin, engaqhubeka, phakathi nenkambo, iqinisekise ukulethwa kwe-insulin egazini emithanjeni edingekayo.
Ngabe isebenza kanjani iphampu ye-insulin?
Iphampu ye-insulin iqukethe iphampu ekhipha i-insulin ngesiginali evela ohlelweni lokulawula, ibhokisi lokufaka isisombululo se-insulin, iqoqo le-cannulas yokufakwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba namashubhu wokuxhuma. Kufakwe namabhethri wepompo. Idivayisi igcwele ngama-insulin amafushane noma e-ultrashort.
Izinga lokuphathwa kwe-insulin lingahlelwa, ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokuphatha i-insulin isikhathi eside, futhi ukugcinwa kwesendlalelo kugcinwa ngemijovo ephansi ejwayelekile. Ngaphambi kokudla, kuthathwa umthamo we-bolus, ongasethwa ngesandla ngokuya ngokudla okuthathiwe.
Ukushintshashintsha koshukela wegazi ezigulini ekwelapheni i-insulin kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nezinga lesenzo sokushushuluza isikhathi eside. Ukusetshenziswa kwephampu ye-insulin kusiza ukuxazulula le nkinga, ngoba izidakamizwa ezimfishane noma ze-ultrashort zinephrofayili ezinzile ye-hypoglycemic.
Izinzuzo zale ndlela zihlanganisa:
- I-dosing eqondile ngezinyathelo ezincane.
- Isibalo sokufakwa kwesikhumba sincishisiwe - uhlelo luvuselelwa kanye njalo ezinsukwini ezintathu.
- Ungakwazi ukubala isidingo sokudla kwe-insulin ngokunemba okukhulu, usabalalisa ukwethulwa kwayo isikhathi esinikeziwe.
- Ukuqapha amazinga kashukela nezibonis zeziguli.
Izinkomba kanye ne-contraindication yokwelashwa kwe-pump insulin
Ukuze uqonde izici zephampu ye-insulin, isiguli kufanele sazi ukuthi singayishintsha kanjani imithamo ye-insulin ngokuya ngokudla futhi sigcine irekhodi eliphansi lomuthi. Ngakho-ke, ngaphezu kwesifiso sesiguli uqobo, amakhono okuthola i-insulin kumele atholakale esikoleni semfundo kashukela.
Kunconywa ukusebenzisa i-hemoglobin ephezulu ye-glycated hemoglobin (ngaphezu kwe-7%), ukuguquguquka okukhulu kushukela wegazi, ukuhlaselwa okuvame kakhulu kwe-hypoglycemia, ikakhulukazi ebusuku, isimanga “sokuntwela kokusa”, lapho uhlela ukukhulelwa, ukuzala ingane nangemva kokubeletha, kanye nasezinganeni.
Iphampu ye-insulin ayinconywa ezigulini ezingakabi nekhono lokuzithiba, ukuhlela ukudla, izinga lokuzivocavoca umzimba, nokukhubazeka kwengqondo kanye neziguli ezinombono ophansi.
Futhi, lapho wenza ukwelashwa kwe-insulin ngesingeniso ngokusebenzisa iphampu, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi isiguli asinayo i-insulin yesikhathi eside egazini, futhi uma umuthi umisiwe nganoma yisiphi isizathu, khona-ke igazi lizoqala ukukhula ngaphakathi kwamahora angama-3-4 ushukela, futhi ukwakheka kwama-ketones kuzokhula, okuholela ku-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela.
Ngakho-ke, kudingekile njalo ukuthi unake ukungasebenzi kahle kwethekhnoloji futhi ku-insulin esitokisini nesirinji yokuphatha kwayo, futhi uthintane njalo nomnyango owenze ukufakwa kwensiza.
Isikhathi sokuqala usebenzisa impompo yeziguli ezinesifo sikashukela kufanele kube ngaphansi kokuqashwa udokotela njalo.
