Lapho sikhona sikashukela i-mellitus ngenxa yokukhiqizwa okunganele kwe-pancreas hormone ngumzimba wakho, udinga ukuthola okunye esikhundleni salokho.
Kulokhu, kusetshenziswa i-insulin, ukwakheka kwayo okusondele kakhulu emuntwini. Enye yalezi nguHumulin.
Luyinto eyenziwe ngamakhemikhali enziwe ngezinto eziphilayo enzela umzimba womuntu. Njengomthetho, odokotela banquma lo muthi ezigulini ezinalesi sifo se-endocrine.
Kuyadingeka ukugcina izinga elijwayelekile likashukela ku-serum yegazi. Lesi sidakamizwa sinezinhlobo eziningana ezihlukile esikhathini sokusebenza.
I-Humulin, izindleko zayo ezitholakala kuwo wonke umuntu, zilungele ukuqina kokuqala kwesimo sesiguli se-endocrinologist. Ubuye futhi anikezwe ukwelashwa kwabesifazane abaphethe ingane ebaphethwe yisifo sikashukela. Funda kabanzi ngalo muthi kule ndatshana.
Khipha ifomu
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi i-insulin biosynthetic insulin isebenza njengento esebenzayo emuthini. Umuthi ukhishwa ngendlela yokumiswa komjovo kanye nesisombululo esikhethekile semijovo. Lezi zinhlobo zingaba ngamabili kumabhange, nakumabhodlela.
Insulin Humulin N
Umkhiqizi
Okokuqala udinga ukuthola ukuthi ngubani oboniswa i-insulin? Ukwelapha abantu abanazo zombili izinhlobo zesifo sikashukela ngeke kuqedwe ngaphandle kwe-insulin analogue yabantu. Kuyadingeka ukuze kulondolozwe ukugcwala koshukela egazini ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo ejwayelekile.
Kusetshenziswa esinye isidakamizwa ukwenza ngcono isimo jikelele sesiguli esinalesi sifo. Ngokuqondene namazwe akhiqiza, kuvame ukuba amathathu noma amane awo. Njengoba kunezinhlobo eziningi zalo muthi, ngamunye wabo ukhiqizwa emazweni ehlukene.
Okwamanje, izinhlobo ezilandelayo zesidakamizwa okukhulunywa ngaso zivezwa emakhemisi:
- I-Humulin NPH (USA, France);
- Humulin MZ (France);
- UHumulin L (USA);
- I-Humulin Regular (France);
- I-Humulin M2 20/80 (USA).
Wonke amalungiselelo angenhla we-insulin (i-pancreatic hormone) anethonya elinamandla le-hypoglycemic (hypoglycemic). Umuthi wakheka ngesisekelo se-insulin yofuzo lomuntu.
Isenzo esikhulu seHumulin ukwehlisa izinga le-glucose ku-serum yegazi. Ngakho-ke, umuthi uhlinzeka ukuthathwa ushukela okusebenzayo ngezakhi zezicubu futhi kufaka phakathi izinqubo ze-metabolic ezenzeka kumaseli womzimba.
Ngokuya ngendlela yokulungiselela kanye nenqubo yokucubungula, i-insulin ngayinye inezici zayo ezihlukile, nakho kubhekwe lapho kuqokwa ukwelashwa okukhethekile. Ngaphezu kwengxenye eyisebenzayo (i-insulin, elinganiswa kumayunithi aphesheya - ME), zonke izidakamizwa zibandakanya amakhompiyutha angeziwe wemvelaphi yokufakelwa.
Njengomthetho, izithako ezinjenge-protamine sulfate, phenol, zinc chloride, glycerin, metacresol, sodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid, amanzi wokujova nabanye zingafakwa ohlotsheni ngalunye lweHumulin.
Lesi sidakamizwa sisiza ukufeza umphumela omuhle kusuka kwezokwelapha. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi iyakwazi ukwenza ukuntuleka okuphelele noma okuyingxenye kwethonya le-insulin ye-hormone.
Imvamisa ukuqokwa kwe-insulin ebizwa ngeHumulin kuthatha isikhathi eside. Isikhathi eside kangako kunqunywa phambi kohlobo 1 lwesifo sikashukela.
Kwezinye izimo (ngezifo ezihlangana zenzeka ngendlela ebushelelezi noma engalapheki, kanye nokuwohloka kwesimo sesifo sikashukela ngokugula kohlobo lwesibili), kuyanconywa ukusebenzisa inkambo yokwelashwa kwezikhathi ezahlukahlukene.
Ungakhohlwa ukuthi isifo sikashukela sidinga ukuqokwa kwehomoni yokufakelwa yamanyikwe.
Kungakho ukwenqatshwa kungaholela emiphumeleni engenakuphikwa yempilo yabantu.
Njengamanje, osebenza kakhulu kuleli cala kunezinhlobo zezidakamizwa ezinjengeHumulin Regular neHumulin NPH.
