Ukuxilongwa komzimba kungenye yezinkinga ezivamile zesifo sikashukela. Zonke iziguli ezinalesi sifo esingapheli zibhekana naso ngezinga elithile noma kwesinye. Kodwa-ke, iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, eziqhubeka zisesimweni esinzima ngokwengeziwe, zingadakwa.
Kodwa ngaphandle kohlobo lwesifo sikashukela, ngaphandle kokuthola usizo lwezokwelapha ngesikhathi esifanele, ukudakwa kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi, kufaka phakathi ukoma.
Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukwazi ukubona ukwanda kwezinga lobuthi futhi kuvikele izinguquko emzimbeni.
Izizathu
Imbangela enkulu yokudakwa ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela ukwanda kwamazinga kashukela egazini ngaphezulu kwe-10 mmol / L. Lokhu kugxila kweglucose kukhombisa ukushoda okukhulu kwe-insulin emzimbeni, okuvame ukuholela ekuhlaselweni kanzima kwe-hyperglycemia.
Imvamisa, ukugxuma okubukhali kushukela wegazi kubangelwa yilezi zinto ezilandelayo: umthamo ongafanele we-insulin noma umjovo ophuthelwe, ukwephula ukudla, ukucindezela okukhulu nezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Uma ungakuyekeli ukuhlaselwa ngesikhathi, i-hyperglycemia esegazini lesiguli iqala ukwandisa ukugcwala kwezidumbu ze-ketone, ezinobuthi futhi ezingadala ubuthi obukhulu.
Esinye isizathu sokwanda kwezinga lemizimba ye-ketone egazini yi-hypoglycemia, okungukuthi, ukwehla okuqinile kokuqukethwe kweglucose emzimbeni. Lokhu kuhlasela kuvame ukudala i-insulin ngokweqile, isikhathi esikhulu phakathi kokudla, ukusetshenziswa kotshwala notshwala obunzima bomzimba.
Uma umthamo we-insulin udlulwa njalo, isiguli singakhula sibe nesilinganiso esiphakeme kakhulu se-insulin emzimbeni, esibangela ubuthi obungaguquki amaseli angaphakathi anezinto ezinobuthi.
Iqiniso ngukuthi ngokweqile noma ngokuntuleka kwe-insulin, umzimba wesiguli uhlangabezana nokushoda kwe-glucose okunamandla, okuwumthombo ophambili wamandla wamaseli. Ukuze ngandlela-thile inxephezele indlala yamandla, uqala ukucubungula amafutha, obeka ubunzima esibindini.
Ngesikhathi se-lipid metabolism, amaseli wesibindi akhipha izinto ezinobuthi egazini, elinye lazo yi-acetone.
Ama-acetone acid ayingozi kakhulu empilweni yabantu futhi angadala ukudakwa kakhulu.
Izimpawu
Izimpawu zokuqala zokudakwa ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela ngezindlela eziningi ezifanayo nobuthi bokudla, ezivame ukudukisa iziguli. Izama ukuqeda izimpawu ezingemnandi, iziguli zithatha izidakamizwa kuma-upsets wokugaya ukudla ezingabalethi mpumuzo.
Ngalesi sikhathi, izinga lemizimba ye-ketone esegazini iyaqhubeka ikhula, ngaleyo ndlela ithuthukisa umphumela onobuthi wezinhlungu emzimbeni. Imvamisa, imishanguzo enjalo igcina ngokulaliswa esibhedlela okuphuthumayo, kanti ezimweni ezibucayi kakhulu iba ukuqaqanjelwa.
Ngalesi sizathu, kubalulekile ukuthi iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela zikwazi ukwahlukanisa ubuthi bokudla obujwayelekile kusuka ekudakwiseni nge-hyperglycemia. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuthi uthole ukuxilongwa okulungile ngesikhathi futhi ngaphandle kokuchitha isikhathi sokuqala ukwelashwa okufanele.
Izimpawu zokudakwa ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela:
- Isicanucanu esikhulu kanye nokuhlanza;
- Isifo sohudo kuze kube izikhathi eziyi-10 ngosuku;
- Ubuthakathaka, imalave;
- Ubuhlungu bekhanda, isiyezi;
- Ukuchama kaningi kanye nephrofayili;
- Ukoma okukhulu;
- Isikhumba esomile;
- Ukuphefumula kakhulu;
- Ukumunca i-acetone ephuma emlonyeni;
- Umbono ophindwe kabili;
- Ubuhlungu enhliziyweni;
- Ukuphendula okungavinjelwe, okubonisa ukulimala ohlelweni lwezinzwa oluphakathi.
Ukuhlanza okukhulu, uhudo kanye nokuchama ngokweqile kuholela ekulahlekelweni okukhulu kukamanzi, okungadala ukuphuma komzimba okukhulu. Izimpawu ezibonisa ukukhula kwesimo esinjalo ukomiswa nokukhonkotha kwesikhumba, ukuqhekeka ezindebeni, izinhlungu emehlweni, nokungabikho ngokuphelele kwamathe.
Lapho womele amanzi, igazi lesiguli lithola ukuqina okuqinile nokubonakalayo, okubuye kukhuphule ukugcwala kwe-glucose futhi kube nomthwalo omkhulu enhliziyweni nemithanjeni yegazi. Imiphumela enjalo yokudakwa iyingozi ikakhulukazi kubantu abahlaselwa izifo zezifo zenhliziyo, ngoba ingaholela ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo noma ekushayweni yisifo sohlangothi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga eliphakeme le-acetone linomphumela ongemuhle ezicutshini zalo lonke uhlelo lobuchwepheshe.
