Imithetho eyi-12 yesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa

Izinga le-carbohydrate metabolism empeleni liqashelwa ngokubheka odokotela kubo bonke abesifazane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Uma ukutholwa kwehle kancane kutholwa, ukudla okunikezwa kwabesifazane abakhulelwe (GDM) kuqala kunqunywe. Ihluka kakhulu ekudleni okujwayelekile kwe-carb ephansi, esetshenziswa kabanzi kwabanesifo sikashukela, ngoba ngalesi sikhathi awukwazi ukunciphisa kakhulu okuqukethwe kwekhalori yansuku zonke kanye nenani loshukela.

Umongo wokudla uwukudla kwendalo okuphezulu ngokuncishiswa okuncane kwama-carbohydrate ngenxa yalawo alimaza kakhulu, ama-dessert nemikhiqizo kafulawa. Ukuzivocavoca umzimba kungathuthukisa ukubalwa kwegazi. Babekelwe izidingo ezifanayo - hhayi ukulimaza umama nengane yesikhathi esizayo.

Ukudla kwesidingo

I-insulin iyi-hormone eyingqayizivele emzimbeni wethu, ngosizo lwayo kuphela lapho kungenzeka khona ukuthola ushukela ekudleni, okungukuthi, i-carbohydrate metabolism. Ikhiqizwa ama-pancreas, izinga layo esegazini lilawulwa ngamanye ama-hormone. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, isizinda se-hormonal kowesifazane sishintsha kakhulu futhi ngokushesha. Ngalesi sikhathi, ama-pancreas kufanele asheshise umsebenzi wawo futhi akhiqize i-insulin kakhulu kunangaphambili.

Isifo sikashukela nokucindezela kuzoba yinto yesikhathi esedlule

• Ukwehlela ushukela -95%
• Ukuqedwa kwe-vein thrombosis - 70%
• Ukuqedwa kokushaya kwenhliziyo okuqinile -90%
• Ukuqeda umfutho wegazi ophakeme - 92%
• Ukwanda kwamandla ngesikhathi sosuku, ngcono ukulala ebusuku -97%

Uma engaphumeleli ukwenza lokhu, izinga likashukela wegazi likhuphuka egazini lowesifazane okhulelwe. Iqinisa ushukela i-mellitus ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ukumelana ne-insulin, okujwayelekile kubantu abanesisindo esiningi. Ngaphandle kokuthi ukwanda kwe-glucose kungokwesikhashana futhi esikhathini esiningi akufinyeleli izibalo ezibucayi, akunakwa.

Ukungezelela ushukela ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 kuphathwa ngempumelelo ngokudla, ukuzivocavoca kanye nabenzeli be-hypoglycemic. Kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, le mishanguzo inqatshelwe, ukusebenza ngokomzimba kungenzeka kuphela emaphashini, ngakho-ke ukugcizelela okuyinhloko ekwelashweni kwesifo sikashukela sokuthambisa kusidlo. Uma ushintsho ekudleni lungasizanga ukubuyisela ushukela kokujwayelekile (bheka amanani ajwayelekile), ukwelashwa kwe-insulin kunqunyelwe. Kulokhu, lokhu kudla kuba nzima kakhulu, kepha kungakhanselwa.

Izeluleko Zokudla

Udokotela we-endocrinologist uzokujwayela ngokushesha ngemithetho yokudla kwe-GDM ngokushesha ngemuva kokuxilongwa. Uzokhipha uhlu lokudla okuvunyelwe nolungavinjelwe nezitsha. Inhloso yokudla ukunciphisa umzimba udinga i-insulin, wehlise isisindo, wehlise isibindi, usebenze kahle umsebenzi wezinso, kepha ngasikhathi sinye unikeze inani elanele lokudla okunempilo, konke okudingwa ngumama nengane ngamavithamini kanye namaminerali. Ukuphela kwendlela yokufinyelela lokhu ukufaka ekudleni kwakho inani lokudla okwakhayo, futhi unciphise amakhalori "angenalutho".

