Isifo sikashukela se-ketoacidosis ezinganeni: kungani senzeka futhi selashwa kanjani?

Umzimba womuntu uhlelo oluyinkimbinkimbi lwamakhemikhali, futhi ukwehluleka emsebenzini wawo kuholela ekwakhiweni kwezifo ezahlukahlukene.

Enye yazo yi-ketoacidosis - yinkimbinkimbi yesibonakaliso esiyinkimbinkimbi, esekelwe ekwandeni kwe-acidity yegazi ngenxa yokwanda kokuxineka kwama-asidi e-organic angenamandla kuyo - imizimba ye-ketone.

Ngakho-ke, impendulo yombuzo wokuthi yini i-ketoacidosis ezinganeni ilele igama lesi sifo. I- "Keto" ukunciphisa umzimba we-ketone, futhi igama elithi "acidosis" lisho ukwanda kwe-acidity.

Umshini wokuthuthukisa lesi sifo

Imvamisa, amaphesenti amakhulu wamandla weseli atholakala ngokuwohloka kweshukela, okwenzeka ngaphansi kwethonya le-insulin.

Uma kwenzeka kungekho, amafutha aqala ukusebenza njengomthombo wamandla oholayo. Ngokuqhekeza, bakhipha imizimba ye-ketone egazini, eqala ukushintsha ibhalansi yayo ye-acid-base ithande i-acidity.

Kuyinto i-oxidation yegazi ebangela ukuvela kwezimpawu eziphambili ze-ketoacidosis, isibuko saso esihlukahluka kusuka kumalahle omnene kuye ekulahlekelweni ukwazi nokuqaqanjelwa. Ingozi lapha ukuthi amandla wesifo anamanani aphezulu futhi angathatha izinsuku ezimbalwa noma amahora amaningi. Ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kwe-ketoacidosis kubonwa ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa. Okubalulekile ekuhlolweni nasekuphatheni i-pathology efana ne-ketoacidosis enganeni yizizathu ezayicasulayo.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezifo:

1. i-ketoacidosis enga-sikashukela ezinganeni. Kubangelwa izici zangaphandle futhi akuveli njengomphumela wokungasebenzi kahle kwe-pancreatic;
2. isifo sikashukela sikashukela. Ngokuphambene nalokho, kuwumphumela oqondile wesifo sikashukela. Njengoba wazi, isisekelo salesi sifo ukufa kwamaseli we-pancreatic abhekene nokuhlanganiswa kwe-insulin, okuholela ekwandeni kokuhlushwa ushukela wegazi.

Uhlobo ngalunye lwesifo olukhonjisiwe lubangelwa izimbangela zalo. I-ketoacidosis yeNondiabetic ivame ukubangelwa ukwephulwa okukhulu kokudla kwengane, noma ushintsho olukhulu kuyo. Isheduli yokudlela nayo ingaba yisidina, into esemqoka lapha ukungavumeli izikhawu ezinde phakathi kokudla.

Njengoba imizimba ye-ketone iyimikhiqizo yokuqhekeka kwamafutha, ukudla kwengane, lapho ukudla okunamafutha okugcwala, kudala enye ingozi yobungozi. Kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa i-ketoacidosis eyinhloko, lapho yona uqobo iyisifo esiyinhloko kanye nembangela yokugula, kanti eyesibili, ukuthuthukiswa kwayo kwenzeka ngemuva kwesizinda sezinqubo ezithathelwanayo nezinye izifo.

I-ketoacidosis kwisifo sikashukela ibonakala ikakhulukazi ebuntwaneni. Isizathu sisobala - isifo sikashukela esingaxutshiwe siziveza njengezimpawu ze-ketoacidosis, okuthi esikhathini esizayo, ngokwelashwa kokufakwa esikhundleni kwe-insulin okuhlelekile, kungenzeka kungaphinde kwenzeke.Izimbangela ze-ketoacidosis ezinganeni zimi ngale ndlela elandelayo:

• ukuntuleka kwe-insulin uma kwenzeka isifo sikashukela singaziwa;
• imithamo emincane, enganele ye-insulin enokwelashwa kwesondlo;
• yeqa imijovo ye-insulin.

Kubalulekile ukuba abazali bezingane bazi ukuthi noma imuphi umthwalo osindayo emzimbeni wakhe kufanele uhambisane nokushintshwa kwemithamo ye-insulin etholakele.

Ngakho-ke, izifo ezithathelwanayo, ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa, ukulimala okungathi sína nokucindezela kudala isidingo esengeziwe se-insulin emzimbeni.

Izimpawu zesifo

I-ketoacidosis yisifo esisehlelweni.

Ukushintsha ukwakheka kwegazi, kuthinta umzimba wengane wonke.

Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukuthola ukuxilongwa kwayo, ngoba ezikhathini zokuqala zenqubo yesifo, i-ketoacidosis yezimpawu zomtholampilo ifana kokubili isifo esithathelwanayo kanye nokuqubuka kwamathumbu emzimbeni, futhi kwesinye isikhathi kutholwa ngabazali ngenxa yokuqina noma ukucindezela.

Izimpawu zokuqala zivame:

• ukwehla noma ukuntuleka kokudla;
• ukuhlaselwa ukoma nokuphelelwa ngamandla komzimba, okuvezwa ku-pallor nesikhumba esomile, esihambisana nokuchama kaningi;
• ukunciphisa umzimba.

