I-AKARBOZA - IMIYALO ESETSHENZISWAYO, INTENGO, UKUBUYEKEZWA KANYE NAMA-ANALOGUES

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I-Acarbose isidakamizwa esidumile phakathi kwabanesifo sikashukela: sinqunyelwe i-prediabetes, isifo sikashukela sazo zombili izinhlobo, i-metabolic syndrome. Ekwelashweni okuyinkimbinkimbi, i-inhibitor isebenza kahle kwisifo sikashukela esivela ku-hyperglycemia. Kukhona izidakamizwa eziningi ezinamakhono afanayo emakethe yamakhemikhali, yini inzuzo ye-acarbose?

Uhambo lomlando

Imizamo yokususa ubuntu “kulobhubhane olumnandi” yenziwa ngekhulu leminyaka edlule.

Kuliqiniso, ngokwezibalo, khona-ke lalingekho inani elihlaba umxhwele labashukela. Lesi sifo saqala ukusabalala lapho amashalofu ezitolo zethu eqala ukuwohloka emikhiqizweni yekhwalithi engathandeki, ngoba amaSoviet GOSTs akhanseliwe, futhi izimo ezintsha zobuchwepheshe bezingamkhawulisi umenzi ekuhlolweni kwezempilo zethu.

Ukuqonda ukuthi inkinga enkulu yesifo sikashukela i-mellitus (DM) kuwukuphula umthetho we-carbohydrate metabolism, ososayensi bazamile ukuthuthukisa umuthi owubeka emngceleni ukusetshenziswa kwama-carbohydrate, onikeza umuntu omdala isigamu sosuku lwama-kilojoule.

Kuyiqiniso, akekho ophumelele ukufeza le nhloso ngaphandle kokudla okuphansi kwe-carb namuhla, kepha ukukhuthaza ngokwengeziwe kwamafutha nama-carbohydrate metabolism ngeke kuzilimaze izazi zesifo sikashukela, ikakhulukazi ngoba bambalwa babo abakwaziyo ukulandela izincomo ze-endocrinologist.

I-Glucosidase inhibitors isivele ibonise imiphumela emihle kakhulu ekulweni nesifo sikashukela. Lama enzymes angahle anciphise ushukela ku-glucose, okulula ukuyigaya. Ngakho-ke, banezelwa ohlwini lwemithi yokwelapha abanesifo sikashukela.

Ngemuva kokubala ukudla kwansuku zonke kwe-non-diabetes:

I-Monosaccharides (ngesimo se-fructose ne-glucose) - 25 g;
Ama-Disaccharides (sucrose) - 100g;
I-Polysaccharides (efana nesitashi) - 150g.

Ungaqonda ukuthi ukuvimba ushukela owedlulele kunikezwa kangcono esigabeni sokuqala se-metabolism, emathunjini, lapho bezophuma khona ngendlela yabo yoqobo.

Kungani kunakwa kakhulu isitashi? I-substrate yemvelo ye-α-amylase iqukethe i-amylose ne-amylopectin, futhi ingahle idilizwe ukuze isulwe ngokusebenzisa amathe kanye namanyikwe, aqukethe ama-enzymes we-α-amylase. Ama-Disaccharides aqhekeza kushukela kanye ne-fructose emathunjini ngaphansi kwethonya le-α-glucosidases. Yilawa ama-monosaccharides angena egazini evela emathunjini.

Kusobala ukuthi ukwehla komsebenzi wamanyikwe namathumbu kuzokwehlisa ukubonwa kwengxenye yama-carbohydrate angena emzimbeni ngokudla. Ama-inhibitors ama-enzymes we-saccharolytic, atholakala kwezinye izitshalo (ngokwesibonelo, e-stevia), aphuka kalula futhi anganikeli imiphumela engathandeki. Ama-Analogs atholakala ku-buckwheat, i-rye, ummbila, izindunduma namantongomane. Ngeshwa, amandla abo ayenganele ukulawula kwe-glycemic of igazi.

Izicucwana ezincane zeMicobobial zitholakale zisebenza kahle, lapho zitholakala khona izithintelo ezinemiphumela eminingi ebabazekayo: amaprotheni, ama-aminosaccharides, ama-oligosaccharides, ama-glycopolypeptides. I-olisaccharide ethembisayo kunazo zonke kwakuyi-Acarbosum, eyakhiwa kusuka kuma-microorganisms atshaliwe. Ngokuvimbela ama-glucosidases amancane wamathumbu, kunciphisa ukuguqulwa kwesitashi kube ushukela.