Inzuzo enkulu

Into yokuqala okufanele yenziwe ngemuva kokuxilongwa kwesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa ukuhlaziya indlela odla ngayo ukuze uhambisane nezidingo ezilandelayo:

1. Etafuleni lowesifazane okhulelwe onesifo sikashukela kufanele abe khona kuyo yonke imikhiqizo eminingi, futhi ukusondela kakhulu ekubukekeni kwabo kwemvelo, kube ngcono. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi ukudla bekubandakanya ukudla okuvela kuwo wonke amaqembu amakhulu: inyama, inhlanzi, okusanhlamvu, imidumba, imifino, ubisi, amajikijolo nezithelo. Ukudla okunjalo kuphela okunganelisa isidingo sezinto ezimbili zezinto eziwusizo. Uma imikhiqizo eqenjini elithile ingafakiwe ekudleni ngenxa yomzimba noma izinto ozithandayo, qiniseka ukwazisa udokotela wakho ngalokhu. Uzokhetha okunye esikhundleni esifanele noma anikeze amanye amavithamini.
2. Ukudla okudingakalayo kwekhalori ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kubalwa kususelwa kuma-kilocalories angama-30 ngekhilogremu ngalinye lesisindo. Uma umuntu wesifazane ekhuluphele ngokweqile, inani lokudla lokudla lingancishiswa. Inani eliphansi elivunyelwe lama-kilocalories angama-12 kg kg yesisindo somzimba. Lokhu kuvinjelwa kwethulwa ezimweni ezibucayi, lapho isisindo sowesifazane okhulelwe seqa kakhulu i-100 kg, futhi kukhona ukumelana ngokuqinile kwe-insulin. Ezimweni eziningi, udinga ukusebenzisa cishe ama-kcal angama-2000 ngosuku, ezinyangeni zokugcina ngaphezulu.
3. Ukuze usondele kwikhalori oyifunayo, ama-carbohydrate asheshayo namafutha ezilwane awafakwa ekudleni. Ukudla ngaphandle koshukela okugayeka kalula kukhulisa ushukela wegazi kancane futhi kancane, okungukuthi, amanyikwe awavimbela izikhathi zokucindezela okukhulu. Isikhombisi sokunquma ama-carbohydrate avumelekile yinkomba ye-glycemic. Imvamisa, ngesifo sikashukela, ungadla ukudla nge-GI> 50, ngokuqondile, lesi sibalo sinqunywa udokotela ngokuya ngamanani wegazi - bheka amatafula we-glycemic indices yemikhiqizo.
4. Amafutha wezilwane, amafutha esundu kanye kakhukhunathi anothile ngamafutha acid. Benza ngcono ukuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic, bafake isandla ekuthuthukiseni ukukhuluphala, banciphise isenzo se-insulin. Amafutha anjalo ekudleni awavunyelwe ngaphezu kwe-10%, okungukuthi, cishe ama-20 g ngosuku. Kungcono ukuzitholela imikhiqizo yobisi namaqanda.
5. Ukuze abesifazane abakhulelwe bathole ushukela ngokulingene egazini ngesikhathi sesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa, ukudla kufanele kwenziwe njalo. Phakathi kokudla kwasekuseni okujwayelekile, isidlo sasemini kanye nesidlo sakusihlwa, udinga ukufaka okunye ukudla okulula okungu-3. Amakhalori asatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo usuku lonke. Akumele sivumele izimo lapho kuphekelwa khona ikhofi kuphela isidlo sasekuseni, futhi uhhafu wokudla oshukela okuphelele kudliwa ngesikhathi sokudla.