Izimpawu zesibili:

• kusuka ipheshana emathunjini: usizi nokungezwani, i-hypersensitivity of the anterior wall wall, pain esiswini ehambisana nokucasuka kwe-mucosal nemizimba ye-ketone. Ukwehla kwe-peristalsis kuholela ekuqunjelweni;
• kusuka ohlelweni lokuphefumula: ukuphefumula okujulile, okunomsindo, iphunga le-acetone, elingabanjwa lapho kuqhuma umoya;
• kusuka esikhunjeni: ukugqama okukhanyayo esihlathini;
• kusuka ohlelweni lwezinzwa oluphakathi: inhlanganisela eyindida yokuqina kokuwozela nokukhathazeka, ukungabekezeleleki. Ukwanda okuphambili ngesikhathi sokulala esiphelele. Ubuhlungu bekhanda. Uma kungekho ukwelashwa okwanele, ukudidiyela esikhaleni, ukoma, kungenzeka.

Isibonakaliso esijwayelekile se-ketoacidosis ezinganeni yi-acetonemic syndrome. Siqukethe izindlela zokuhlanza eziphindaphindayo, ezithintekayo zokuhlanza, lapho kunephunga labantu abaningi lapho amakha we-acetone ekhona. Esikhathini phakathi kwezikhathi zokuhlanza, ingane ayinazo ezinye izimpawu zesifo.

Ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa

Njengoba kungabonakala encazelweni yezimpawu, i-ketoacidosis ngokuya ngokubonakaliswa komtholampilo ihlangana kalula nobubanzi bezinye izifo, ngakho-ke, izindlela eziphambili zokutholwa yimiphumela yezifundo zaselebhu.

Isikimu sokuxilonga imi kanje:

1. ukuhlaziywa okujwayelekile kwegazi nomchamo;
2. i-acid-base ratio yokwakheka kwegazi (pH), ekhombisa izinga le-oxidation;
3. izinga lemizimba ye-ketone egazini;
4. ukuxilongwa bokuba khona komchamo wemizimba ye-ketone ne-acetone ngokusebenzisa imichilo yokuhlola;
5. ukuxilongwa kwama-ion wegazi.

Iqoqo lokuphambuka okukhonjwa kuzinkomba ezijwayelekile kuleyo naleyo mibandela likuvumela ukuthi uthole ukuxilongwa okunembile futhi unqume uhlobo lwesifo. Ukwelashwa kwesimo sikashukela se-ketoacidosis kungenzeka ikakhulukazi ngaphansi kwezimo zokuma, esimeni esilinganiselayo nesinzima - ophikweni lokunakekela olunzulu.

Ukwelashwa kwe-infusion kungasusa ukomisa, kubuyise ibhalansi ye-electrolytic yegazi. Ukushintshwa ngokwejwayelekile kwamazinga kashukela kusenziwa ngezifundo ezimfushane ze-insulin, lapho irejimeni elijwayelekile lokuphatha laso lithathelwa indawo irejimeni eyodwa eyi-5-6.

Futhi kudinga ukubhekwa kwehora ngoshukela wegazi, ukulinganiswa kokulinganisa kwe-acid-base, kanye nokulungiswa kwezicubu zomzimba. Esimweni lapho lesi sifo sihambisana nomkhuhlane, kungenzeka ukuthi kusetshenziswe imishanguzo.

I-ketoacidosis engeyona yesifo sikashukela ivumela ukwelashwa okungaphandle, okuthi, noma kunjalo, kufanele futhi kugadwe udokotela.

Lapha, okokuqala ngqa ukulungiswa kokudla kwengane, ngaphandle kwemikhiqizo enenqwaba yamafutha aphuma kuyo. Uhlobo lokuphuza oluphuthukisiwe lubandakanya ukuthatha imithamo emincane ye-liquid ngezikhathi ezithile zemizuzu eyi-10.

Ezimweni zokusolwa kwe-ketoacidosis ezinganeni, ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo kufanele kufake phakathi ukubiza iqembu le-ambulense kanye nokuqapha imigwaqo yomoya, ngoba lesi sifo sivame ukuhambisana nokuhlanza.

Ukuvimbela

Ungakushayi indiva ukutholwa okufika ngesikhathi kwemishini yokulinganisa ekhaya.

I-ketoacidosis engeyona yesifo sikashukela ingaphindwa ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene.

Ngakho-ke, enganeni eye yathola lesi sifo, izivivinyo zezokwelashwa zikhonjiswa ngenxa yegazi elingenhla nezinkomba zomchamo kabili ngonyaka.

Izindlela zokuvimbela zombili lezi zinhlobo zalesi sifo kufanele zibandakanye nokudla okuqinile, ukuphuza kakhulu, ukuzimela kokuzivocavoca umzimba kanye nokushisa okukhona, ukuzivocavoca umzimba kanye nokuzivocavoca okufanelekile ngeminyaka.

Amavidiyo ahlobene

I-Endocrinologist nge-ketoacidosis ne-hypoglycemia ezinganeni:

Ngakho-ke, i-ketoacidosis, ekhuluma njengesifo esibi kakhulu senkqubo, ekwazi kwezinye izimo ukudala usongo empilweni yengane, noma kunjalo, ingaxilongwa ngempumelelo futhi ilashwe. Lesi sifo sifundwe kahle ngomuthi wesimanje, futhi izinhlobo zokwelapha ezikhona manje zingabuyisela impilo yengane ngokushesha. Futhi ukulandela imithetho elula yokuvimbela ezimeni eziningi kungavimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-pathology.