Lokhu kuba yisizathu sokuthi odokotela baphoqeleka ukuthi bathathe izinyathelo ezinqala zokwelapha iziguli ezinjengalezi, ezisiza ukukhulisa isikhathi sabo sokuphila futhi zingafaki imiphumela ebulalayo esheshayo.
Enye yezinkinga ezinkulu kakhulu zesifo sikashukela iba yi-gangrene emanzi yesifo sikashukela. Isimo esifanayo, isifo sokuqina kwesifo sikashukela i-mellitus, sikhula ezimweni lapho umzimba womuntu ogulayo uqala izinqubo ezingezinhle eziningi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
- izilonda zamathambo namalunga;
- ukubonakala kwezilonda emilenzeni;
- izinkinga zokujikeleza okuye kwavela ngenxa ye-atherosulinosis.
Uma umuntu onesifo sikashukela engathathi izinyathelo ezifika ngesikhathi ezibandakanya ukwelashwa okuphezulu futhi okuphelele, khona-ke ezimweni ezinjalo ukuthuthukiswa kwe-gangrene yamaphethelo aphansi kuqala.
Gangrene lamaphethelo aphansi
I-Diabetesic wet gangrene - leli gama kufanele liqondwe njengokufa kwezicubu zomzimba wendawo womuntu, okuholela eqinisweni lokuthi izicubu eziphilayo negazi zingenwa yizinto ezinobuthi be-cadaveric nezinobuthi. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukulimala okukhulu kwezitho ezibalulekile kuqala: amaphaphu, isibindi nezinso. Uma ungabhekani nokwelashwa, khona-ke umphumela obulalayo ezimweni ezinjalo awunakugwemeka.
Ukwehluleka ukuthola usizo lwezokwelashwa olufanele, ukwelashwa okunganele kanye nokuphila ngendlela engafanele yesifo sikashukela kungadala indlela yokuqothula lesi sifo, isifo sikashukela esishubile - ukunqunywa kwengqondo.
Ngokuhamba kwesifo sikashukela, kuqhamuka ama-gangren of the lowities. Lokhu kungaba wumonakalo ohlukile - kusuka ku-phalanx eyodwa yomunwe, wonke umunwe, unyawo, nokunqanyulwa komlenze kuya nangaphezulu kwezinga ledolo. Inketho yokugcina kufanele isetshenziswe kuphela ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu nezithuthukile ze-gangrene.
Izizathu eziphambili zokuthuthuka kwe-gangrene
Izici ezidala ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga zesifo sikashukela ngendlela yokuqothuka kwezicubu zomzimba kufaka phakathi:
- I-ischemic gangrene yenzeka ngokumelene nesizinda se-atherosclerosis, esivimba imithambo yegazi futhi siphazamise ukuhamba kwegazi okungokwemvelo. Umphumela wale nqubo ukuntuleka kwegazi nomoya-mpilo, bese-ke ukufa kwalezi izicubu ezithintekile kuqala;
- unyawo lwesifo sikashukela lubonakaliswa izilonda onyaweni noma emlenzeni ophansi. Abaphili isikhathi eside, bayatheleleka bese kuba ukuqala kwezifo ezithathelanayo;
- i-polyneuropathy yenzeka ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle kokudla okunoshukela okwenzeka engqamuzaneni ngayinye yesimiso sezinzwa. Ngale nqubo, ama-microvessels ayathinteka, futhi amaseli aguga ngokushesha okukhulu;
- imikhumbi emincane iyahlupheka, futhi ukubaluleka kwezindonga zama-capillaries kuncishiswa kakhulu;
- imikhumbi emikhulu iyathinteka ngenxa ye-atherossteosis, okuholela ku-thrombosis;
- ukwephulwa kwezinqubo zemvelo zokwakhiwa kwezicubu zamathambo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwamathambo, i-abscess, necrosis ne-fistula;
- izakhiwo zokuzivikela emzimbeni ziyancipha, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kuyavela.
Kaningi, akusona isizathu esisodwa esiholela ekubukekeni kwe-gangrene, kepha uchungechunge lwazo, lapho umuntu ekwazi ukuveza ukubonakaliswa kwesinye.
Noma yiluphi uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela lungaba usongo ekuthuthukiseni izinkinga zomlenze. Ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela, amanxeba nezilonda kungenzeka emaphethelweni aphansi. Njengomthetho, ngenxa yomkhawulo wobuhlungu obuphansi kakhulu, umuntu akazizwa nje izilonda zemilenze yakhe. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi lunjani unyawo lwesifo sikashukela esigabeni sokuqala ukuze ungabangeli inkinga.
Ungakuthola kanjani ukuqala kwe-gangrene?