6. Musa ukweqa ukudla okuhleliwe. Ezikhathini zokudla, ingane ayinakho okondlayo, okungathinta kabi ukukhula kwayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ushukela uyancipha ngalesi sikhathi, bese ukhula ngokushesha ekudleni kokuqala. Kufakazelwa ukuthi ukukhuphuka kwe-glucose ngemuva kwenkathi yendlala kuphezulu kunokudla okune-yunifomu yomsoco. Ngenxa yezizathu ezifanayo, akunakwenzeka ukuhlela izinsuku zokuzila zesifo sikashukela noma ukungadli kusihlwa.
7. Isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa, amathuba okuba ne-toxicosis sekwephuzile aphezulu. Kudinga ukugadwa okuphoqelekile kwezokwelapha. Ukunciphisa ukugula kwasekuseni, ukungaphumi embhedeni ekuseni, ungaphuza amanzi, ugcotshwe kancane ujusi kalamula, itiye eliluhlaza nge-mint noma i-ginger, udle ama-crackers noma isinkwa.
8. I-GDM isiza ukukhulisa ukuxinana kwegazi. Igazi elikhudlayo lihambisa oksijini olubi kanye nokudla okunempilo kuzingane. Ukuze kungakhuli lesi simo, owesifazane okhulelwe udinga ukuvikeleka ekuphelisweni komzimba. Ukuze wenze lokhu, okungenani amalitha ama-1.5 koketshezi, ikakhulukazi amanzi amsulwa, kufanele ageleze emgodini wokugaya ukudla nsuku zonke. Tea nekhofi kukhawulelwe izinkomishi ezintathu ngosuku. Enye indlela enhle yamanzi ukufakwa kwe-rosehip.
9. Ukudla okunesifo sikashukela kumele kuqukethe inani elikhulu lemifino. Okusondelene kakhulu nokubukeka kwabo kwemvelo, okungcono. Okusho ukuthi, iklabishi entsha kusaladi iyathandeka ukuthungwa, kanti utamatisi wonke ulusizo kakhulu kune-ketchup evela kuyo. Khawulela imifino nge-GI ephezulu - amazambane, ama-turnips, ithanga. Amazambane ahlikiwe kusuka kule mifino ahlanganiswe ngokuphelele ekudleni.
10. Zonke izinsuku, izithelo kufanele zibe kumenyu. Isithelo esiphelele noma ingilazi yamajikijolo anesinkwa noma i-crackers yisidlakela esihle kunazo zonke. Izithelo zingaphansi kwezidingo ezifanayo nezemifino: kumele zibe zintsha, ziphelele, zingagcotshwanga, hhayi ukuthi zi-peeled. Ngale ndlela, i-fiber ligcinwa kakhulu kuyo, ebambezela ukukhuphuka kweglucose yegazi. Kungenxa yokungabikho noma inani elincane le-fiber kushukela ukuthi ama-juices anqatshiwe, noma asanda kufakwa - bheka imikhiqizo enokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwefayibha.
11. Okungenani ukudla okungu-2 kufanele kufake imikhiqizo yamaprotheni ezilwane - inyama nenhlanzi. Amaprotheni agayeka kahle futhi ayatholakala ekudleni kwasolwandle, kepha kufanele asetshenziswe ngokucophelela, ngoba yimbangela yokuphendula komzimba, futhi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa yinkimbinkimbi yesifo sikashukela, ubungozi bezinhlobo ezintsha zomgudu wokukhula komzimba buyanda. Imithetho yokupheka: susa isikhumba, unqume wonke amanoni bese upheka, ubhake noma ubambe.
12. Imikhiqizo yobisi - umthombo omuhle kakhulu we-calcium, okudingekayo ekukhuleni kwezicubu zomntwana. Uma ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kukhona ukushoda, le nto ithathwa emathanjeni, emazinyweni, kwizinzipho zikamama. Ushizi nokudla obisini olunobisi kungagayidwa kangcono - ama-yoghurts, i-kefir, iyogathi. Lapho uthenga ama-yoghurts, udinga ukubuka ukwakheka kwawo, ngoba ushukela nesitashi kuvame ukungezwa kubo, kunqatshelwe kushukela sikashukela.

