Isifo sikashukela emakati

Isifo sikashukela i-mellitus singenzeka kubantu kuphela, kodwa nasezilwaneni, ngokwesibonelo, amakati. Lesi yisifo se-endocrine pancreatic apparatus, esivezwa ngamanani aphezulu kashukela egazini kanye nokwephulwa kwazo zonke izinqubo ze-metabolic (ngokuyinhloko i-carbohydrate metabolism). Lesi sifo sibonisa u-0,25% wabo bonke abamele umndeni wekati.

Okwamanje, umbuzo wokuthi "isifo esimnandi" sezilwane uthathwa njengento efanelekile yini, ngoba minyaka yonke izinga lesibalo liyanda. Lo mbhalo udingida isifo sikashukela emakati, kungani kunesifo, indlela esiveza ngayo, nokuthi yini abanikazi bezilwane ezifuywayo ezine okufanele bazenze ukusiza izilwane zabo ezifuywayo.

Izisekelo Zokuhlukaniswa Kwezifo

Ososayensi nodokotela bezilwane bebelokhu bexabana isikhathi eside mayelana nokuhlukaniswa kwesifo sikashukela ezilwaneni. Leyo ephakanyisiwe ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-80 yekhulu lama-20 kuyafana nokuhlukaniswa kwesifo sikashukela esintathu.

• Uhlobo 1 - i-pathology eyenzeka esemncane, okuvusa ukwehla kwesisindo somzimba kanye nokuvela kwesimo se-ketoacidotic. Uhlobo lwesifo sidinga ukwethulwa kwe-hormone insulin emzimbeni.
• Uhlobo 2 - lubonakala ngokushoda kwe-insulin encane, kanye nokwephulwa kwesenzo sayo emzimbeni wesiguli. Ukukhuluphala kugcwele ngesiguli; i-ketoacidosis imvamisa ingekho.
• Uhlobo 3 - lubonakala ngendlela efanayo yesifo sikashukela esisebantwini. Iningi lososayensi libiza i-pathology njengefomu lesibili. Kwenzeka ngokumelene ingemuva lokwelashwa ngemithi ethile noma ngokuvela kwezifo ezithile.

I-feline pancreas inendawo efanayo ne-gland yomuntu - ngemuva kwesisu

Ezinye izazi zesimanje zikholelwa ukuthi ukwahlukaniswa okunjalo akunakuyichaza ngokuphelele inkambo yezokwelapha kanye nokwenziwa kwesifo sikashukela emakati. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imvamisa umehluko phakathi kwezinhlobo ezimbili zokuqala zalesi sifo uyacishwa, ngoba izigaba zokuqala zesifo azivamile ukukuvumela ukuthi unqume i-pathogenesis yeqiniso yalesi simo.

Ukwehlukaniswa kwalesi sifo kuzinhlobo emkhakheni wezilwane:

• Uhlobo lwe-A - lwenzeka ezilwaneni ezisencane, luhambisana nenani elikhulu likashukela egazini, inani elincane le-insulin noma ukungabikho kwalo, ukuba khona kweshukela emchameni, ukuhlaselwa kwe-ketoacidosis, ukunciphisa umzimba ngokweqile.
• Uhlobo lwe-B-luvela kaningi emakati nasemakati amadala, ushukela uyaphakanyiswa, kepha unezinombolo eziphansi kunalezifohlobo lwe-A uhlobo. Izidumbu zeKetone ezisegazini azivami, ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin ngamaseli we-pancreas kuyancishiswa, kepha kugcinwe.
• Uhlobo lwe-C luhlobo oluxubile. Kwenzeka emakati nasezinjeni ezindala, kubonakaliswa inani eliphakeme le-glycemia, inani elincane le-insulin egazini, ukuba khona kweshukela emchameni, ukuhlaselwa okungajwayelekile kepha okungenzeka kwe-ketoacidosis.
• I-D-hlobo - ebizwa nangokuthi i-glucose engabekezeleleki, okungukuthi, i-insulin, kodwa amaseli nezicubu zesilwane kulahlekelwa umuzwa wazo kuyo. Kwenzeka kuma-tetrapods amadala, athambekele ekukhuluphiseni. Ushukela emizimbeni yomchamo ne-ketone esegazini ayiveli.

Iningi labadokotela bezilwane libheka lokhu kuhlukaniswa kunokuba yinkimbinkimbi, ngenxa yalokho banamathela eqinisweni lokuthi isifo sikashukela sehlukaniswe uhlobo 1, uhlobo lwe-2 nefomu lesibili.

Izimbangela kanye nendlela yokukhula kwalesi sifo

Zonke izinhlobo zesimo se-pathological ziyahlukahluka ezicini zabo ze-pathogenesis nasezifundweni zokuxwaya.

