Kumuntu ophile saka, ushukela wokuzila usukela ku-3.3 kuya ku-5.5 mmol / L. Kodwa-ke, lezi zinkomba azihlali zizinzile, ngakho-ke, ukungena kweglue glucose kungenzeka phakathi nosuku.
Amazinga kashukela aphansi kakhulu abonwa ebusuku nasekuseni kakhulu. Ngemuva kokudla kwasekuseni, ukuhlushwa kukhuphuka, kuthi kusihlwa kufinyeleleke kakhulu. Lapho-ke izinga liyela emthonjeni olandelayo. Kepha kwesinye isikhathi i-glycemia idlula amanani ajwayelekile ngemuva kokudla ukudla kwe-carbohydrate, futhi ngemuva kwamahora ama-2-3 isimo siqina futhi.
Siphuma glucose wegazi ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukene. Uma le nto ihlala ibonwa, khona-ke lokhu kungakhombisa ukuba khona kwesifo sikashukela kanye nezinye izinkinga zempilo. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuthi uhlolwe ngokuphelele futhi unikele ngegazi ushukela.
Kungani ushukela wegazi uguquguquka?
Izizathu zokuthi ushukela ukhuphuke ziphindaphindwe kaningi. Le nto ingenzeka ngemuva kokuphuza iziphuzo ezinekhofi (itiye, ikofi, amandla). Kodwa-ke, umzimba uhlangabezana nawo ngendlela ehlukile, yize kwezinye izimo, ikhofi ivimbela ukukhula kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.
Futhi, okuqukethwe kweglucose kungakhuphuka ngemuva kokudla izitsha ezingafani nezinye. Isibonelo, inkukhu isoso elimnandi nelimuncu nelayisi elinosawoti noma inyama yenkomo enezinongo ezishisayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-hypoglycemia yenzeka lapho abantu bedla amanani amaningi okudla okunamafutha. Imikhiqizo ebangela lesi simo ifaka:
- ama-fries ama-french;
- Ipitsa
- amaswidi ahlukahlukene;
- ama-crackers, ama-chip.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi amazinga kashukela akhuphuka hhayi kuphela emikhiqizweni equkethe ushukela. Esikhathini sikashukela, iphakama futhi ngemuva kokudla ukudla okune-starch nama-carbohydrate.
Kepha kungani ushukela egxuma uma umuntu elandela ukudla? Izingane nabantu abadala abane-immune ebuthakathaka bavame ukuhlaselwa umkhuhlane, lapho izivikeli zomzimba ziwohloka ngokwengeziwe. Ngasikhathi sinye, izidakamizwa ezilwa namagciwane kanye nama-decongestants, nawo abangela ushintsho lwama-glucose, zingabhekelwa iziguli.
Futhi, ushukela wegazi ungakhuphuka ngemuva kokuthatha ama-antidepressants kanye nama-corticosteroids, ngokwesibonelo, i-prednisone. Amakhambi wokugcina ayingozi kakhulu kwabanesifo sikashukela, ikakhulukazi ngoba angadala i-hypoglycemia enganeni.
Ukucindezela kubuye kuholele ku-hyperglycemia, okuvame ukwenzeka ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukwazi ukulawula impilo yakho engokomzwelo ngosizo lokuvivinya umzimba okhethekile, i-yoga, noma amasu ahlukahlukene, njengokuzivocavoca okuphefumula ngesifo sikashukela.
Namuhla, abanesifo sikashukela abaningi ababandakanyeka kwezemidlalo bavame ukuphuza iziphuzo ukusiza ukubuyisela ukulinganisela kwamanzi. Kodwa-ke, bambalwa abayazi ukuthi ezinye zazo ziqukethe ushukela omningi nezinye izinto eziyingozi empilweni yomuntu ogulayo.
Amazinga kashukela egazini angakhuphuka ngenxa yezimbangela zomhlaba wonke. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
- ukuphazamiseka kwe-hormonal;
- izinkinga nge-pancreas (isimila, i-pancreatitis);
- ukuphazamiseka kwe-endocrine;
- izifo zesibindi (i-hepatitis, isimila, i-cirrhosis).