Ubungozi obuncane

Ukudla kwesifo sikashukela sokuthinta komzimba kubandakanya:

• ukuvinjelwa okuphelele kotshwala, akunakwenzeka ngisho nengilazi engokomfanekiso ye-champagne, ngoba utshwala “bujika” ushukela wegazi: ekuqaleni kukhona ukwanda ngenxa kashukela oqukethwe kuyo, bese kuncipha ngenxa yemiphumela enobuthi esibindini, bese kuthi ukukhula okuqinile esidlweni esilandelayo;
• ukwenqatshwa kwemikhiqizo esekuqediwe, ukudla okusheshayo, amasoseji akhiqizwe ngenkuthalo. Le mikhiqizo ngokuvamile ayihlangabezani nezidingo zokuqukethwe kwamafutha nama-carbohydrate;
• ukukhawulelwa kwetiyi nekofi, ngoba i-caffeine ne-tannin kuyitsintsa kabi imithambo yegazi, ngakhoke kuhlushwa isifo sikashukela;
• esikhundleni semifino ekheniwe nezithelo ezintsha. Uma zingatholakali, izingxube zokufriza ezisheshayo ziyindlela enhle;
• ukulawula amakhalori aqine. Noma yikuphi ukudla ngokweqile kuzothinta kabi inkambo yokuhlanganiswa, njengoba ikhilogremu ngayinye yamafutha ithuthukisa ukumelana ne-insulin. Abesifazane abakhulelwe abangahambelani nale mfuneko kungenzeka ukuthi badinge imijovo ye-insulin.

Musa ukufaka ushukela ovinjelwe esikhundleni soshukela. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ukufakwa ekudleni kwawo wonke ama-analogues okufakelwa (i-cyclamate, i-aspartame, i-acesulfame, i-saccharin) akuvunyelwe. I-Xylitol nayo ayinconywa, ngoba yandisa umthwalo esibindini. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kuvunyelwa kuphela ushukela wemvelo, kepha ngesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa, ukudla kwabo kulinganiselwe ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-carbohydrate.

Udokotela kuphela ongakunikeza amavithamini, imiyalo yomuthi kufanele ikhombise ukuthi ivunyelwe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Izithako zokudla ezidalwa ngamavithamini nezidakamizwa zokunciphisa umzimba zivunyelwe ngokuphelele. Awukwazi ukuthatha noma yimaphi ama-ejenti we-hypoglycemic, ngoba wephula umsoco we-fetus.

Usizo oluhle ekudleni sikashukela wokuthambisa ngumzimba. Badinga ukunikezwa okungenani izinsuku ezi-3 ngesonto, futhi okungcono ihora nsuku zonke. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kunconywa ukuhamba amabanga amade namakilasi echibini.

Isibonelo Sokudla Kwansuku zonke

Enye indlela emnandi futhi enempilo ekudleni okujwayelekile

Ukufaka okunye ukudla okwenqatshelwe ngesikhathi sikashukela sokukhulelwa kungazilungiselela kalula:

• esikhundleni samasoseji - i-pastroma yokudla kusuka ebeleni lenkukhu noma le-turkey. IFillet ithululelwa ngamanzi kasawoti amahora amabili (ingilazi yezipuni sikasawoti). Ngemuva kwalokho ihlatshwa ezindaweni eziningana ngommese futhi ifakwe ngxube: isipuni samafutha zemifino, usawoti omncane, noma yikuphi ukuthosa, ngokuzikhethela - uginindela kagalikhi. Umkhiqizo osuqediwe ubekwa kuhhavini oshushube kakhulu (250 ° C) imizuzu engu-15. Ngemuva kwalokho, ngaphandle kokuvula umnyango, kuhhavini kuvaliwe bese umfutho usala kuwo uze upholile ngokuphelele. Umkhiqizo ophelile uthambile futhi unoshukela;
• yogurt eyenziwe ekhaya Ilungiselelwe futhi kalula nje: ulethe ilitha lobisi ngokuphila okufushane eshalofini bese ubanda kuze kufike ku-40 ° C. Thela ubisi esitsheni sengilazi, engeza u-1 tbsp. gcina iyogathi ngaphandle koshukela nezithasiselo, hlanganisa kahle, uvale isivalo bese usonga. Ungayifaka ebhethri noma esikhwameni esishisayo. Emahoreni angu-7 umkhiqizo uzobe usulungile. Ukuthola iyogathi enkudlwana, ungantula isyum evele ebusweni bayo ngesihlungo esihle noma izingqimba eziningana ze-gauze;
• esikhundleni seosus yezimboni - Ukugqoka kwesaladi okwenziwe ekhaya. I-yogi kalamula ilungiselelwe kalula: kuzipuni ezimbili zeyogathi eyenziwe ekhaya faka isipuni sejusi kalamula, amakhambi oqoshiwe. Ungaguqula ukunambitheka ngokungeza ushizi onamafutha amancane, isinaphi, ukhukhamba osikiwe, amakhambi.