Uhlobo oluncike ku-insulin

Le ndlela yalesi sifo yenzeka ngokumelene nesizinda sokubhujiswa nokufa kwamangqamuzana e-pancreatic, abhekele ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin ye-hormone esebenzayo. I-hormone ibalulekile emzimbeni wesilwane ukuhambisa ama-molecule we-glucose ngaphakathi kwamaseli ukuze unikeze owokugcina izinsiza zamandla.

Enye yezindawo ezise-pathogenesis yesifo sikashukela inikezwe ithuba lokuthola ifa, kepha lo mbono nawo awuqondakali ngokuphelele. Ososayensi baphakamisa ukuthi ukuba khona kwesifo kwesinye sezihlobo kukhulisa ubungozi bokukhula kwezifo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha zokuqala zokuphila kwezilwane.

I-viral hepatitis, lapho ulwelwesi lwama-mucous luba ophuzi, kubhekwa njengesinye sezici ezibangela "isifo esimnandi"

Phakathi kokutheleleka ngegciwane okungadala ukonakala kwezinsiza kusebenza ezifakwayo, inhlupho nokulimala kwesibindi (i-hepatitis) yemvelaphi yegciwane kuhlukaniswa.

Uhlobo olungasebenzisi i-insulin

Isizathu sokuqala sokuqalwa kwesifo saleli fomu ifa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunombono wokuthi abazali abane-pathology bangavusa ukuvela kohlobo lwesifo esincike e-insulin kuzo zonke izingane zabo (bobabili ubulili).

Uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela olungathembisi i-insulin lukhonjiswa ngeqiniso lokuthi izicubu zilahlekelwa umuzwa wazo esenzweni se-insulin ye-hormone. Ekuphenduleni, i-pancreatic insularapular enempilo yokugaya insimbi isebenza ngendlela evumayo ukukhiqizwa kwe-hormone okuvuselela ngokwengeziwe. Inqubo enjalo ikhulisa kuphela ukumelana ne-insulin, futhi lokhu, kuvusa ukubukeka kwesithombe esibonakalayo salesi sifo.

Ukumelana ne-insulin kwenzeka ngenxa yalezi zizathu ezilandelayo:

• ukuba khona kwe-pathology evela kumaseli wemishini yokusebenza kwemisipha;
• ukuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic;
• ukukhuluphala

Ifomu lesibili

Ukuxilongwa okuhlukile kwesifo sikashukela

Izidakamizwa eziningi zingathinta ukuzwela kwamangqamuzana nezicubu ezenzweni zezinto ezisebenza ngama-hormone futhi zonakalise nemishini engafakwanga insimbi. Uhlu lwemithi efanayo:

• Izidakamizwa ezonakalisayo - ziholela eqinisweni lokuthi i-insulin iyeka ukwakheka ngokuphelele (i-Alloxan, Streptozotocin, Zanozar).
• Izidakamizwa ezicindezela ukwenziwa kwehomoni - iPentamidine, uCyclosporin.
• Izinto ezibangela ukwehla kokuzwela esenzweni se-insulin - α- and β-agonists, α- and and-lytics, corticosteroids, NSAIDs.

Ifomu lesibili likashukela ku-feline lingakhula ngokumelene nesizinda se-pathology yezindlala ze-adrenal, i-gland yegland, ukuphazamiseka kwesimo sofuzo, izinqubo zokuvuvukala zesibindi namanyikwe.

Izici ezithinta inkambo kanye nentuthuko yalesi sifo

Ngaphezu kwalezi zinto nezizathu ezingenhla, kunenqwaba yama-nuances okufanele unake ngawo:

• i-pathology yohlobo 2 ivela kaningi emakati nasemakati, bese uthayipha u-1 - ezinjeni;
• ubungozi obukhulu bokuthola lesi sifo kuhlobo lweSiamese;
• amakati maningi amathuba okuba nesifo sikashukela kunamakati;
• uhlobo lwe-1 Psychology lwenzeka phakathi kweminyaka yezinyanga eziyi-6 nonyaka owodwa, uhlobo 2 lwenzeka esikhathini esisuka eminyakeni emi-5 kuye kwengama-8 yokuphila;
• abanikazi abathanda ukondla isilwane sabo ngokudla kwe-carbohydrate bakhulisa amathuba abo okuthuthukisa lesi sifo amahlandla ama-2-3.

Lesi sifo sikhonjiswa kanjani?

Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela emakati zibhekwa njengeziqonde ngqo futhi empeleni azifani nezikhalazo eziphambili zabantu abanesifo sikashukela abeza nabo kodokotela abakhona. Abanikazi beziguli ezinemilenze emine baphendukela kudokotela wezilwane ekhala ngokuthi izilwane ezifuywayo zisebenzisa amanzi amaningi, zichame zidle. Isiguli singanciphisa ngokushesha isisindo noma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, sisebenze ngokweqile.

