Ushukela wegazi ojwayelekile

Umuntu ngamunye kufanele aqaphe izinga likashukela wegazi, kungakhathalekile ukuthi utholile ukuthi unesifo sikashukela noma cha. Lesi sifo singakhula iminyaka eminingana ngaphandle kokuziveza nganoma iyiphi indlela, futhi ngemuva “kokushaya” umzimba ukuze kube nzima kakhulu ukusibuyisela. Isibonakaliso esiyinhloko sikashukela ukukhuphuka kweglue glucose ekuseni. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukuthi wonke umuntu, ngaphandle kokukhetha, abe ne-glucometer ekhaya ukuze enze ukuhlolwa kwegazi njalo ekhaya. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi uyini umkhuba wokuzila ushukela wegazi ukuze uphendule ngesikhathi esifanele ekuphambukeni.

Imininingwane ejwayelekile

Ngokwezibalo zomhlaba, kule minyaka engama-20 edlule, abantu baqala ukusebenzisa cishe ushukela izikhathi eziphindwe kathathu, ama-carbohydrate namafutha aphelele, okuthinta kabi isimo sabo sempilo. Okokuqala, izinqubo ze-metabolic kanye nama-pancreas, abamba iqhaza ekuqhekekeni kanye nokufakwa kweglucose emzimbeni, kuhlushwa yilokhu. Ngokuphikisana nalesi sizinda, isifo sikashukela siqala ukukhula.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma ngokoqobo eminyakeni eyi-10 eyedlule, isifo sikashukela sasibhekwa njengesifo sasebegugile, namuhla isibalo esikhulu sezingane nabantu abasha sihlushwa yiwo, okubangelwa ukuba khona kwemikhuba emibi yokudla eye yathuthukiswa kusukela ebuntwaneni. Lokhu ukusetshenziswa kokudla okusheshayo, iziphuzo ezinamakhabhoni, ushokoledi, amatheku, ukudla okuthosiwe, njll.

Isimo kanye nomthelela wezemvelo kuyanda, ukuba khona kwemikhuba efana nokubhema nokuphuza utshwala, izingcindezi ezivame kakhulu, indlela yokuphila yokuhlala, njll. Ngokunikwa konke lokhu, ososayensi bafika esiphethweni sokuthi akekho umuntu ophephile kwisifo sikashukela. Kungakhula kuwo wonke umuntu futhi nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, ngaphandle kwezici zofuzo.

Kungani kufanele uqaphe ushukela wakho wegazi?

Ukuqonda ukuthi kungani udinga ukubheka njalo izinga le-glucose egazini, udinga ukusho amagama ambalwa ngokubaluleka kwalo emzimbeni. IGlucose ushukela ofanayo ongena emzimbeni womuntu ngokudla. Unguhlobo lwayo lwamandla. Kepha ukuze uthole amandla ushukela, umzimba udinga “ukuwuqhekeza” ezintweni eziningana ukuze umunce kangcono. Zonke lezi zinqubo zenzeka ngaphansi kwethonya le-insulin.

Le hormone ikhiqizwa ama-pancreas futhi ayinikezi kuphela ukuqhekeka kwe-glucose, kodwa futhi nokungena kwayo kumaseli nezicubu zomzimba. Ngakho-ke, athola amandla adingekayo ekusebenzeni kwawo okujwayelekile. Lapho i-insulin synthesis incipha, lezi zinqubo zehla futhi umzimba uqala ukuzwa ukushoda kwamandla. Futhi ushukela ongazange uphulwe uzinze egazini ngesimo sama-microcrystals.

Izinqubo egazini ezinamazinga aphezulu kashukela

Lapho izinga loshukela egazini lifinyelela imikhawulo yalo ephezulu, izimpawu zokuqala zesifo sikashukela zenzeka, phakathi kwazo okulandelayo:

• umlomo owomile
• ukoma okungagculisi;
• ukukhuphuka kokukhathazeka;
• izinhlungu ezihlangene
• ikhanda
• ukwanda kwengcindezi yegazi;
• ukuphefumula
• ukushaya kwenhliziyo, njll.

Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ushukela wegazi ophezulu uvusa izinguquko eziningi emzimbeni ezithinta kabi isimo sempilo esijwayelekile. Okokuqala, kukhona ukwephulwa kwe-lipid metabolism, okwesibili, ithoni yezindonga ze-vascular iyancishiswa, okwesithathu, izinqubo zokuvuselelwa kwezicubu ezonakele ziyancipha.