Okunye okutholwe kukho kwenziwe ngawo ngesisekelo se-ascarbose, kepha awunawo umphumela we-multivariate.

Amathuba wemithi

Imithi esekwe ku-Ascarbose:

Yehlisa ukufakwa kwama-carbohydrate emathunjini;
Yehlisa i-postprandial (ngemuva kokudla, "prandial" - "kwasemini") glycemia;
Vikela i-hypoglycemia;
Khipha ngaphandle kokukhuphuka kwe-insulin.

Lapho udla ukudla okunenqwaba yama-carbohydrate, umphumela we-asogbose ubonakala kakhulu.

I-inhibitor isiza ukulwa nokukhuluphala, ukwehla kwesifiso sokudla kanye nokudla kwe-caloric ekudleni kwansuku zonke, futhi kunciphisa ungqimba lwamafutha e-visceral.

Imilutha yokudla okunamafutha, izithako eziphakeme kakhulu zekhalori kunciphisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwe-acarbose, ngoba umphumela wayo uhlose ukujwayeza i-carbohydrate, kunokuba i-lipid metabolism.

Ngenxa yezimpawu zayo ze-pharmacological, i-inhibitor ibopha ama-enzyme wesisu, ukuvimbela ukuhlukaniswa kwamakhabhohayidi abe ushukela olulula oluthakwe ngokushesha emathunjini.

I-Acarbose ngomshini wesenzo iqhathaniswa namandla e-fiber, imicu yama-coarse eyakha inhlama, engatholakali ekugayweni ngama-enzyme. Umehluko ukuthi umuthi uvimbela amandla ama-enzyme ngokwawo. Njengokungalingani kwamaseli, ama-carbohydrate aba "ongenakungeneka" ujusi wesisu futhi aphume angashintshiwe, anda imiqondo eyingqayizivele. Ukusuka kulokhu kulandela ukuthi amandla we-inhibitor angathuthukiswa uma imikhiqizo enama-coarse fiber isetshenziswa ngokufana. Le ndlela isebenza kahle kakhulu ekunciphiseni isisindo.

Naphezu kwezakhiwo zayo ezivimbayo, i-inhibitor ayephuli ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwesisu, ngoba ayithinti ngqo umsebenzi we-amylo-, proteino- kanye ne-lipolytic wejusi yokugaya ukudla.

Amandla omuthi nawo ancike kumthamo: ngokwanda okujwayelekile, izinkomba ze-hypoglycemic ziphezulu.

Abanesifo sikashukela abathatha i-acarbose nokuphuma kwayo kukhombisile imiphumela emihle kwamanye amapharamitha abalulekile:

Kwehliswe i-triglycerol ne-cholesterol egazini;
Yehla ekuhlangeni kwe-lipoprotein lipase kumaseli we-adipose.

Uma i-inhibitor ingenwa ngqo esiswini, ivimbela umsebenzi we-α-glucosidases. Ama-carbohydrate ayagaywa isikhathi eside kangangokuba ingxenye enkulu yawo ayethulwanga engashintshiwe. Lokhu kuthinta izinkomba ze-glucometer ngendlela evumelana kahle kakhulu: yize zanda, azibalulekanga kangako ngaphandle kokubamba iqhaza kwe-acarbose. Ngokusebenza kwayo, ingaqhathaniswa ne-Metformin edumile, efakwa kuma-diabetes nabapheki be-renal.

Kubalulekile ukuthi i-acarbose, ngawo wonke amandla ayo ukuthonya amandla e-carbohydrate, ayiguquli amandla okusebenza kwamanyikwe. Okuqukethwe ushukela ne-insulin, okwenziwa ngokuhambisana nokuguquguquka kwe-glycemic, kuncishiswa ngokufanayo.

I-Acarbose nayo ibekelwe uhlobo lokuqala lwesifo sikashukela, ngoba ukusetshenziswa kwayo kunciphisa inani le-insulin eyengeziwe ngesigamu.

Umuthi uzosiza ukujwayeza i-glycemia ngokwejwayelekile, kepha ukudla kudinga ukulungiswa ngakho, ngoba ukuntuleka kwe-carbohydrate kuyingozi nje ngokweqile.

Ngisho nasezimweni ezisezingeni eliphakeme, onesifo sikashukela esibolile, lapho i-insulin inxephezela ushukela, ngemuva kwenkambo eyodwa yokwelashwa kwe-acarbose, abanesifo sikashukela baphawula ukwehla kwe-glucosuria (ukuba khona kwe-glucose kumchamo).