Iphampu ye-insulin yamahhala
Izindleko zephampu liphezulu ngokwanele kubasebenzisi abajwayelekile. Idivayisi ngokwayo ibiza ngaphezu kwama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-200, ngaphezu kwalokho, udinga ukuthenga izinto zayo njalo ngenyanga. Ngakho-ke, abaningi abanesifo sikashukela banesifiso kulo mbuzo - ungayithola kanjani iphampu ye-insulin mahhala.
Ngaphambi kokuthi ubheke kudokotela ngepompo, kufanele uqiniseke ngokusebenza kwawo kanye nesidingo secala elithile likashukela. Ukuze wenze lokhu, izitolo eziningi ezikhethekile ezithengisa imishini yezokwelapha zinikezela ukuhlola iphampu mahhala.
Kungakapheli nenyanga, umthengi unelungelo lokusebenzisa noma iyiphi imodeli ayithandayo ngaphandle kokukhokha, bese udinga ukuyibuyisa noma ukuyithenga ngezindleko zakho. Ngalesi sikhathi, ungafunda ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani futhi unqume ukungahambi kahle nezinzuzo zamamodeli ambalwa.
Ngokwezenzo zokulawula, kusukela ngasekupheleni konyaka ka-2014 kungenzeka uthole impompo yokwelashwa kwe-insulin ngezindleko zezimali ezabelwe umbuso. Njengoba abanye odokotela bengenalo ulwazi oluphelele ngalokhu kungenzeka, kungakuhle ukuthi ube nezenzo ezijwayelekile kuwe ngaphambi kokuvakasha, okukunikeza inzuzo enjalo kwabanesifo sikashukela.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga amadokhumenti:
- Isinqumo sikaHulumeni waseRussia Federation Nombolo 2762-P sangoDisemba 29, 2014.
- Isinqumo sikaHulumeni waseRussia Federation Nombolo 1273 ka-11/28/2014.
- I-Order yoMnyango Wezempilo waseRussia Federation Nombolo 930n kaDisemba 29, 2014.
Uma uthola ukwenqaba kudokotela, kunconywa ukuthi uthintane noMnyango Wezempilo wesifunda noma uMnyango Wezempilo ngezixhumanisi zemibhalo efanelekile. Ngokomthetho, kunikezwe inyanga yokucatshangelwa kwezicelo ezinjalo.
Ngemuva kwalokho, ngempendulo engemihle, ungaxhumana nehhovisi lomshushisi wesifunda.
Ukufakwa kwephampu
Ngemuva kokuthi udokotela ekhiphe isiphetho ngesidingo sokukhipha iphampu ye-insulin yamahhala, udinga ukuthola ukukhishwa okuningiliziwe kusuka ekhadini lokuphuma, kanye nesinqumo sekhomishini yezokwelapha yokufaka lolo cingo. Insimu yesiguli yalokhu ithola ukudluliselwa kuyunithi we-insulin pump pump, lapho kuzolethwa khona iphampu.
Lapho kufakwa emnyangweni, kuhlolwa umuntu onesifo sikashukela bese kukhethwa irejimeni enengqondo yokwelashwa kwe-insulin, kanye nokuqeqeshwa ngendlela efanele yokusebenzisa insimbi esebenza ngogesi. Ekupheleni kwesifundo sokuhlala amasonto amabili kulo mnyango, isiguli siyamenywa ukuba sizolanda idokhumenti echaza ukuthi izinto ezidliwayo zepampu azikhishwa mahhala.
Ngokusayina isivumelwano esinjalo, isiguli esinesifo sikashukela empeleni siyavuma ukuthenga izinto ngezindleko zazo. Ngokwezibalo ezingezinhle, kuzobiza kusuka kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane eziyi-10 kuye kwangama-15. Ngakho-ke, ungafaka la magama alandelayo: "Ngiyawazi umbhalo, kepha ungavumi", bese ubeka isiginesha kuphela.
Uma singekho leso sigaba embhalweni, kuzoba nzima ukuthola izimpahla ngaphandle kwenkokhelo. Inqubo yokuwabhalisa kunoma yiluphi uhlangothi yinde futhi udinga ukulungela ukuvikela amalungelo akho ngokufanele. Okokuqala kudingeka ube nesiphetho esivela kwikhomishini yezokwelapha emtholampilo mayelana nesidingo sokukhipha izinto zokubuyiselwa kwamahhala zompompo we-insulin.