Ngenxa yalokhu, umuntu uhlala ezizwa elambile, kuvela amanxeba emzimbeni ongapholi isikhathi eside, kubonakale ubuthakathaka nokungahambi kahle. Ngokuphikisana nesizinda sazo zonke lezi zinqubo, amathuba okuthola umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ukufakwa kwe-myocardial, unhlangothi, i-gangrene nezinye izifo eziningi ezimbi ngokulinganayo kukhula kakhulu.

Futhi ukugwema lokhu, kuyadingeka ukuthola ngesikhathi ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela bese uqala ukwelashwa kwayo. Futhi ukwenza lokhu kungenzeka kuphela uma ubhekisisa ushukela wegazi njalo, ngisho nempilo egculisayo.

Yiziphi izinkambiso nokuphambuka?

Lapho udlulisa izivivinyo emtholampilo noma uzenza ekhaya usebenzisa i-glucometer, kudingeka wazi ukuthi ayini ngempela amazinga kashukela wegazi, ukuze kuthi uma enyuka noma ehla, uphendule kule nkinga ngesikhathi esifanele.

I-World Health Organisation (WHO) isisungule isikhathi eside ukuthi ushukela wegazi lomuntu kufanele abe uvamile kangakanani, kuya ngeminyaka yakhe. Lokhu kuchazwe ngemininingwane ethebuleni.

Amanani kashukela egazini ngesigaba sobudala

Kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi imiphumela yokugcina ezotholwa ngemuva kokunikelwa kwegazi (ingathathwa ethanjeni noma emunweni) ithonywa yizinto eziningana - inani likashukela elichithwa ngosuku olwandulela ukudla, ukucindezela nokubhema.

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi amazinga okushukela egazi okusheshayo ngokuvamile ahlala ephansi kunangemva kokudla ukudla. Uma umuntu edla ibhulakufesi, khona-ke, ukuze athole imiphumela efanele, kufanele ahlaziye amahora angama-2 2-3 ngemuva kokudla ukudla. Ngalesi sikhathi, ushukela, ongene emzimbeni ngokudla, unesikhathi sokudlulela kwinqubo ephelele yokuqhekeka kanye nokuthamba.

Uma, ngokwemiphumela yocwaningo, kwavela ukuthi izinga loshukela wegazi lisondele emazingeni aphansi noma linciphile ngaphezu kwabo, khona-ke lokhu kubonisa ukukhula kwe-hypoglycemia, nakho okungeyona ingozi kangako empilweni kune-hyperglycemia (ukukhuphuka koshukela egazini). Ukushintshashintsha koshukela kuye ngezinga elithile noma kwelinye kukhombisa ukuthi izinqubo ezingenakuphikiswa seziqale emzimbeni ezidinga ukunakekelwa. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kungavela izinkinga ezinkulu.

Kufanele futhi kuqashelwe ukuthi izinga likashukela egazini le-venous lihlala liphakeme kakhulu kunasegazini le-capillary (isilinganiselo segazi elivela emithanjeni yesisu esingenalutho ngu-3.5-6.1 mmol / l, kusuka emunweni - 3.5-5.5 mmol / l). Ngakho-ke, ukuthola ukuxilongwa okuyiqiniso, kuzodingeka ukuthi uvivinye kaninginingi.

Abantu abaphilile badinga ukuthatha izivivinyo zikashukela egazini okungenani kanye ezinyangeni ezi-6

Kubantu abaphilile ngokuphelele, ukwanda ushukela ongaphezu kuka-6.1 mmol / l akwenzeki ngisho nangemva kokudla. Kodwa-ke, uma lezi zinkomba zidlulisiwe, ungesabi. Udinga ukuvakashela udokotela, uthintane naye bese uphinda uhlaziya futhi. Kungenzeka ukuthi ucindezelekile noma udliwe kakhulu ukudla okumnandi kakhulu noma okunesitashi. Imvamisa, lapho kwenziwa kabusha isifo emzimbeni, uma kungenasifo sikashukela, izinkomba ziba phansi.

Ngakho-ke, ungalokothi ufike esiphethweni sokuqala ngenxa yohlolo lwegazi olulodwa. Ukuthola imininingwane eminingi mayelana nesimo somzimba wakho, kunconyelwa ukwenza uhlolo njalo emahoreni angama-2-3 izinsuku eziningana usebenzisa i-glucometer futhi urekhode zonke izinkomba kudayari.

