I-Cerebral atherosclerosis - izingozi eziphambili nezindlela zokwelashwa

AI-Therossteosis iyi-systemic vasular lesion ebangelwa ukuqoqwa kwama-cholesterol deposits ezindongeni.

I-Cerebral atherossteosis (CA) noma i-cerebrosulinosis ibonakala ngomonakalo odaleka kakhulu emithanjeni yobuchopho.

Ama-Deposits avela ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwe-lipid kanye ne-protein metabolism, lapho i-cholesterol exhumeke khona ifakwe ezindongeni ze-vascular. Kuzo kukhona ukunyakazisa okwenzeka ngezicubu ezithintekayo (i-sclerosis), ukubekwa kukasawoti we-calcium.

Lezi zinqubo ziholela ekutheni izindonga zemithambo yegazi ziphelelwe amandla, zibe lukhuni, imithambo yegazi inciphise, iphazamise ukuhamba kwegazi okukhululekile. Ukwephulwa kokuhlinzekelwa kwegazi ebuchosheni kuholela ekulimaleni kwayo okukhulu.

Imibono yokuthuthukiswa kwe-pathology

Lesi sifo siyingozi futhi ngoba ukubonwa kwaso njengomuthi wesimanje akukaze kukhonjwe.

Kunemibono eminingana yokuvela kwayo:

• ububi bokuzalwa kwezindonga zemithambo yegazi;
• ukutholakala kokuphazamiseka kwe-choroid;
• izilonda zemithambo yegazi;
• ama-pathologies ahlobene nama-hormone;
• ukunqwabelana kwama-lipoprotein.

Ososayensi babheka ezinye izimbangela zokuqalwa kwalesi sifo, ngokwesibonelo, ukwephulwa kohlelo lwe-antioxidant.

Njengoba kungakenzeki manje ukubhekana nezimbangela ze-cerebrossteosis, ukwelashwa kwayo kudinga ukusetshenziswa njalo kwezidakamizwa ezisekela i-metabolism yamafutha futhi zithuthukise ukuhamba kwegazi.

Ukuhlukaniswa

Amakhemikhali amancane e-cholesterol akhiwa ezindongeni ekuqaleni awubangeli izinguquko ezibonakalayo emzimbeni. Uma izinga le-cholesterol linganciphi, ukwakheka ezindongeni ze-vascular kukhula bese kuqala ukuthinta ukuhamba kwegazi.

Uma ububanzi bezikejana buncishiswa ngaphezu kwengxenye, i-atherosclerosis ibizwa ngokuthi yi-stenosing.

Ihlukanisa i-CA, kunezigaba ezimbili zesifo - isikhathi sokugcina nesigaba sokubonakaliswa kwemitholampilo. Ekuqaleni, azikho izimpawu ezisobala zalesi sifo. Ukulimazeka, ukuphazamiseka kwe-vasomotor kwenzeka emzimbeni.

Ukubonakaliswa kwemitholampilo, nakho, kunezigaba ezintathu:

1. Isigaba se-Ischemic - kunciphisa imithambo yemithambo, okuholela ekwandeni kwezinguquko ze-pathological ebuchosheni. Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-discepulopathy encephalopathy, kuqhubeka ngezigaba ezintathu.
2. I-Progressive vascular thrombosis necrosis encane.
3. Isigaba se-sclerotic ukufa kwezindawo zobuchopho.

Ngokwesilinganiso sokwanda kwezimpawu nokukhula kwalesi sifo, i-arteryosulinosis yamakhokho ihlukaniswe yaba:

1. Kancane kancane intuthuko - ukubonakaliswa kukhula kancane, kepha njalo.
2. Ukujula kwemvelo - izimpawu ziyavela futhi zinyamalale.
3. Inkambo ye-Acute - ukubonakaliswa kwe-CA kwenzeka ngobudlova futhi kubambe isikhathi eside.
4. I-Corigner cerebrossteosis iholela ekukhubazekeni.

I-atherossteosis ithinta yonke imithambo yobuchopho - ukusuka kokukhulu kuya kokuncane kakhulu.

I-Pathology isho izifo zohlelo lokujikeleza kwegazi. Ikhodi ye-ICD 10 ingu-I67.2.

Ividiyo ku-corheral atherosulinosis:

Izizathu eziyinhloko

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi bekungeke kunqume i-etiology ye-CA, izici ezinomthelela ekuthuthukiseni lesi sifo zingabonakala.

Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• indlela yokuphila yokuhlala, okuholela ekunciphiseni nasekuphulweni kwezinqubo ze-metabolic ezithweni nasezithanjeni;
• ukuphazamiseka kwesibindi - amandla okuhlanganisa i-cholesterol nama-lipoprotein futhi alawule i-lipid metabolism;
• izifo ze-endocrine;
• ukudla okungafanele nge-predominance yamafutha nosawoti, kanye nokukhuluphala okuphumayo;
• ushintsho oluhlobene nobudala emzimbeni;
• ukubhema nokusebenzisa kabi utshwala;
• ezinye izifo ze-vascular, ikakhulukazi imithambo ye-varicose;
• izifo ze-hormonal kwabesifazane (kufaka phakathi ukuya esikhathini);
• umfutho wegazi ophakeme

Kaningi, umlando wesiguli one-CA nawo uqukethe isifo sikashukela. Zombili lezi zinhlobo zesifo sikashukela zingabaphembeleli abayingozi bokuthuthukiswa kwe-cerebral arteriossteosis.

Umfutho wegazi ophakeme uthwala ingozi yokwanda kwe -Cybrossteosis. Izifo ezimbili eziyingozi ngokubambisana zingadala i-corrhea hemorrhage nokufa ngokuzumayo.

Imiphumela yesifo

Isibonakaliso esiyingozi nesinzima se-CA ubuchopho noma ubuchopho be-ischemic. Lokhu kubuhlungu bekhanda obukhulu ngesiyezi, ubuthakathaka bemikhawulo, ukubuka okungaboni kanye nokuzwa.

Izimpawu ziyahlukahluka ngokuya ngendawo okulimala kuyo ubuchopho. Umonakalo obalulekile we-carotid artery uholela ezithweni ezingalungisiwe ezingxenyeni eyodwa yomzimba.

Uma ngabe imithambo yengxenye yobuchopho yobuchopho ilimele, ukungasebenzi kahle kokubuka, isiyezi nokulahlekelwa kokuma kungenzeka. Iziguli azizwa ukunambitheka, kwesinye isikhathi azikwazi ukugwinya.

Lokhu kuhlasela kungaqhubeka kusuka emizuzwini embalwa kuya ezinsukwini ezimbili. Kaningi, isiguli asizikhumbuli ngalesi sikhathi. Izimpawu ziyaphela kancane kancane, zishiya buthakathaka. Uma le nkinga iqhubeka isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezimbili, ubungozi besifo sohlangothi bukhuphuka kakhulu.

Ukuntuleka njalo komoya-mpilo kondla amaseli obuchopho kubangela ukushayeka kwenhliziyo noma isifo sohlangothi.

Isifo sohlangothi i-hemorrhagic ukugqabhuka kwe-aneurysm ne-hemorrhage ye-cerebral.

Iziguli ezinomfutho wegazi ophezulu zisengozini enkulu yokuthola i-CA. Ingcindezi ephezulu ithinta kabi isimo sezindonga zemithambo yegazi. Zinciphile futhi zikhubazekile. Ekucindezelweni okuphezulu, i-cholesterol iqina ngokushesha ezindongeni.

Isifo sikashukela i-mellitus futhi sicasule ukuqhubekela phambili kwe-cerebrossteosis. Izibalo zikhombisa ukuthi kubantu abanesifo sikashukela, lesi sifo sivame kakhulu ukwedlula kulabo abangenaso isifo sikashukela.

Ushukela wegazi okhuphukile, kanye ne-cholesterol, kuholela ekuwohlokeni masinyane kwesimo semithambo yobuchopho nokukhula njalo kwezinkinga.

Izimpawu zomuntu

I-Symbomatology yesigaba sokuqala se-CA ifiphalisiwe - kwezinye iziguli ivezwa ngokuvela kokhanda, kwezinye - ekuphazamisweni kokuziphatha.

Ukonakala kancane kwesimo semithambo yobuchopho kuholela ekondleni okungekuhle kwezingxenye ezithile zobuchopho kanye nokwehla kokusebenza kwabo. Imvamisa izimpawu ze-asthenia zisiza ukuthola lesi sifo ngesikhathi.