Ukudla okunempilo kanye nemidlalo ngemuva kokubeletha

Ngokwehora ngemuva kokuzalwa kwengane, amazinga kashukela kowesifazane okhulelwe azinza. Isizinda se-hormonal senziwe ngendlela ejwayelekile, isidingo se-insulin sincishiswa kakhulu. Ezimweni ezingavamile, i-mellitus yesifo sikashukela ingaqhubeka ngemuva kokuzalwa kwengane, kulokhu bakhuluma ngokuqalwa kwesifo sohlobo 2. Isimo esinjalo singenzeka uma ukukhulelwa kuthinta kabi ikhono le-pancreas lokuhlanganisa i-insulin, owesifazana ukukhuluphala, noma umsebenzi wezimoto uphikisiwe.

Ukuze kutholakale ukuhlukumezeka okufike ngesikhathi esesigabeni esingamahlalakhona, owesifazane owabhalisa ubhaliswe kwi-endocrinologist. Ukuhlolwa ushukela (okuvame ukuthi kube yi-glycated hemoglobin noma isivivinyo sokubekezelela ushukela) kuzodingeka kwenziwe ngemuva kwezinyanga ezi-3, bese kuphindwa njalo emva kweminyaka emithathu, emva kweminyaka engamashumi amane - ngonyaka.

Isihloko esinemininingwane mayelana nokuhlolwa kokukhuthazelela ushukela lapha - diabetiya.ru/analizy/glyukozotolerantnyj-test-kak-sdavat-normy.html

Ingane nayo iba nengozi eyengeziwe yokukhuluphala nesifo sikashukela, ngakho-ke ibonwa udokotela wezingane. Uma umama egcina ukudla kangcono, futhi ukusondela kokujwayelekile wayeba noshukela wegazi, mancane amathuba okuba ingane ibe nezinkinga ezinjalo.

Ukuze unciphise amathuba wesifo sikashukela kumama, kufanele:

1. Ngemuva kokuzalwa kwengane, yehlisa isisindo ibe yinto evamile. Imigomo yokudla iyafana: asibandakanyi amaswidi kanye namafutha angenampilo, silandela ukudla okunempilo.
2. Faka nemidlalo ejwayelekile enkambisweni yakho yansuku zonke. Ekuqaleni, lokhu kungaba ukuhamba nge-stroller ngesivinini esisheshayo, bese kuba yiluphi uqeqesho ekhaya, emgwaqweni noma esikhungweni sokuqina. Ukuphela kwesidingo somsebenzi wokuzivocavoca isiqalo esibushelelezi. Akunakwenzeka ukulayisha kakhulu izicubu, ngoba lokhu kungathinta inani lobisi nokwakheka kwalo. Isikhombisi esiyinhloko ukungabikho noma ubuhlungu obuncane bemisipha ngemuva kokuqeqeshwa.
3. Ungasebenzisi kabi i-carbohydrate esheshayo ngokuzayo.

Ungafunda futhi:

• I-Diet 9 tafula - yakhelwe ngokukhethekile abantu abanoshukela omningi.
• Hlobo luni lwezithelo engingazidla nesifo sikashukela (uhlu olukhulu)