Izici ezididayo ezingadala ushukela ukugxuma ukulala, ukushisa notshwala. I-Alcohol ibangela i-hypoglycemia, ngoba iqukethe ama-carbohydrate amaningi, kepha imvamisa ngemuva kwamahora angama-2-2 ngemuva kokusetshenziswa kwayo, ukugxila kwe-glucose, ngokuhlukile, kwehla kakhulu.
Kepha okuqukethwe ushukela kwehla kuliphi? Ukubonakala kwe-hyperglycemia kukhuthaza ukusebenza komzimba okukhulu. Lokhu kuboniswa ubuthakathaka, ukukhathala kanye nomuzwa wokuqothuka.
Futhi, ukugxuma ushukela kungenzeka ngesikhathi sokuzila nokudla okungajwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, ukuze uvikele i-hypoglycemia, kubalulekile ukuthi udle izikhathi ezi-5 ngosuku nangezingxenye ezincane. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kungekudala isiguli sizoba nezinkinga ngamathumbu namanyikwe.
Ama-diuretics futhi abangela ushukela ukweqa. Ngemuva kwakho konke, uma ubaphuza njalo, ushukela uzogezwa ngaphandle komzimba, ungabi nesikhathi sokudonswa amaseli.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-hypoglycemia ingakhula ezimweni ezinjalo:
- ukuphazamiseka kwe-hormonal;
- ukwethuka kanye nokuquleka;
- ukucindezela
- izifo ezithathelwanayo nezigciwane lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka khona.
Izimpawu ezihambisana nokushintshashintsha koshukela wegazi
Lapho ushukela eqala ukugxuma, umuntu womile kakhulu, uhlala efuna ukuchama, ikakhulukazi ebusuku. Kulokhu, ukomisa kuholela ekusebenzeni kahle kwezinso. Ngesimo se-pathological, okwenzekayo ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, akunakwenzeka ukuba kuqedwe ukoma kuze kube yilapho izinga le-glucose lijwayelekile.
Isikhumba sesiguli siyaphenduka siphuzi, okuvela ngemuva kwesizinda sokuphazamiseka kokujikeleza. Futhi i-dermis yakhe iba nozwela kakhulu futhi noma yimuphi umonakalo kuwo uyaphilisa isikhathi eside kakhulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokwanda kokuhlushwa ushukela wegazi, izimpawu zingafaka ukukhathala, ukukhubazeka, kanye nokusebenza okunciphile. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-glucose ayingeni kumaseli futhi nomzimba awutholi amandla anele. Imvamisa le nto yenzeka ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.
Ngokuphikisana nesizinda se-hyperglycemia engapheli, umuntu anganciphisa isisindo ngokuthambekele kokudla okuhle. Ngemuva kwakho konke, umzimba uqala ukusebenzisa izicubu ezinamafutha nezicubu njengomthombo wamandla.
Futhi, inkomba ephezulu kashukela ihambisana nezimpawu ezinjengokuthi:
- ikhanda
- isicanucanu sokuqina phakathi kokudla;
- ukungaboni kahle
- Isiyezi
- ukugabha okungazelelwe.
Uma ushukela uphakanyiswa isikhathi eside, khona-ke isiguli siba novalo, singakhathaleli futhi inkumbulo yakhe iya iba mbi. Ubuye alahlekelwe isisindo esiningi, futhi ukuphazamiseka okungalungiseki kwenzeka engqondweni yakhe. Endabeni yokwengezwa kwezinto eziphikisayo (ukucindezela, ukutheleleka), isiguli singakhula nesifo sikashukela sikashukela.
Izimpawu ze-hypoglycemia zenzeka lapho izinga le-glucose lingaphansi kuka-3 mmol / L. Izimpawu ezinjengokubanda, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, isiyezi, ukuqina kwesikhumba, kanye nendlala kwenzeka. Kuvela futhi ukwesaba, ikhanda, ukuphazamiseka ekugxiliseni nasekuxhumaniseni ukunyakaza.
Ukugxuma okubukhali kushukela wegazi kushukela kungaholela ekulahlekelweni kwengqondo. Kwesinye isikhathi umuntu ugaxwa yisifo sikashukela.