Izimpawu ze-cerebrossteosis ngokuziphatha:

1. Ukulimazeka kwenkumbulo yesikhashana. Iziguli azikhumbuli ngokwenzeka izolo. Ngaso leso sikhathi, izehlakalo zobuntwana zisakhunjulwa ngokuningiliziwe.
2. Ukukhathala. Ukukhathala noma kusuka emsebenzini olula futhi omfushane. Imisebenzi elula kakhulu ithatha isikhathi esiningi, imvamisa yehluleka.
3. Ukuguqulwa kwesimilo. I-atherossteosis ibangela ukungadabuki, ukuthambekela kokudana, ulaka nokungathandeki kwabanye kuvame ukuboniswa.
4. Ukwehluleka ukugxila. Umuntu uvame ukungaphenduli imibuzo elula, akhohlwe ukuthi uyaphi nokuthi kungani esiya.

Amandla engqondo ayancipha, isimo sengqondo esihle nentshisekelo ngempilo iyanyamalala.

Izimpawu zesifo:

• ukwephulwa kokuxhumana, okuvame ukuvezwa ekushintsheni kwe-gait, ukungavikeleki ekunyakazeni;
• ukuthuthumela kwemikhawulo ephezulu, ukulimala kwezimoto;
• ukujuluka ngokweqile, i-hyperemia yobuso;
• ikhanda
• hypersensitivity imisindo nokukhanya;
• ukungalali kahle ebusuku nobusuku bokulala.

Isiguli kwesinye isikhathi asiqondi ukuthi siyagula. Ukubonakaliswa kokuqala kwe-CA kufakwa eminyakeni yobudala, ukukhathala, noma ukucindezela. Ngezinye izikhathi izimpawu zokuqala zokukhula kwesifo isiyezi.

Ubuhlungu bekhanda buthambile emvelweni, butholakala endaweni ye-occipital nasezingaphambili.

Ephusheni, kwesinye isikhathi kuhlaselwa ukuhlaselwa kwe-angina, okubonisa izilonda ze-sclerotic of the coronary shipping and aorta.

Ividiyo ngezimpawu ze-pathology:

Izindlela Zokuxilonga

Izigaba zokuqala ze-CA kunzima ukuzazi ngezimpawu. Izifundo zaselebhu kanye nezehadiwe ziyadingeka.

Kwenziwe:

• ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-biochemistry kanye ne-immunological;
• i-arterial angiography;
• I-Ultrasound yemikhumbi yokuqwasha;
• igazi le-heestasiogram - ukuzimisela kwe-coagulability;
• I-angiography ye-CT
• ukuhlaziywa okujwayelekile kwegazi nomchamo;
• I-MRI yemikhumbi.

I-Angiography ne-MRI kusiza ekuboneni ukwephulwa kwe-patency kanye nokunciphisa imithambo yegazi, ukuba khona kwama-plaque ezindongeni. Lezi zifundo ziwusizo kakhulu ekuxilongeni i-atherosulinosis yamakhemikhali.

Izindlela zokwelapha

I-Cerebral atherosclerosis ayikwazi ukwelashwa. Ukwelashwa kuhloswe ukwehlisa ukukhula kwawo kanye nokuvikela izinkinga.

Imithi

Amaqembu alandelayo wezidakamizwa anqunyelwe:

• ukwenza ngcono ukusatshalaliswa kwengqondo kanye nokusebenza kwenhliziyo;
• anti-ukuvuvukala;
• ama-antiplatelet agents;
• ama-calcium blockers;
• i-nootropic;
• ama-multivitamin complexes.

Ukuthuthukisa inhlala-kahle, ama-ejenti anezimpawu asetshenziswa - kusuka ekhanda, amaphilisi okulala nabanye.

Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela kudingeka zigcine amazinga evamile kashukela. Lokhu futhi kuyingxenye yokwelashwa kweCCA.

Izidakamizwa eziningi zidinga ukusetshenziswa njalo, ezinye zimiselwe ezifundweni. Uma ukulimala kwemithambo yobuchopho kuqhubeka, nokugeleza kwegazi kuvinjiwe kakhulu, kwenziwa umsebenzi.

Isisekelo sokwelashwa kwalesi sifo kuyinto ejwayelekile yokudla kwamafutha emzimbeni. Ukuhamba kwe-cholesterol eyeqile kusuka kumaseli kwenziwa ngama-lipoprotein, kudluliselwa eqenjini "elihle". Amafutha omuntu ophansi avela esibindini, anempahla yokukhula iye ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi, enza izingwegwe.

Ukubekwa phambili kwe-lipoprotein esezingeni eliphakeme ngaphezulu "kokuhle" kuholela ku-atherosclerosis.