Ukupakisha
Ngokuya ngezinhlobonhlobo, umuthi i-Humulin ungathengwa ngale ndlela:
- NPH. Kutholakala njengokumiswa kokuphathwa kwe-subcutaneous, 100 IU / ml. Ifakwe emabhodleleni ayi-10 ml engilazini engathathi hlangothi. Ngayinye yazo igcwele ebhokisini lekhadibhodi. Le ndlela yokwelapha ibuye ifakwe emabhokisini ama-3 ml engilazi efanayo. Ezinhlanu zalezi zibekwe emqubeni. Ngayinye yazo igcwele emaphaketheni akhethekile;
- MH. Itholakala ngalezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo zokukhishwa: ukumiswa komjovo (3 ml) kuma-cartridges akhethekile, ukumiswa (10 ml) ezikweni, isisombululo somjovo (3 ml) kuma-cartridge, isixazululo (10 ml) ku-vials;
- L. Ukumiswa komjovo i-40 IU / ml noma i-100 IU / ml ebhodleleni eli-10 ml, efakwe kwiphakethe lamakhadibhodi;
- Njalo. Ngokufana naleyo eyedlule, kukhiqizwa kumthamo, 1 ml oqukethe ama-PIECES angama-40 noma ama-PIECES ayi-100;
- M2 20/80. Ukumiswa komjovo kuqukethe cishe i-40 noma 100 IU / ml ephinda i-insulin yabantu. Umuthi uyatholakala emabhodleleni nakuma-cartridge.
Izindleko
Ngokuqondene nezindleko, ngayinye yezinhlobo ezibhekwa njengomuthi inentengo yazo.
Uma ngemininingwane eminingi, khona-ke uhlu lwamanani weHumulin limi ngokulandelayo:
- NPH - ngokuya ngomthamo, inani elijwayelekile lingama-ruble angama-200;
- MH - izindleko ezilinganiswayo ziyahlukahluka kusuka kuma-ruble angama-300 kuya kwangama-600;
- L - ngaphakathi kwama-ruble angama-400;
- Njalo - kuze kufike kuma-ruble angama-200;
- M2 20/80 - kusuka kuma-ruble ayi-170.
Indlela yokusebenzisa
IHumulin ivame ukuphathwa ngendlela yokuthi idlule ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla. Imvamisa inikezwa imijovo ye-intravenous noma ye-subcutaneous.
Ngokwemithetho ekhona, isiguli se-endocrinologist kumele senze izifundo ezithile eziyisibonelo, ngokwesibonelo, “esikoleni sikashukela”.
Ingakanani yalesi sidakamizwa edingeka ngosuku, udokotela oholayo kuphela okufanele anqume. Umthamo okhethiwe ungahluka ngokuya ngemodi yokusebenza komzimba nokondleka. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi isiguli se-endocrinologist ngasikhathi sinye silawule izinga le-glycemia.
Odokotela bathi uHumulin angasetshenziswa noma yizingane. Vele, uma i-glycemia ilawulwa ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa. Abantu asebekhulile badinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela ukusebenza kwezitho zohlelo lwe-excretory. Njengomthetho, ezigulini ezinjalo, odokotela banikezwa imithamo ephansi.
Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, le mithi nayo ingasetshenziswa. Izidakamizwa eziningi ezisuselwa ku-insulin, ezifanayo nomuntu, zivunyelwe ukusetshenziselwa ukuncelisa ibele.
Imiphumela emibi
I-Humulin yezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene inemiphumela emibi efanayo, ebhalwe kwimiyalo yayo.
Okubi kakhulu ukuthi esikhundleni se-insulin yomuntu kungaholela ku-lipodystrophy (endaweni lapho kwenziwa khona umjovo).
Ngisho nasezigulini ezine-endocrinologists, ngokumelene nesizinda sokusebenzisa leli thuluzi, ukumelana ne-insulin, i-allergies, ukwehla kwe-potassium egazini, kanye nokukhubazeka okubukwayo kuyaphawulwa.
Ukuphendula kwe-allergic kungadalwa hhayi yi-hormone yamanyikwe.
Contraindication
Umuthi okukhulunywa ngawo unqunyelwe i-mellitus encike ku-insulin nokungathembeki kwe-insulin.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma i-hypoglycemia ibonwa (ushukela wegazi ophansi).
Omunye umuthi wenqatshelwe ukusebenzisa lapho kukhona ukungabekezelelani komuntu ngamunye (ngoba kungavela ukuvela kokungafaneleki komzimba). Ochwepheshe bayakwenqabela ukusetshenziswa kotshwala ngesikhathi sokwelapha ngalolu hlobo lwe-insulin. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kwenzeka izinguquko ezilula kakhulu emazingeni kashukela.
Amavidiyo ahlobene
Mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa uHumalog, Novorapid, Lantus, Humulin R, Insuman-Rapid ne-Actrapid-MS wohlobo 1 sikashukela:
Lo mbhalo uhlola amahomoni wamanyikwe emvelaphi yokufakelwa, efana ncamashi ne-insulin yabantu - uHumulin. Kufanele kuthathwe kuphela uma kunqunywe ngudokotela ngesisekelo senhlolovo.
Ukusetshenziswa okuzimele kwalesi sidakamizwa akufakiwe ngokuphelele, ngoba ukusabela okungafuneki komzimba kungabhekwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sidakamizwa asisakazwa emakhemisi ngaphandle kokuthola udokotela ovela ekwelashweni komuntu siqu.