Kunama-degree ama-3 obukhali be-hypoglycemia, ahambisana nezimpawu zobuntu:
- Ubumnene - ukukhathazeka, isicanucanu, ukungaphatheki kahle, i-tachycardia, indlala, ukubindeka kwezindebe noma ukuthamba kweminwe, ukubanda.
- Medium - ukwesaba, ukuntuleka kokuxineka, ukwazi ukungaboni, isiyezi.
- Ukwehla - ukwehluleka, ukubanjwa ngamandla, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi kanye nokwehlisa izinga lokushisa lomzimba.
Izimpawu ezifana nendlala enkulu, isifiso samaswidi, ikhanda, nokubekezelela ikhefu elide phakathi kokudla kuzosiza ukusola ukugxuma koshukela enganeni.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinganeni ezinesifo sikashukela se-latent, umbono uvama kakhulu, i-periodontitis kanye nezifo zesikhumba (i-pyoderma, ichthyosis, furunculosis nabanye).
Ungasilungisa kanjani isimo?
Isinyathelo sokuqala ukuthola ukuthi ushukela wegazi ugxuma malini. Kulokhu, kusetshenziswa i-glucometer ekhaya. Ungaxhumana nodokotela futhi uthathe izivivinyo zaselebhu, ikakhulukazi uma kwenzeka ushintsho emazingeni kashukela enganeni.
Uma i-hyperglycemia noma i-hypoglycemia kwenzeka ngokuzumayo, kungadingeka ukuthi udle izidakamizwa ezikhethekile. Kodwa-ke, ukungathandeki kwezidakamizwa ezinje ukuthi isimo sesiguli sizinza kuphela isikhathi sezenzo zabo. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukuvikela ushintsho ekugxilisweni kwe-glucose usebenzisa izindlela ezijwayelekile zokwenza isiguli sibe njengejwayelekile, njengeMetformin.
I-hypoglycemia emnene kulula kakhulu ukukuqeda. Ukuze wenze lokhu, yidla umkhiqizo omnandi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umzimba uqobo usikisela ngasiphi isikhathi lapho akudinga khona ukudla okune-carb ephezulu. Kodwa-ke, le ndlela ilungele abantu abanempilo kuphela, ngakho-ke abanesifo sikashukela akufanele baphendukele kuyo.
Ukuze izinkomba ze-glucose zibe yinto evamile, umuntu kuzodingeka aphinde acabangele kabusha indlela yakhe yokuphila. Ngakho-ke, ukuvikela i-hyperglycemia, lezi zenzo ezilandelayo zizosiza:
- ukulungiswa kwesisindo;
- ukusetshenziswa kwama-carbohydrate ahamba kancane kancane;
- ukwenqabela ufulawa, ushukela, ugwayi notshwala;
- ukuhambisana nombuso wamanzi;
- ukudla okulinganiselayo (amaprotheni, ama-carbohydrate, amafutha emifino);
- ukudla ukudla okuncane izikhathi ezingama-5-6 ngosuku;
- ukubala amakhalori.
Ukuvimbela i-hypoglycemia futhi kuqukethe ekudleni okulinganiselayo, okusho ukwenqatshwa kokudla okuphansi kwekhalori. Futhi abantu ababandakanyeka kwezemidlalo akufanele banciphise umzimba ngokuzivocavoca isikhathi eside kakhulu nangokuqina.
Okubalulekile futhi isimo esizinzile semizwelo.
I-Coma yokuguquguquka kweshukela kushukela
Uma ushukela wegazi weqa kakhulu, khona-ke isiguli singaba nesifo sikashukela. Kuhlobo 1 sikashukela, lesi simo sibizwa nge- ketoacidosis. Futhi uhlobo lwesibili lwesifo luhambisana ne-hyperosmolar coma.
I-ketoacidosis ivela kancane, ibonakala ngokuqukethwe okwandayo kwe-acetone emchameni. Esigabeni sokuqala, umzimba uhlangabezana ngokuzimela nomthwalo, kepha njengoba ukhula ukhula, kuvela izimpawu zokudakwa, ukozela, ukuqubuka komzimba kanye ne-polydepsia. Ngenxa yalokhu, umuntu ulahlekelwa ukwazi, kwesinye isikhathi okuphela kokwehla kwesibindi.