Kwandisa ukubekezelelwa kwezidakamizwa ne-glucose, kepha akuyona into eshintshwayo eyi-100% yezidakamizwa eziyisisekelo ekwelapheni isifo sikashukela. Kubizwa njengomuthi owengeziwe ekuhlanganiseni ukwelashwa. Isibonelo, i-acarbose izothuthukisa umphumela we-sulfonylurea.

Umuthi futhi ukhonjiswa kulabo abanenkinga yokungezwani komzimba abangakwazi ukubekezelela i-insulin.

Kubalulekile ukuthi lolu hlobo lwe-inhibitor lungabi ne-carcinogenic, i-embryotoxic ne-mutagenic.

Umuthi awutholakali emzimbeni womgudu wokugaya ukudla, amagciwane nama-enzyme asiza ukudala izinhlobo zezinto eziyi-13. I-acarbose engasetshenziswanga ikhishwa amathumbu emahoreni angama-96.

Kuboniswa ubani i-acarbose futhi kubethelwe kuye

Kunqunyelwe i-inhibitor yokuthi:

Uhlobo 2 sikashukela;
Izinkinga ze-carbohydrate metabolism;
Ukuphazamiseka kwemetabolic;
Isifo sikashukela;
Ukukhuluphala;
Ukuntuleka kokubekezelela ushukela;
Ukwephulwa kwe-glycemia esheshayo;
I-Lactate ne-diabetes acidosis;
Thayipha isifo sikashukela sokuqala.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-acarbose kuphambaniswe ku:

I-cirrhosis yesibindi;
I-ketoacidosis;
Ukuvuvukala nezilonda zepheshana esiswini;
I-ulcerative colitis;
Ukuvinjwa komzimba;
I-Diabetes nephropathy;
Ukukhulelwa, ukukhulelwa;
Iminyaka yezingane.

Ngokuqapha, i-acarbose kanye nokuphuma kwayo kuchazwe ngemuva kokulimala, ngesikhathi sezifo ezithathelwanayo, ngoba umzimba obuthakathaka awunawo amandla anele okululama. Ngokushoda kwe-glucose noma ukuvimba kwayo, i-hypoglycemia noma i-acetonemic syndrome kungenzeka.

Emiphumela emibi kungenzeka:

Ukuphazamiseka kwesigqi sokuhamba kwamathumbu;
Ukuphazamiseka kwe-dyspeptic;
Ukwanda kokuhlushwa kwama-transaminase;
Ukuncishiswa ku-hematocrit;
Ukunciphisa okuqukethwe kwamavithamini ne-calcium egazini;
Ukuvuvukala, ukulunywa, ukusabela komzimba.

Isifo se-Stool, ubuhlungu besisu nezinye izinkinga ngesisu namathumbu kungenzeka ngenxa yokuthi ukwehla kokumunwa kwama-carbohydrate kunomthelela wokuthi ezinye zazo ziqongelela emgodini wokugaya ukudla futhi zikhona isikhathi eside ngokwanele ngaphambi kokungena emathunjini amakhulu. Ukuqongelela okumnandi kuvusa ukukhula kwamagciwane abangela ukuvutshelwa, ukuthokomala, kanye nokunye ukuphazamiseka kwe-dyspeptic.

Umphumela ofanayo uyabonakala lapho kukhiqizwa i-champagne, lapho ama-bacterium avela ku-carbohydrate-i-Ferment ushukela wamagilebhisi, eshiya imiphumela yempilo yawo evaliwe Mhlawumbe, uma sicabange lesi sithombe, abaningi babezoyeka utshwala.

Isivunguvungu esisemathunjini singatamatiswa nge-metronidazole, udokotela ekuyalela ngokufana ne-acarbose. Ikhabhoni esebenzayo kanye nezinye izithambisi ezithobisayo i-microflora yamathumbu zinomphumela ofanayo.

Yehlisa ukusebenza kahle kokuphathwa kwe-acarbose kanyekanye:

I-Diuretics;
Corticosteroids;

I-estrogen;
Imithi yeHormone ye-gland yegilo;
Izindlela Zokuvimbela inzalo ngomlomo;
Abamelene ne-calcium
I-Phenothiazines neminye imithi.