Ngokwejwayelekile

Kuleso simo, uma kunenkambiso yokwandisa izinkomba (ebangeni le-5.4-6.2 mmol / l), lapho-ke sesingavele sikhulume ngokuthuthukiswa kwesimo esinjenge-prediabetes, lapho kubekezelelwa khona ukubekezelela i-glucose. Ezimweni ezifanayo lapho amazinga kashukela egazini ngokuqinile agcina phakathi kuka-6.2-7 mmol / l noma ngaphezulu, singakhuluma ngokuphepha ngokuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela. Kepha ukwenza ukuxilongwa okunembile, kuzodingeka uphinde wenze okunye ukuhlolwa - i-glycated hemoglobin.

Lokhu kumele kwenziwe, njengoba izinga likashukela legazi eliphakeme lingakhuphuka kakhulu futhi liholele esimweni esinjenge-hyperglycemic coma. Uma kungekho zinyathelo ezithathwayo ngesikhathi sokuqala kwaso, khona-ke konke kungaphelela ekufeni.

Izimpawu zokwanda okubukhali koshukela wegazi

Ngezansi okujwayelekile

Uma imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwegazi kukhombisa ukuthi izinga le-glucose egazini liwe ngaphansi kokujwayelekile, okufanayo kukhombisa ukukhula kwe-hypoglycemia. Kunezizathu eziningi zokunciphisa ushukela wegazi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izici zomzimba womzimba noma ama-pathologies ahlukahlukene.

Ushukela wegazi ovumelekile kubantu besifazane

Njengomthetho, i-hypoglycemia ibonwa kwabanesifo sikashukela nokusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa ezinciphisa ushukela. Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukuthi uhlolwe ngokuphelele ukuze kuhlolwe ukuthi ukwelashwa okutholwe yisiguli kusebenza kangakanani nokuthi kunxephezelwe ukunxephezelwa yisifo sikashukela.

Futhi njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, i-hypoglycemia iyingozi empilweni njenge-hyperglycemia. Kungaphinde kuholele ekuqaleni kwesimo esifana ne-hypoglycemic coma, esidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Imikhuba yabesifazane

Kwabesifazane, izinga likashukela wegazi lihlukile kancane ezinkombeni ze-glucose emadodeni, ngenxa yezimpawu zomzimba womuntu wesifazane. Izinga likashukela wegazi kubo lingahluka njalo, futhi ukukhuphuka kwalo akuvezi njalo ukuthuthukiswa kwe-pathology. Isibonelo, akunconywa ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini, ngoba izinkomba zingathembeki (njengomthetho, kule nkathi kwabesifazane ushukela wegazi ungaphansi kokujwayelekile, kungakhathalekile ukuthi ngabe ukuhlaziya kwenziwa - esiswini esingenalutho noma ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa ngemuva kokudla ukudla).

Ngemuva kweminyaka engama-50, ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kwama-hormone nokuphazamiseka kokudla emzimbeni we-carbohydrate metabolic kwenzeka emzimbeni wowesifazane, okubangelwa ukuqala kokuya esikhathini. Ngakho-ke, kule minyaka, amazinga kashukela wegazi angadlula kancane amanani ajwayelekile, kepha angadluleli ngaphezu kokujwayelekile (akukho ngaphezu kwe-6.1 mmol / l).

Amazinga kashukela egazini kwabesifazane ngezigaba zeminyaka

Kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-hormonal kuyenzeka emzimbeni futhi ukugcwala kwe-glucose esegazini kungaphansi kakhulu kunokujwayelekile. Kukholakala ukuthi izinkomba ezingeqi ku-6.3 mmol / l zithathwa njengento evunyelwe kwabesifazane abakhulelwe. Uma owesifazane enza ukuhlaziya ekuseni esiswini esingenalutho futhi ngasikhathi sinye esanda ushukela wegazi ukuya ku-7 mmol / l noma ngaphezulu, khona-ke kuyodingeka ukuthi ahlolwe ukuze athole isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa.

Imvamisa emadodeni

Emadodeni, amazinga kashukela wegazi azinzile kakhulu. Njengomthetho, banakho cishe ngo-3.3-5.6 mmol / L. Uma indoda izizwa kahle, ayinayo i-pathologies kanye nethuba lokuthola isifo sikashukela, khona-ke izinga le-glucose egazini akufanele lidlule noma lehlise lezi zindinganiso.

