I-Steroid sikashukela i-mellitus yisifo esivele ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle kwe-adrenal cortex noma ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kwezidakamizwa ze-hormonal.
Ingozi enkulu yesifo sikashukela i-steroid ngabantu abaphethwe ushukela, sizonquma ukuthi kuyini, ngabe i-hypercorticism ihambisana nalesi simo, nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze.
Lesi sifo sinomthelela olimazayo kumanyikwe, sichitha amaseli omzimba futhi siphazamisa ukukhiqizwa okujwayelekile kwe-insulin ye-hormone. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, i-steroid sikashukela i-mellitus ngokuvamile ibizwa ngokuthi uhlobo lweshukela lwesibili oluya ne-insulin.
Izizathu
Kunezizathu ezimbili eziyinhloko zokwakhiwa kwesifo sikashukela se-steroid:
Njengokuhlanganiswa kwezifo okuvusa ukukhiqizwa okwandayo kwama-hormone e-adrenal cortex, ngokwesibonelo, isifo sika-Itsenko-Cushing;
Njengomphumela wokwelashwa kwesikhathi eside ngezidakamizwa ze-hormonal.
Imvamisa, isizathu sokubukeka kwesifo sikashukela i-steroid ukuthathwa kwezidakamizwa zamahomoni, yingakho kwesinye isikhathi kubizwa ngokuthi yisifo sikashukela sezidakamizwa. Lesi sifo esiyingozi sivame ukwenzeka njengomphumela omubi obukhulu wokwelashwa isikhathi eside ngemithi ye-glucocorticoid efana:
- IHydrocortisone;
- I-Prednisone;
- I-Dexamethasone.
Le mishanguzo ijwayelelwa ukulwa nenqubo yokuvuvukala ezifweni ezingalapheki nakulashwa kwezifo zemizwa. Ngakho-ke, isifo sikashukela se-steroid sivame ukuthinta iziguli ezinezifo ezilandelayo:
- Isifo Somoya (Broth)
- Isifo samathambo;
- Izifo ezahlukahlukene ze-autoimmune (i-pemphigus, eczema, lupus erythematosus);
- Isifo sokuqaqamba kwamalunga amaningi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kwama-diuretics athile kungathinta ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela se-steroid. Ethandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabo yila mathuluzi alandelayo:
- I-Dichlothiazide;
- I-Hypothiazide;
- INephrix
- I-Navidrex.
Futhi, lolu hlobo lwesifo sikashukela luvame ukutholakala kwabesifazane abaye basebenzisa izindlela zokuvimbela inzalo zesikhathi eside ama-hormonal ukuvikela ekukhulelweni okungafuneki.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abake bahlinzwa ngokuhlinzwa ngezinso nabo basengozini.
Izimpawu
Ukuthola ukuthi ama-steroid nesifo sikashukela ahlobene kanjani, udinga ukuqonda ukuthi izidakamizwa ze-hormonal zisebenza kanjani emzimbeni womuntu. Ngokusebenzisa imali isikhathi eside esigulini, i-biochemistry yegazi iyashintsha. Kulokhu, izinga lama-corticosteroid kulo likhuphuka kakhulu.
Ama-Steroids athinta kabi i-pancreatic b-cell, okuholela ku-necrosis yabo kancane kancane. Lokhu kuthinta izinga le-insulin ye-hormone emzimbeni wesiguli, kunciphise libe lincane futhi kuvuse ukukhula kwesifo sikashukela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-hormone e-steroid enza amangqamuzana omzimba angatheleleki nge-insulin, okuphazamisa i-carbohydrate metabolism yesiguli.
Ngakho-ke, izimpawu zesifo sikashukela sazo zombili izinhlobo 1 nohlobo 2 zibonisa isifo sikashukela. Ngenxa yalokhu, inkambo yalesi sifo ingaba nzima impela futhi iholele ezinkingeni ezinkulu.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi isifo sikashukela, esicasulwa ama-steroid, sikhula kancane futhi ezigabeni zokuqala zesifo azikwazi ukuziveza. Izimpawu ezilandelayo zibonisa ukuba khona kwesifo sikashukela kumuntu:
- Ukomela okukhulu. Ukuze umenelise, isiguli sisebenzisa isilinganiso esikhulu soketshezi;
- Ukukhathala nokusebenza okunciphile. Kuba nzima kumuntu ukwenza imisebenzi ejwayelekile yansuku zonke;
- Ukuchama kaningi. Ngokuvakashela ngasese endlini encane, umchamo omkhulu unikezwa isiguli;
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokungafani nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 nohlobo 2, ezigulini ezinesifo se-steroid yalesi sifo, izinga likashukela egazini nomchamo akuvamile ukwedlula okujwayelekile. Okufanayo kusebenza ezingeni le-acetone, okuvame ukungahambi ngaphezulu kokujwayelekile okuvumelekile. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukuthola ukutholwa kwalesi sifo.