Acarbose - imiyalo esetshenzisiwe

Ngokuyalela imiyalo, umthamo unqunywa ngokuya ngesisindo sesiguli. Uma, ngokwesibonelo, umuntu onesifo sikashukela esindala enesisindo somzimba esingama-60 kg, umthamo ka-25-50 mg unele kuye, nebala elikhudlwana, i-100 mg 3 r. / Usuku lunqunyelwe. Umthamo we-inhibitor kumele ukhushulwe ngezigaba, ukuze umzimba ukwazi ukuvumelana, futhi kungenzeka ukukhomba ukusabela okubi ngesikhathi.

Thatha umuthi ngaphambi kokudla noma ngasikhathi sinye. Igezwa phansi nganoma yiluphi uketshezi, uma umthamo ungafakwanga i-carbohydrate, i-acarbose ayinakuthathwa.

Uma umzimba usabela kabi kudosi elikhethiwe, lingakhuphuka lifinyelele ku-600 mg / ngosuku. futhi iphakeme kakhulu uma impilo ivumela.

Akunconyelwe ukuthi uzame umthamo ezigulini zobudala obuvuthiwe (kusuka eminyakeni engama-65 ubudala) kanye neziguli ezihluleka isibindi.

I-Inhibitor Analogs

I-analogue ethandwa kakhulu ye-acarbose yiGlucobay. I-Hypoglycemic ejenti ikhiqizwa eJalimane. Ukukhishwa ifomu - amaphilisi anesisindo esingu-50-100 mg, iphakethe ngalinye liqukethe izingcezu ezingama-30 kuye kwezingu-100.

Ngaphezu kwezidakamizwa ezisekuqaleni eChina naseYurophu, ungathenga i-generic enegama lomkhiqizo iGlucobay, e-USA naseNgilandi - Precose, eCanada - Prandase. Kwabashukela abane-cuisine yasempumalanga, umuthi uyasebenza kakhulu, futhi uthandwa kakhulu eChina, e-USA - kunalokho, ukusetshenziswa kwawo kukhawulelwe ngenxa yesifo sohudo kanye ne-flatulence.

Ukubuyekezwa mayelana ne-acarbose

Mayelana nomuthi nge-acarbose Glucobay, ukubuyekezwa kokunciphisa umzimba kuhlukaniswa ngokwezigaba. Umuthi awuhloselwe ukwehla kwesisindo, umiselwe abanesifo sikashukela, imvamisa yohlobo lwe-2.

ULazurenko Natalia “Angizibhalisi ngokusetshenziswa kwomuthi njalo ngenyanga nge-acarbose Glucobay. Kuqale nge-50 mg ngethamo ngalinye, ngokuya ngemiyalo elethwe ku-100 mg. Kwasemini, ngibuye ngithathe i-5 mg yeNovonorm. Manje ekugcineni ngakwazi ukulawula ushukela ngemuva kokudla. Uma ngaphambi kokudla okungaphansi kwe-10 kwakungekho, manje sekuyi-6.5-7 mmol / l. Ngenxa yalokhu kuhlolwa, ngidle amakhekhe ama-3 kwasemini (isayensi ayenzi ngaphandle kwemihlatshelo) - izinkomba ze-glucometer zivamile. Manje ngiyaqonda ukuthi kungani iGlucobai ithandwa kangaka eMelika nothando lwayo lokudla okusheshayo kanye nokunciphisa umzimba ngasikhathi sinye. "

UVinnik Vlad "Intengo yensimbi esetshenziselwa ukuvimba i-acarbose Glucobai e-Ukraine ngama- $ 25, eKyrgyzstan - $ 8, eRussia - isidakamizwa eshibhile eshibhile - esivela kuma-ruble angama-540. Impela ngeke asiphilise isifo sikashukela, kepha ubengicindezela ezingubeni zakhe. Nginqume ukungeza umuthi njengento eyengeziwe ngesikhathi sasemini, lapho ngona ngokudla kakhulu (amazambane, ama-beet), ngicabanga ukuthi lo muthi kufanele ube nendawo yawo ekulweni nesifo sikashukela. ”

Njengoba abaningi bethu bethola amandla kuma-carbohydrate, isidakamizwa esisemthethweni siyabasiza ngempela abantu abanesifo sikashukela nalabo abanciphisa isisindo sokudla futhi abanayo imiphumela emibi kangako njenge-analogues, ngoba ingathathwa ngenhloso ngaphambi kwengcezu yekhekhe noma esinye isilingo se-carbohydrate.

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