Isifo sikashukela ukugula okungalapheki kwe-endocrine okufaka izinkinga eziningi futhi kunciphise isikhathi sokuphila. Ukushona okubukhali ku-plasma glycemia kuyingozi ikakhulukazi.
I-athikili ichaza ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu zokuhlaselwa isifo sikashukela ezikhona nokuthi yini okufanele yenziwe ukuthuthukisa inhlala-kahle.
Izimbangela Zokuhlaselwa Ushukela
I-Hypoglycemia iqondwa njengesimo esibonakaliswa ukuqoqwa kashukela egazini ngaphansi kwendawo emisiwe. I-Hyperglycemia ukugxuma okubukhali ku-glucose up.
Zombili lezi zinketho ziyingozi kubantu. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukwazi izimbangela zokuqunjelwa futhi ugweme izinto ezicasulayo.
I-Hyperglycemia
Isizathu esikhulu soshukela oluphezulu ezigulini ezitholakala sinesifo sikashukela ukweqa amaphilisi okwehlisa ushukela noma imijovo ye-insulin. Uma umuthi ugcinwe ngokungesilo futhi uhlukumezekile, khona-ke kungenzeka kungasebenzi.
Ngenxa yalokho, amazinga e-glucose we-plasma azokhuphuka.
Phakathi kwezinye izimbangela ze-hyperglycemia yilezi:
- ukudla ukudla okwenziwe ngama-carbohydrate;
- ukucindezela okukhulu, injabulo;
- ukuntuleka kwemisebenzi yezimoto;
- ukuba khona kwama-pathologies ahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi izifo ezithathelwanayo;
- ukudla ngokweqile.
I-Hypoglycemia
Kuthuthukisa i-hypoglycemia kumuntu onesifo sikashukela, isidakamizwa esiseqisayo. Ukwehla okukhulu ushukela wegazi kungaholela ekushintsheni kwe-pharmacokinetics yezidakamizwa ezithile.
Lokhu kwenzeka lapho isiguli siqala ukuhluleka kwe-renal noma kwesibindi. Izinguquko ezenzeka kuma-pharmacokinetics nazo ziyabonakala ngokufakwa komuthi ekujuleni okungalungile (ngokwesibonelo, i-insulin ayingeni esikhunjeni, kepha ingangeni emsipha).
Ezinye izimbangela ze-hypoglycemia zingafaka:
- ukusebenza komzimba isikhathi eside nokubalulekile;
- i-gastroparesis;
- inkathi yokuhlanza;
- ukuphambuka ku-pituitary gland;
- ukukhulelwa
- i-pathology yezindlala ze-adrenal;
- ukwamukelwa kotshwala;
- ukondliwa okungafanele (uma isiguli singazange sidle ama-carbohydrate anele ukumboza umthamo we-insulin, amathuba wokuhlaselwa akhuphuka kakhulu);
- ukudla okungalawulwa kwe-barbiturates, ama-anticoagulants, ama-antihistamines (le mishanguzo ivimbela ukwakheka kwe-glucose esibindini, okudala isisekelo sokuthuthuka kokubanjwa kwe-hypoglycemia);
- ukwelashwa isikhathi eside nge-gamma globulin (ingxenye yamaseli we-beta ingalulama kanye nesidingo sokuwa kwe-insulin);
- i-malabsorption syndrome.
Izimpawu zokuhlaselwa kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-1 no-2
I-Hyper-, i-hypoglycemia ingaholela ekhefeni uma ungathathi izinyathelo zokulinganisa amazinga kashukela. Udinga ukwenza isenzo ekuqaleni kokuhlaselwa. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukwazi izimpawu zamazinga aphezulu kashukela we-plasma.
I-Hyperglycemic
Ukuhlaselwa kwe-hyperglycemia kuyinto ebonakala ngohlobo 2 sikashukela. Ukuthathwa kutholakala lapho ushukela wegazi edlula i-6.7 mmol / L.