Izici ezifaka isandla ekuthuthukisweni kwesifo sikashukela se-steroid:
- Ukwelashwa isikhathi eside ngama-corticosteroids;
- Ukudla njalo izidakamizwa ze-hormonal ngemithamo ephezulu;
- Ukunyuka njalo koshukela wegazi ngezizathu ezingaziwa;
- Isisindo esiningi ngokweqile.
Kubalulekile ukugcizelela ukuthi iziguli eziningi ezidla izidakamizwa ze-hormonal zingaba nesifo sikashukela. Kodwa-ke, imvamisa iqhubeka ngendlela emnene futhi inyamalala ngokuphelele ngemuva kokuphothulwa kwenkambo yokwelashwa.
Uhlobo olunzima lwalesi sifo, njengomthetho, lubonwa kuphela kubantu abanesifo sikashukela noma osuvele unalesi sifo. Abantu abaningi abanesifo sikashukela abazi ngokuxilongwa kwabo, njengoba lesi sifo siqhubeka ngesimo sasemuva. Kodwa-ke, ukuthatha i-corticosteroids kuthuthukisa inkambo yesifo futhi kusheshise ukukhula kwayo.
Enye into enomthelela ekuqubukeni kwesifo sikashukela se-steroid sikhuluphele, okufakazela ukuthi isifo sikashukela nokukhuluphala kuyahlangana.
Abantu abahlushwa ukukhuluphala kufanele basebenzise imishanguzo ye-hormonal ngokunakekela okukhulu futhi uma kuphela kunencomo kadokotela ngalokhu.
Ukwelashwa
Ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela i-steroid kufanele kwenziwe ngokuya esigabeni salesi sifo. Uma ukucasulwa kwe-insulin emzimbeni kumiswe ngokuphelele, khona-ke ukulwa nalesi sifo kufanele kwenziwe ngendlela efanayo nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1.
Ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela esincike ku-insulin kubandakanya izindlela ezilandelayo:
- Imijovo ye-insulin yansuku zonke;
- Ukuhambisana nokudla okwelaphayo (lokhu kungahle kube ukudla okune-carb ephansi, kepha kufakwa kubantu abanesifo sezinso);
- Ukuzivocavoca okuphezulu komzimba (ukuhamba, ukugijima, indawo yokuzivocavoca);
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukudla kanye nokuzivocavoca kubaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni isimo sesiguli. Lokhu kwelashwa kusiza ukugcina ushukela wegazi ojwayelekile.
Kubalulekile ukugcizelela ukuthi isifo sikashukela esincike ku-insulin yisifo esingelapheki, ngoba amaseli e-pancreatic b abhujiswe yi-corticosteroids awasabuyiselwa.
Uma ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin kungaphazanyiswanga ngokuphelele futhi amangqamuzana e-gland eqhubeka nokukhiqiza ama-hormone, khona-ke isiguli sithuthukisa isifo sikashukela esinga-insulin, esihambelana nohlobo 2 sikashukela.
Ukwelashwa kwayo kudinga:
- Ukuhambisana nokudla okuphansi kwe-carb;
- Ukuvivinya okuphoqelekile;
- Ukuthatha izidakamizwa ezandisa ukuzwela kwezicubu kuya ku-insulin: Glucophage, Thiazolidinedione kanye neSiofor;
- Ukulwa nesisindo ngokweqile (uma ikhona);
- Kuvunyelwe imijovo ye-insulin ukuze kulondolozwe indlala ethintekile.
Ngale hlobo lwesifo sikashukela, umsebenzi we-pancreatic ungalulama ngokuphelele, okusho ukuthi isifo sikashukela esinga-insulin singelapheka.
Uma isiguli sitholakale sinesifo sikashukela, kepha sinqabe ukuthatha i-corticosteroids (ngokwesibonelo, ngokufakelwa kwezinso noma i-asthma enzima ye-bronchial), sinikezwe ama-hormone e-anabolic ukusiza ukuguqula imiphumela yezidakamizwa ze-glucocorticoid. Ukuphathwa okunjalo kusiza ukugcina inhlalakahle yesiguli. Imininingwane ngenkinga ikuvidiyo kule vidiyo.