Ukubonakala kokukhuluphala kuwuphawu olungenzeka lokukhula kohlobo 2 lwe-pathology

Ngokuwohloka okubukhali esimweni sekati likashukela, isifo sohudo, ukuphuma komzimba kwenzeka, kuvela iphunga elingathandeki "lamaapula avuthiwe". Abanikazi bangaqaphela ukuthi izilwane ezifuywayo zine-gait engagxilile, amakati akhetha ukuqamba amanga ngaphezu kokuhamba noma ukugijima. Ukuxilongwa elabhorethri kuqinisekisa ukuba khona kwamanani aphezulu kashukela egazini lesilwane.

Ungaqonda kanjani ukuthi isilwane, empeleni, sinesifo sikashukela?

Lapho wenza isifo, udokotela wezilwane unaka la maphuzu alandelayo:

• ukuba khona kwezibonakaliso zesifo nokugqama kobukhali bazo;
• i-glycemia ephakeme;
• ukuba khona kweshukela kumchamo.

Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi i-hyperglycemia ingahle ivele emakati uma isemuva kwezimo ezicindezelayo, ngokwesibonelo, lapho uthatha impahla yokuxilongwa kwelabhoratri. Isimo esingenhla yisibalo esingu-6 mmol / l. Ngaphansi kwethonya lengcindezi, amanani angakhuphuka ngezikhathi ezingama-2-3 (noma esilwaneni esinempilo). Ngokushintshwa kwe-12 mmol / L, i-glucosuria (ushukela kumchamo) nayo iyenzeka.

Ngokusekelwa kulesi simo, odokotela bezilwane bengeza ukuthi izinga le-hemoglobin ye-glycated ne-fructosamine liba njani. Isikhombisi sokuqala sikhombisa izinga eliphakathi kashukela ezinyangeni ezi-2 ezedlule, kwesesibili - emasontweni ama-2 edlule.

Uma kunesidingo, udokotela uzonquma ezinye izifundo:

• Izinga lama-hormone egilo, izindlala ze-adrenal;
• i-biochemistry yegazi;
• ukuhlolwa kwe-dexamethasone;
• isilinganiso se-acidity;
• I-Ultrasound yama-pancreas, njll.

Ukuhlolwa kwesilwane ekhaya

Ukwenza impilo ibe lula kwizilwane ezifuywayo nabaninizo, kwethulwa amamitha eglue kashukela ezilwaneni. Umgomo womsebenzi wabo ufana namadivayisi afanayo wokulinganisa izinga le-glycemia ebantwini. Idivayisi ifakelwe imichilo yokuhlola, lapho kufakwa khona ithonsi legazi lesihloko.

Ikhemisi lezilwane lihlinzeka ngokusetshenziswa kwemichilo ebonakalayo ukuhlola amazinga kashukela womchamo (isb. Urigluk). Indlela yokuthola ubukhona be-glucosuria ngeke ikutshele njalo uma izibalo ze-glycemia zivamile, kepha zizokuvumela ukuthi uthole izimo ezibucayi.

Odokotela batusa ukukala amazinga kashukela ekhaya nsuku zonke. Uma isilwane esihlolwayo ngesizathu esithile emtholampilo wezilwane, ushukela uhlolwa njalo emahoreni ambalwa.

I-OneTouch Ultra - inketho enhle yemitha yeglucose yasekhaya

Izinkinga ezingaba khona zesifo

Ukuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic okuyisimpawu sesifo sikashukela, kanye ne-hyperglycemia engapheli, kubangela ushintsho ekusebenzeni kwazo zonke izitho nezinhlelo zangaphakathi. Izinkinga ezivama kakhulu ezilwaneni yisimo se-ketoacidotic, esihambisana nokuqongelelwa kwemizimba ye-acetone (ketone) egazini elinomgogodla. I-Pathology ingaphenduka isicefe, noma ibulale.

Izinkinga ezingalapheki ezihlala njalo zingama-angiopathies. Lesi yisilonda semithambo ehlukahlukene (izinso, izitho, imithambo yegazi yenhliziyo nobuchopho), okuholela ekuphulweni kwe-microcirculation. Amangqamuzana nezicubu ziyeka ukuthola inani elanele legazi, okusho oksijini nezakhi zomzimba.

Ukwehlulwa kodonga lwangaphakathi lwemikhumbi kubonakaliswa ngokuvezwa kwezindawo ezibekelwa kuzo i-atherosulinotic. Lokhu kuholela ekunciphiseni i-lumen ye-vascular, kungadala ukukhula kwe-gangrene yemilenze noma umsila, ischemia yemisipha yenhliziyo, ukushaya kwenhliziyo.