Njengoba amadivaysi anjalo wezokwelapha afakiwe ohlwini lwabalulekile, lesi sinqumo sokuthola siyinkinga impela. Ukuze uthole umphumela omuhle, kungadingeka ukuthi uthinte abaphathi abalandelayo:
- Abaphathi bomtholampilo ngudokotela oyinhloko noma iPhini lakhe.
- Ihhovisi lomshushisi wesifunda.
- Roszdravnadzor.
- Inkantolo.
Esigabeni ngasinye, kungakuhle ukufuna ukwesekwa okusemthethweni okufanele. Uma udinga ukufaka iphampu ye-insulin yengane, ungazama ukucela usizo ezinhlanganweni zomphakathi ezxhasa ukuthengwa kwephampu nezinto zokuhambisa.
Enye yezinhlangano ezinje yiRusfond.
Isinxephezelo sentela
Ingxenye yezindleko zokuthola iphampu ye-insulin yezingane ingabuyiselwa ngohlelo lokuncishiswa kwentela. Kusukela kutholwe le divayisi ye-elekthronikhi, ukufakwa kwayo kanye nokusebenza kwayo kuhlobene nokwelashwa okubizayo kufakwe ohlwini oluhambelanayo, okungukuthi, kungenzeka ukuthi ufake isicelo sokuncishwa kwentela.
Uma ukuthengwa kwenziwa ukwelapha ingane ngesifo sikashukela sokuzalwa, khona-ke omunye wabazali angathola isinxephezelo esinjalo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuhambisa amadokhumenti angaqinisekisa ukuthi ungubaba noma ukuba ngumama maqondana nengane edinga iphampu ye-insulin.
Isikhathi esithathayo ukuthola imbuyiselo yiminyaka emithathu kusukela ngosuku lokuthengwa kwephampu. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi kukhishwe emnyangweni wokwelapha nge-insulin ngosuku okwamiswa ngalo lolu cingo. Emnyangweni wokubalwa kwezimali wesikhungo sezokwelapha, udinga ukuthatha ikhophi yelayisense yokufaka iphampu nesijobelelo kuwo lapho ikhululwa.
Inqubo yokuthola isinxephezelo yenzeka ngaphansi kwale mibandela elandelayo:
- Umthengi ukhokha intela yanyangazonke engenhla, eyi-13% yomholo.
- Ukufakwa kwephampu kumele kwenziwe isikhungo sezokwelapha esinelungelo lokwenza into enjalo.
- Ekupheleni konyaka, kufanele kuthunyelwe imali yentela ebeka inani elachithwa ekuthengeni iphampu ye-insulin kanye nokwethulwa okukhokhelwe kwephampu.
Zonke izindleko ziqinisekiswa yimali namarisidi okuthengisa, ikhophi lekhadi lewaranti ledivaysi ye-elekhthronikhi, okukhishwe emnyangweni we-pump insulin therapy, okubonisa inombolo ye-serial kanye nemodeli yepompo ye-insulin, ikhophi yelayisense yesikhungo sezokwelapha ngesicelo esihambisanayo.
Ngenxa yokucabanga kokudluliswa kwecala lentela yenhlangano, umthengi ubuyiselwa ngamaphesenti ayishumi emali esetshenziselwe ukuthenga lo mshini nokufakwa kwawo, kodwa inqobo nje uma lesi sinxephezelo singekho ngaphezulu kwenani elikhokhelwe umbuso ngendlela yentela engenayo.
Ukuxazulula inkinga yesinxephezelo, kubalulekile ukuthenga iphampu nezinto ezidliwayo ezitolo ezikhethekile ezingakwazi ukwenza kahle imibhalo eqinisekisa ukuthengwa. Ngakho-ke, esimweni esinjalo, awukwazi ukusebenzisa inketho yokwamukela idivaysi esitolo se-inthanethi, noma uhlele kuqala ukuhlinzekwa kwereisithi.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nemigomo yokusebenza kwepompo ye-insulin kuvidiyo kule ndatshana.