I-ushukela omningi ungabonakala ngezimpawu ezinjalo:
- ukuchama njalo;
- iphunga le-acetone elisuka emgodini womlomo;
- umuzwa womlomo owomile njalo (amanzi adakiwe awangiqedi ukoma);
- ukuqunjelwa;
- ukuminyanisa ubuhlungu obukhulu esiswini.
I-Hypoglycemic
I-Hypoglycemia Ukuquleka kuvame ukwenzeka ngohlobo 1 sikashukela. Kuvela inkinga lapho ushukela uwa ngaphansi kuka-3 mmol / L. Lapho ushukela omningi wehla, ziba nzima ngokwengeziwe izimpawu zokuhlaselwa.
Izimpawu ze-glycemia ephansi:
- i-tachycardia;
- ukungahambi kahle;
- ukuzamazama kwemilenze;
- ukungazi kahle;
- umjuluko obandayo;
- isifiso esinamandla;
- iminyakazo
- ukukhathazeka okungenasisekelo;
- isithuthwane
- ubuthakathaka.
Ukwehla kwesifo sikashukela njengomphumela we-spikes ushukela
Umuntu onesifo sikashukela angadala ukhubazeka ngenxa yesikhuphukela ushukela. Isifo sikashukela esinesifo sikashukela siqondwa njengesimo esibi, esibonakaliswa ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kokusebenza kwezitho nezinhlelo, imetabolism, ushintsho olungenakuguqulwa.
I-Coma ingaba ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene:
- i-lactic acidotic. Kwenzeka ngenxa ye-anaerobic glycolysis ngokufakwa kwe-lactic acid. Izimbangela eziphambili zalesi simo i-sepsis, ukulimala kanzima, ukushaqeka, ukulahleka okukhulu kwegazi. Lolu hlobo lwe-coma aluvamile, kepha lubeka engcupheni enkulu impilo yomuntu;
- hyperosmolar. Kubonakala ngohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Isizathu ukwanda ukuchama. Njengomphumela wokuphelelwa ngamandla, amazinga egazi, kanye namazinga kashukela glucose ayanda. I-Glycemia ifinyelela ku-50-60 mmol / l;
- ketoacidotic. Ukunyuka kweglucose yegazi kungenxa yokwanda kwemizimba ye-plasma ketone. Imitha ikhombisa ukugxilisa ushukela ebangeni le-13 kuye kwele-20 mmol / L. I-acetone iyatholakala emchameni;
- hypoglycemic. Ikhula ngedakamizwa ethe ukwehlisa ushukela, ukusebenza ngokomzimba ngokweqile, njll. Izinga likashukela likhuphukela ku-10-20 mmol / L.
Kunoma yikuphi, i-coma ibanga ingozi enkulu yezempilo futhi isongela impilo yesiguli. Imiphumela ingaba:
- i-pathology yesibindi;
- ukulimala ohlelweni lwezinso;
- ukuphazamiseka emsebenzini womsipha wenhliziyo;
- ukulimala kwamangqamuzana obuchopho.
Okufanele ukwenze
Uma umuntu egula kungazelelwe, into yokuqala okufanele yenziwe ukukala izinga le-glycemia nge-glucometer.
Uma kungekho divayisi enjalo ekhaya, ke kungcono ukubiza i-ambulensi. Uma idivaysi ikhombisa ukuphambuka okuncane kokujwayelekile, ushukela ungalungiswa ngokuzimela, ngokujova i-insulin, noma ngokudla okuthile okumnandi.
Udinga ukuqonda ukuthi ungalunikeza kanjani usizo lokuqala, yiziphi izidakamizwa ezitholakalayo ukuze uthuthuke, nokuthi ngabe ezinye izindlela zisiza ukunciphisa ukuhlaselwa yisifo sikashukela.