I-Hyperosmolar syndrome iba namaviki angama-2-3. Izimpawu zalesi simo ziyafana nezimpawu ze-ketoacidosis, kepha zibonakala kancane. Ngenxa yalokho, umuntu ulahlekelwa ingqondo yakhe bese ewa ekhefini.
Lawa macala amabili adinga ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo kwezokwelashwa. Ngemuva kokulaliswa esibhedlela nokuxilongwa ngokushesha, isiguli senziwa ngendlela ejwayelekile sakhombisa ushukela. Uma kwenzeka kuba ne-hyperglycemic coma, i-insulin inikezwa isiguli, futhi uma kwenzeka kuba ne-hypoglycemic coma, solution ye-glucose.
Ngokuhambisana nalokhu, ukuqaliswa kokulashwa kokungeniswa, okubandakanya ukwethulwa emzimbeni wezidakamizwa ezikhethekile usebenzisa ama-droppers kanye nemijovo, kuyakhonjiswa. Ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa ukuhlanza igazi nemithi ebuyisela i-electrolyte nokulinganisela kwamanzi emzimbeni.
Ukuvuselelwa kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-2-3. Ngemuva kwalokho isiguli sidluliselwe eMnyangweni we-endocrinology, lapho kuthathwa khona izinyathelo zokuqinisa isimo sakhe.
Imvamisa abantu abanohlobo lokuqala noma lwesibili sikashukela uqobo bavumela amazinga abo kashukela egazini ukuthi akhuphuke noma awe. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho iziguli zingalandeleli ekwelashweni okuchazwe udokotela, zingalandeli imithetho yezondlamzimba noma yokusebenzisa kabi imikhuba emibi. Lezi ziguli kufanele ziphinde zicabange kabusha indlela yazo yokuphila, futhi zilalele zonke izincomo zikadokotela, ezizovimbela ukuthuthuka noma ziqaphele ukuqhubeka kwezinkinga.
Imvamisa, ukuze kuvikeleke ukukhula kwe-hyperglycemia noma i-hypoglycemia, odokotela abaningi banquma iMetformin. Lesi sidakamizwa esilwa nesifo sikashukela esisesigabeni sama-Biguanides.
Ngithatha iMetformin njengekhambi elingeziwe lokwelapha i-insulin noma ngiyibuyisele neminye izidakamizwa ze-antiglycemic. Ingasetshenziswa futhi njengesidakamizwa esiyinhloko sikashukela sohlobo 1, kodwa kuphela nge-insulin. Imvamisa, amaphilisi anqunywa uma kwenzeka ukukhuluphala, ngokubhekwa njalo kokuxineka koshukela.
Baphuza i-metformin izikhathi ezi-2 ngosuku ngemuva kokudla ngenani le-1000 mg ngosuku. Ukwehlukanisa umthamo kunciphisa ingozi yokuphendula okubi kusuka ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla.
Ngosuku lwe-10-15 lokwelashwa, umthamo ungakhuphuka ube ngu-2000 mg ngosuku. Inani elivumelekile lama-Biguanides ngosuku ngu-3000 mg.
Inani eliphakeme lomsebenzi wokwelapha litholakala ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-14 kusukela kuqale ukwelashwa. Kodwa uma iMetformin ibekelwe asebekhulile, khona-ke ukuqapha ukusebenza kwezinso kweziguli ezinjalo kuyadingeka.
Futhi, amaphilisi kufanele ahlanganiswe ngokucophelela ne-insulin ne-sulfonylureas. Ngaphandle kwalokho, i-hypoglycemia ingaqala ukukhula.
Ukuze ushukela wegazi ungaqhubeki ngokungaphezu kwemingcele ejwayelekile, kubalulekile ukulawula indlela odla ngayo, ukuqapha ukusebenza kwayo nokusebenziseka kwayo. Kubalulekile futhi ukuhola impilo enempilo, ungakhohlwa mayelana nokuzivocavoca okulinganiselayo ngokomzimba futhi uthintane nodokotela ngendlela esezingeni elifanele. Ividiyo ekulesi sihloko izokutshela ukuthi yiziphi izinkomba zeshukela okufanele zibe yizo.