Izimpawu zokuqala zokwandisa ushukela wegazi

Noma umuntu engahloli igazi njalo, angakwazi ukwanda ushukela wegazi ngezimpawu zomuntu. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• ukukhathala;
• umuzwa ongapheli wobuthakathaka;
• ukukhulisa / ukuncipha kokudla;
• ukukhuphuka / ukwehla kwesisindo somzimba;
• umlomo owomile
• ukoma
• ukuchama njalo;
• ukukhuphuka kwenani lomchamo okhishwa ngosuku;
• ukubonakala kwama-pustule kanye nezilonda esikhunjeni, ezipholisa isikhathi eside kakhulu;
• ukubonakala kokumiswa ku-groin noma ku-genitalia yangaphandle;
• imikhuhlane ejwayelekile, okubangelwa ukwehla kwezinga lomzimba lokuzivikela;
• ukusabela okwenziwa njalo;
• ukungaboni kahle

Ungakudlulisa kanjani ukuhlaziya?

Ukuthola idatha ethembekile ezingeni le-glucose esegazini, kudingeka wazi ukuthi ungaluvivinya kanjani ngendlela efanele. Kunconywa ukukwenza esiswini esingenalutho, ngaphandle kokuxubha amazinyo akho hhayi ukuchitha amanzi. Ngemuva kwalokho ukuhlaziya kabusha kufanele kwenziwe amahora ama-2-3 ngemuva kokudla kwasekuseni. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuthi uhlole ukuthi umzimba ubhekana kangakanani nokuqhekeka kanye nokumuncwa kweglucose.

Amaswidi akufanele adliwe ngaphambi kokuphasa isivivinyo, ngoba lokhu kungadala imiphumela engalungile.

Yonke imiphumela kumele iqoshwe kwidayari. Uma ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa zokubhekwa kukhona ukweqa okuncane kushukela wegazi endaweni ethile noma kwenye, khona-ke lokhu kuvamile. Uma ukukhuphuka noma ukuncipha kwezinga le-glucose egazini kugcinwa kuyo yonke inkathi yokubuka, udinga ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha.

Yini okufanele uyenze uma kukhona ukuphambuka kokujwayelekile?

Esimweni lapho kuke kwatholakala khona ukuphambuka kwenqanaba likashukela wegazi kusuka kokujwayelekile endaweni ethile noma kwenye, kufanele uye kudokotela ngokushesha. Kwenqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukuthatha ngokuzimela noma yiziphi izinyathelo futhi ngisho nangaphezulu ukuthatha izidakamizwa ezahlukahlukene. Konke lokhu kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi.

Njengomthetho, lapho uthola i-hypoglycemia, kunconywa ukudla imikhiqizo eminingi yokudla equkethe ama-carbohydrate angagaya kalula. Uma umuntu enezimpawu zokuwohloka kwe-hypoglycemic, kufanele anikezwe ucezu ushukela futhi aphuze itiye elimnandi. Lokhu kuzosiza ukukhuphula kancane ushukela wegazi ngaphambi kokuba kufike i-ambulensi futhi ugweme imiphumela edabukisayo.

Ngoshukela wegazi owengeziwe noma oncishisiwe, kunconywa ukubonana nodokotela ngokushesha, ngoba ukuphela kwakhe angayala indlela yokwelashwa ezoxazulula inkinga ngokushesha futhi igweme ezinye izinkinga zempilo ngokumelene nayo

Futhi uma i-hyperglycemia itholwa, khona-ke ukudla okuqukethe kalula ama-carbohydrate angagayeki akufanele kudliwe ngokwezigaba. Kulokhu, udinga ukunamathela ekudleni okuphansi kwe-carb futhi udle izidakamizwa ezinciphisa ushukela. Babelwe ngokuqinile ngamunye!

Ukuze uzinzise ushukela wakho wegazi ngesikhathi se-hyperglycemia, udokotela wakho angakunikeza imijovo ye-insulin. Zinqunywa kaningi ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo olu-1 futhi sisetshenziswa ngokuqinile ngokohlelo. Ngokuya ngokuthi hlobo luni lwe-insulin olwalunqunyelwe (isenzo esifushane, esiphakathi noma esijwayelekile), umjovo ungenziwa izikhathi ezingama-1-4 ngosuku.

Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, ukuqapha ushukela wegazi lakho kubaluleke kakhulu. Yize kunjalo, i-mellitus yesifo sikashukela iyisifo esinjalo esingaqhamukela singanakwa bese kuba yinto engenzeka ukuthi ingasisiza.