Iqembu lezidakamizwa elibizwa ngama-statins lisiza ukuzinzisa imetabolism yamafutha. Kodwa-ke, le nqubo ayihleliwe emzimbeni. Izidakamizwa kumele zithathwe ngokuqhubekayo.

Ama-Lipidograms akhombisa ukuthi ukuthatha ama-statins kwehlisa i-cholesterol embi egazini futhi kuthuthukisa impilo ye-vascular. Izici ezingezinhle zokusebenzisa kwabo zibandakanya imiphumela emibi abanayo.

Ubuhlungu bekhanda, ukuqaqanjelwa yisikhumba, ukuqwasha kungenzeka. Izidakamizwa zibekelwe iziguli ezine-hyperlipidemia kuphela.

Ividiyo evela kuDkt Malysheva mayelana nama-statins:

Uma izinga le-cholesterol lingalungiswa, i-plasmapheresis ingabekwa - ukucaciswa kwegazi ngegazi. Kwenziwa ezibhedlela kusetshenziswa izindlela zokuhlunga ze-Cascade plasma noma i-cryoapheresis.

Ingcindezi ephakemeyo ibangela inqubekela phambili ngokushesha e-CA, ngakho-ke iziguli ezinomfutho wegazi ophakeme zikhethwa izidakamizwa ezikhulisa umfutho. Ukuqapha ngokucophelela umfutho wegazi kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokwelashwa.

Izindlela Zokuhlinzwa

Ukuntuleka kokujikeleza kwegazi kungaholela ekufeni kwengxenye yobuchopho, ngakho-ke ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, ingxenye yomkhumbi onamapulangwe iyasikwa. Uma le ndawo inkulu, ingafakwa ngesikejana ngomkhumbi okwenziwe ngawo. Ukusebenza kubhekwe kusetshenziswa i-ultrasound yemithambo yobuchopho.

I-Endarterectomy yenziwa ngendlela evaliwe. Ngosizo lwemishini ye-endoscopic, i-stent iqhubekela endaweni yokuqhuma kwe-artery futhi iyelule.

Ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlinzwa, ukwelashwa okukhethekile kwenziwa.

Ividiyo mayelana nokwelashwa kwalesi sifo:

Izindlela zabantu

Kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa amakhambi abantu ngemuva kokubonana nodokotela. I-Cerebrossteosis yisifo esiyingozi, futhi singathuthuka ngokushesha. Akufanele uchithe isikhathi ngezindlela ezingasebenzi.

Ukusetshenziswa kawoyela onamafutha kusiza ukuthuthukisa isimo semithambo yegazi. Iphuzwa ngezipuni izikhathi 2 ngosuku.

Ukwelashwa nokuvimbela i-atherosulinosis kuyasetshenziswa:

• uju;
• yarrow;
• i-rosehip;
• usinamoni.

Isebenzisa imifino yemifino - u-anyanisi, amazambane, isanqante.

Lezi zimali zizosiza esigabeni sokuqala ukuvikela ukonakala.

Indlela yokuphila

Ukushintsha indlela yokuphila kusiza ukumisa ukuqhubeka kwe-atherossteosis, kanye nokuvimbela ukubonakala kwayo.

Izisekelo zokudla komsoco ku-CA

1. Ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi afinyelela kumalitha ayi-1.5. Ingqondo ingamanzi ayi-70-85%. Ngakho-ke, ukuphuma emzimbeni kunzima.
2. Amavithamini eqembu B, C, PP - asiza ukuvuselelwa kwezicubu.
3. Ukusetshenziswa kwama-kilojoule angaphezu kuka-2000-2500 ngosuku.
4. Yehla ekudleni kasawoti.
5. Ukudla ukudla kwasolwandle, imifino nezithelo.
6. Amafutha emifino angachaziwe.

Kuyadingeka ukugcina ushukela wegazi ojwayelekile.

Ukunciphisa ukukhula kwesifo, ukuvivinya umzimba kanye nendlela yokuphila esebenzayo kuyadingeka. Ungenza ukubhukuda noma i-yoga, ukuhamba kwe-Nordic, okungadingi izindleko ezibonakalayo.

Ukulahleka kokuxhumana komphakathi kuholela ekucindezelekeni nasekuwohlokeni kwengqondo. Kunemiphumela eyingozi enjalo ye-CA njengokuwohloka komqondo kanye nokuwohloka komqondo okuyi-senile.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi akunakwenzeka ukwelapha i-cerebrossteosis, indlela yokuphila efanele nokuvimbela kuzosiza ukuyigcina ilawulwa futhi kuvikele nezinkinga eziyingozi.