Ukuzama ukuqeda i-acetone, umzimba uyikhipha kanye nomchamo, okulimaza amaseli ezinso futhi kungaholela ekwehlulekeni okukhulu kwe-renal.
Ukwelashwa
Njengoba iningi lamacala amaningi, ukudakwa ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela kubangelwa ushukela wegazi ophakeme, indlela enkulu yokwelapha ukujova i-insulin emfushane. Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, ukuze kusheshiswe isenzo sokulungiswa kwe-insulin, kufakwa emzimbeni kusetshenziswa umjovo we-dropper noma we-intravenous.
Kodwa kubalulekile ukugcizelela ukuthi imijovo ye-insulin emithanjeni kufanele yenziwe kuphela lapho kudokotela, ngoba idinga ikhono elikhethekile nokubalwa kwemithamo enembile. Ngaphandle kwalokho, zingadala ukuhlaselwa kanzima kwe-hypoglycemia futhi kubuye kwandise ukudakwa komzimba.
Ngokuhlanza okukhulu, uhudo kanye nokuchama ngokweqile, isiguli kufanele siphuze uketshezi oluningi ngangokunokwenzeka, oluzonxephezela ukulahleka komswakama futhi kuvikele nomzimba ekuphepheni. Kubalulekile ukugcizelela ukuthi kulesi simo isiguli kufanele siphuze kuphela amaminerali amanzi ngaphandle kwegesi, hhayi ikofi, itiye noma ezinye iziphuzo.
Futhi, ukwenza ngcono isimo sesiguli ngesikhathi sokudakwa yisifo sikashukela, kusebenza kakhulu ukuthatha isixazululo seRegidron. Imiyalo yalesi sidakamizwa ikhombisa ukuthi iphikisiwe kushukela, ngoba iqukethe ushukela.
Kepha ekwelapheni ukudakwa kwesifo sikashukela, isiguli singasebenzisa i-ultrashort insulin futhi inani elincane le-glucose ngeke libe yingozi kuye. Ngasikhathi sinye, iRegidron isiza ukubhekana ngempumelelo nezinkinga ezimbili, okungukuthi ukumisa ukomisa umzimba nokususa imizimba ye-ketone.
Uma isiguli singenalo umuthi wekhemisi ngaphansi komngane wakhe, futhi isimo siqhubeka siwohloka, lapho-ke ungalungiselela i-analog yeRegidron ekhaya. Kunezindlela ezintathu ezihlukene ezenziwe ekhaya ezenziwe iRegidron okufanele zithathwe ngokuya ngembangela kanye ne degree yokudakwa.
Ngokudakwa okuthe xaxa ngamaphesenti amancane okuqothuka komzimba. Ukuyilungiselela uzodinga:
- 200 ml wamanzi abilayo afudumele;
- 1 isipuni sikashukela;
- 1 isipuni sikasawoti.
Hlanganisa zonke izithako ngokuphelele futhi uthathe izingxenye ezincane.
Ngokudakwa ushukela wegazi ophakeme (hyperglycemia). Ukuyipheka udinga:
- 1 ilitha lamanzi abilayo afudumele;
- 1 tbsp. isipuni sikasawoti
- 1 tbsp. isipuni sokuphuza isoda.
Hlakaza izakhi ngamanzi uthathe phakathi nosuku.
Ngokudakwa ushukela ophansi (hypoglycemia) noma ukomisa kakhulu. Ukuyilungiselela udinga:
- 0.5 l wamanzi abilayo angashisi;
- 2 tbsp. wezipuni kashukela;
- 2 tbsp. wezipuni kasawoti;
- Amathisipuni angu-0,4 kashukela.
Zonke izinto zihlakazeka ngokuphelele emanzini. Phuza ikhambi ezingxenyeni ezincane amahora angama-24.
Lapho welapha izingane ezinesifo sikashukela, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela isilinganiso esifanele somuthi. Umthamo owodwa wesisombululo kufanele ungabi ngaphezu kwe-10 ml. Futhi ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-4 ubudala - akukho ngaphezu kwe-5 ml.
Eminye imithi ingakhuphula ukulahleka komswakama ngesikhathi sokudakwa. Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, ukuphuza kwabo kufanele kumiswe ngokuphelele.
Lapho ukomisa kungathandeki ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ezilandelayo:
- I-Diuretics;
- Ama-inhibitors e-ACE;
- Ama-blocker ama-Angiotensin receptor;
- Izidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala, kufaka phakathi i-ibuprofen.
Uma, ngaphandle kwazo zonke izinyathelo ezithathiwe, izimpawu zokudakwa ziyaqhubeka ukuqina, khona-ke kuleli cala kuyadingeka ukufuna usizo lukadokotela. Ngokukhuphuka kwezinga lemizimba ye-ketone iye esigabeni esibucayi, isiguli sakha isimo esiyingozi njenge-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela esidinga ukwelashwa okuhlinzwa.
Uma ngalesi sikhathi ungamnikeli isiguli ukunakekelwa okudingekayo kwezokwelapha, angahle abe nesifo sokukhubazeka ketoacidotic, okungenye yezinkinga ezinkulu zesifo sikashukela. Kungavusa ukuthuthukiswa kwe-pathologies enzima kakhulu yomzimba, futhi ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu imbangela yokufa komuntu.
Ividiyo ekule ndatshana ikhuluma ngokudakwa kanye nomphumela wayo emzimbeni.