Usizo lokuqala
Ukunikeza usizo lokuqala lokuthathwa kwe-hypoglycemic, udinga ukwenza lezi zinto ezilandelayo:
- nikeza isiguli ukuthi siphuze amanzi noshukela. Itiye elimnandi, ujusi olunokuqukethwe okushukela okuningi luzokwenza. Ukudla kwe-carbohydrate akufanele kunikezwe ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa: kulesi simo, umuntu angeke akwazi ukukuhlafuna;
- gcoba izinsini nge-pascose ekhethekile yokunamathisela;
- uma isiguli sigula, kufanele asizwe ukuba alale eceleni kwakhe. Uma ukuhlanza sekuqalile, kuyadingeka ukuhlanza umlomo wokuhlanza wesisulu;
- uma kukhishwa inyumbazana kubhekwe, kumele kuthathwe ukunakekelwa ukuthi isiguli singalulimi. Kunconywa ukufaka isipuni noma ukunamathela phakathi kwamazinyo.
Ukumisa ukuhlaselwa kwe-hyperglycemic, kuthathelwa izinyathelo ezilandelayo:
- uma ukucindezelwa kwe-glucose kungaphezu kwe-14 mmol / l, kuyasiza ukuphatha ngokushesha i-insulin (cishe amayunithi amabili). Imithamo emikhulu ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa. Umjovo olandelayo akufanele wenziwe ngaphambi kwamahora ambalwa ngemuva komjovo wokuqala;
- gcwalisa umzimba ngamavithamini, ama-carbohydrate namaprotheni. Lezi zinto zivuselela ibhalansi ye-acid-base. Isixazululo seSoda nosizo lwamanzi amaminerali.
Uma ngemuva kwezinyathelo ezithathiwe umuntu akazizwa engcono, kunesidingo esiphuthumayo sokubizwa ngokuphuthumayo.
Ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa
Ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa kufanele kwenziwe ngokuya ngohlobo olusunguliwe lwesifo sikashukela.Kubalulekile ukuthi iziguli ezinokuxilongwa okufanayo zifane nemithi efanele nazo.
Lokhu kuzosiza ukususa ngokushesha ukuhlaselwa. Nge-hyperglycemia, kusetshenziswa i-insulin, esehlisa ushukela ngokushesha. Isibonelo, i-Biogulin, i-Diarapid, i-Actrapid, i-Insuman noma i-Humulin.
Ukwelapha ukuhlaselwa kwe-hypoglycemic, i-Glucagon iphathwa ngaphakathi. Ukuvimbela ukubanjwa ushukela ophezulu noma ophansi ukuthi ungaphindi, udinga ukulungisa umthamo we-hypoglycemic esetshenzisiwe bese ucabanga kabusha ngokudla kwakho. Ungadinga ukukhetha esinye isidakamizwa.
Amakhambi esintu
Ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela i-mellitus sohlobo olungaxhomekeli ku-insulin nokuvinjezelwa kokuhlaselwa kwalesi sifo, kusetshenziswa ezinye izindlela. Imiphumela emihle inikezwa yi-nettle kanye nezimali ezisuselwa kukho. Lesi sitshalo sinciphisa ushukela, sithuthukisa i-microflora yamathumbu, senze ukugayeka okujwayelekile, futhi sithuthukise ukusebenza kwesibindi nohlelo lokuphefumula.
Okulandelayo izindlela zokupheka ezisebenzayo:
- ezingxenyeni ezilinganayo hlanganisa amaqabunga aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, izimbabazane, i-lingonberry ne-galegi. Thatha izipuni ezimbili zokubumba bese uthela amalitha ayi-0,5 wamanzi abilayo. Thatha inkomishi ka-2/3 kathathu ngosuku;
- i-nettle, i-clover, i-celandine ne-yarrow ithatha isilinganiso 4: 2: 1: 3. Thela isipuni sama-200 ml wamanzi abilayo. Phuza ingilazi yesithathu kathathu ngosuku.
Amavidiyo ahlobene
Izimpawu nemiphumela ye-hyperglycemia ne-hypoglycemia ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela:
Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukukwazi ukubona ukuhlaselwa kwesifo sikashukela ekuqaleni. Kubonakaliswa ngezimpawu zobuntu, ubulukhuni bawo obukhuphuka ngokuncipha noma ukwanda kokuhlushwa koshukela ku-plasma. Ngokuthathwa kwe-hypo-, hyperglycemic, udinga ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha ukuvikela ukuthuthuka komthambo.