Ukulimala kwezinso kwe-Feline nezinso kwamehlo akuvamile. Imvamisa, i-neuropathy yenzeka - ukulimala kwezinzwa zangaphakathi. Kwenzeka ku-7-8% yezilwane ezigulayo futhi kubonakaliswa ukungazami kwe gait.

Izici zokwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela emakati nasemakati

Umgomo oyinhloko wokwelashwa obekiwe ukufeza ukuxolelwa, okungukuthi, isimo lapho isidingo sesitho somuntu ogulayo emjojweni we-insulin sincishisiwe, futhi amanani kashukela agcinwa ngaphansi kwemikhawulo eyamukelekayo. Ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela emakati futhi kukuvumela ukuthi unciphise ubungozi bezinkinga ezinzima futhi ezingamahlalakhona, ukunweba impilo yesilwane.

Amaningi amabutho ahumusha ngokungalungile izici zesifo ezilwaneni, adweba ukufaniswa kwe-pathology yomuntu. Kakade ezindlini zokuqala, udokotela wezilwane kufanele achaze ukuthi ngisho nangokwelapha isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, izilwane zinqunyelwa ngokushesha ukuthola i-insulin, ngoba izidakamizwa zomlomo ze-hypoglycemic azikwazi ukubuyisa ukusebenza kwamathuluzi asemzimbeni, noma ngabe zichaziwe ezigabeni zokuqala zesifo.

Imikhiqizo emihle kakhulu ye-insulin yamakati ashukela:

• ILantus;
• I-Levemir.

Udokotela wezilwane kufanele afundise umnikazi wekati ukuthi akhethe isirinji ye-insulin, ukuqoqa inani elifanele lesisombululo, ukukhombisa ukuthi yiziphi izindawo lapho kufanele kusetshenziswe khona i-hormone. Kuhle ukukhumbula ukuthi izilwane zidinga ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuguqula indawo yomjovo, kanye nabantu.

Ukudla

Isilwane akufanele siphathwe kuphela ngezixazululo zamahomoni, kodwa futhi nokudla kwansuku zonke. Ochwepheshe batusa ukukhetha ukudla okunjalo kwesilwane sakho esinemilenze emine, esingagcwaliswa ngezakhi zamaprotheni. Inani lama-carbohydrate kufanele ancishiswe kakhulu. Uma uthenga ukudla okukhethekile kwamakati enesifo sikashukela, kufanele usebenzise imali eningi, ngoba lokho kudla kubhekwa njengokubiza kakhulu.

Ukudla okulandelayo kwezilwane ezigulayo kuyaziwa:

• I-young Again Zero Carb Cat Ukudla kuyinkimbinkimbi ehlanganisa ufulawa wezinkukhu, ukugxila kwamaprotheni engulube, ama-acid amaningi kanye nokudla kwezinhlanzi. Ama-carbohydrate ekwakhiweni awekho. Sebenzisa ukudla okunjalo ngokuqapha, ngoba ukwakheka kuhlanganisa imvubelo, futhi abanye abamele umndeni wekati bangasabela okuthile kubo.
• Ukudla okuncane futhi kwe-50 / 22Cat Ukudla - okuphakelayo okukhiqizwa kuhambisana nokukhetha kokuqala (umkhiqizi ofanayo). Inokuqukethwe okuphansi kwezakhi ze-carbohydrate.
• I-Royal Canin akuyona inketho enhle kakhulu (ama-saccharides - ama-21%), kepha kungenzeka, ikakhulukazi uma isimo silungiswa kahle.

Abakhiqizi abakhiqizi ukudla okwomile kuphela, kepha futhi nokudla okusemathinini (okwedlule kungcono ukondla izilwane ezibuthakathaka nalezo "esezikhulile")

Umsebenzi wezimoto ngesinye isimo esibalulekile sokuthola ukuxolelwa kwalesi sifo. Ukwenza ikati lihambe, ungathela ukudla emakhoneni ahlukene ekhishini, uthenge amathoyizi azomenza agijime, agxume. Abanikazi abaningi bakhetha ukudlala izikhombisi ze-laser nezilwane ezifuywayo.

Izimpawu nokwelashwa kwe- “matenda amnandi” ezilwaneni ezifuywayo kufana kakhulu nalezi zesifo somuntu. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukwanda kwesimo se-pathological kuxhomeke kuphela eminyakeni yekati, ukuba khona kwezifo ezihambisanayo, kodwa futhi nesifiso somnikazi ngokwakhe ukulandela izincomo ezidingekayo nokuphatha isilwane sakhe.