Kunzima ukusungula izibonakaliso ezithile zokuqala zomonakalo kwezicubu eziphilayo zemilenze, kanye nokutheleleka kwazo ngezinto ze-cadaveric, ngoba cishe azikho ngenxa yokuzwa kokulahleka. Kodwa-ke, kunezingcingo ezithile ezikhathazayo okufanele unake kakhulu, ngoba ungabazi ubungozi bokuqala kwesifo.
Izimpawu eziphambili eziyinhloko zokukhula kwesifo sikashukela esihlasela sikashukela zifaka:
- umuzwa ongapheli wesisindo nokukhathala kwemilenze, ukudonsa, ukubanda nokuqwasha kungenzeka;
- ukuwohloka konyawo nemisipha kubuhlungu;
- kukhona ushintsho kumbala wesikhumba sonyawo, amazinga okushisa alo. Lokhu kungabonakala ngokubomvu, i-pallor, kanye ne-cyanosis yonyawo. Kuzohlala kubanda, kwesinye isikhathi ngisho nokuvuvukala, ukubiza noma ukugxila kobomvu.
Izimpawu zesikhashana se-gangrene kwisifo sikashukela:
- ezindaweni ezithintekile emilenzeni kukhona i-pain pain engapheliyo engamiswa;
- isikhumba sezindawo eziyinkinga siba mnyama noma sibomvu;
- ku-foci ye-necrosis akukho ukunikezwa kwegazi;
- ukutheleleka kujoyina inqubo, ikakhulukazi nge-gangrene emanzi;
- kuba ne-nausea, amakhaza, izinga lokushisa lomzimba okuphezulu futhi kunokukhuphuka komoya okuningi.
Ukucacisa ukutholakala kwesi sifo, odokotela bazodinga ukuhlolwa kwesiguli, i-neurological, bacteriological, ukuhlaziya kwe-urea, i-creatine, i-glycemia, i-ultrasound diagnosis yokuhamba kwegazi, kanye nama-x-ray.
Izindlela zokwelapha
I-gangrene emanzi yesifo sikashukela ingalashwa ngezindlela ezimbili eziphambili. Sikhuluma ngamalungiselelo okulawula nokuhlinza, nokho, kuyindlela yokugcina - esebenzayo kakhulu.
Ukuze uthole ukwelashwa okulondoloziwe kwe-gangrene ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, kuyadingeka ukuthi uhlolwe ngokuphelele futhi uthole imiphumela elandelayo:
- isinxephezelo sikashukela;
- ukunciphisa ukusabalala kokutheleleka nokudakwa ngokusebenzisa ama-antibiotic;
- ukwehla kwezinga lomthwalo emilenzeni, futhi ikakhulukazi endaweni ethintekile;
- ngosizo lwamavithamini namaminerali, kuyadingeka ukufezekisa ukwanda kwezinga lokuvikelwa nokuvikelwa komzimba ezifweni.
Uma lokhu kuyi-gangrene emanzi yesifo sikashukela, khona-ke indlela yokwelashwa ngokuqinisekile iyadingeka ukukhipha ukufa kwesiguli. Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, udokotela ohlinzayo ususa izicubu ezithintekile, futhi futhi uhlanza eziseduze.
Uma kuphela umunwe uthintekile, unyawo lungasuswa ukuvikela ubunzima. Nge-gangrene onyaweni, kufanele ukhulume ngokususa umlenze uye ezingeni ledolo. Isenzo esifanayo ngesinye isikhathi singadingeka lapho kutholakala khona isifo sikashukela semikhawulo ephansi, ukwelashwa kuleli cala nakho kungaba yinto enkulu.
Ngokubambisana nokuhlinzwa, isenzo esilandelayo siyenzeka:
- ukusetshenziswa kwama-anti-spectrum okubulala amagciwane;
- ukwenza ukwelashwa okuhlose ukwehlisa izinga lokudakwa komzimba;
- ukumpontshelwa igazi.
Ngaphezu kokukhishwa kwamaseli afile, ukwelashwa okufanayo kuyenziwa. Kungabonakala ngokukhishwa kwezinqe zegazi emithanjeni yegazi noma emithanjeni eqhamuka ngenxa yesifo se-coronary. Kuze kube manje, kunendlela ethuthuka kakhulu yokuxazulula le nkinga. Imithambo yokuhlanza umuthi isebenzisa iphenyi ekhethekile efakwe ngaphakathi kubo. Le ndlela iqeda ukusikeka esikhunjeni nasemithanjeni yegazi, okubalulekile kwabanesifo sikashukela.
Ukuqunjelwa kwemicrosuction kungenziwa, okusiza ekugcineni unyawo uma kunezifo zeminwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-stenting iyenziwa, enomphumela onenzuzo enkambweni yokusebenza kokuhlinzwa futhi, kwezinye izimo, isiza ukuqeda ukunqunywa. Uma ukwelashwa kwe-ischemia kwenziwa, khona-ke lokhu kuzosiza ukunciphisa izinhlungu ngesikhathi se-gangrene emanzi
