I-Insulin Dose Ukubalwa kwe-Algorithm

I-diabetes mellitus yisifo lapho ukungabikhona ngokuphelele noma okuphelele kwe-hormone ye-hypoglycemic kunqunywa emzimbeni womuntu.

Le hormone idlala indima ebalulekile emzimbeni womuntu, kepha umsebenzi wayo ophambili ukwehlisa ushukela wegazi.

Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 zinqunywe imijovo ye-insulin yokuphila konke.

Abantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 bangakhawulelwa ekuthatheni amaphilisi isikhathi eside. Kufakwa kubo imijovo uma kwenzeka kubola lesi sifo kanye nokuvela kwezinkinga.

Isisekelo somzimba sokulashwa kwe-insulin

I-pharmacology yesimanje idala ukuqondana okuphelele kwe-hormone yomuntu. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ingulube ne-insulin, okwakhiwa ngonjiniyela bezakhi zofuzo. Ngokuya ngesikhathi sokusebenza, le mishanguzo ihlukaniswe yaba mfushane ne-ultrashort, yinde futhi yinde. Kukhona nezidakamizwa lapho ama-hormone wesenzo esifushane nesihlala isikhathi eside exutshwa.

Abantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 bathola izinhlobo ezimbili zemijovo. Ngokomhlangano, babizwa ngokuthi umjovo "oyisisekelo" futhi "omfishane".

Uhlobo olungu-1 lubelwe isilinganiso seyunithi engu-0.5-1 ngekhilogremu ngosuku. Ngokwesilinganiso, kuyatholakala amayunithi angama-24. Kepha empeleni, umthamo ungahluka kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ngokwesibonelo, kumuntu osanda kuthola ngokugula kwakhe futhi waqala ukujova ama-hormone, umthamo uyancipha izikhathi eziningana.

Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-"honeymoon" sikashukela. Imijovo ithuthukisa umsebenzi we-pancreatic bese amaseli we-beta asele enempilo eqala ukwenza i-hormone. Lesi simo sihlala ezinyangeni ezi-1 kuye kwezingu-6, kepha uma ukwelashwa okunqunyelwe, ukudla kanye nokuzivocavoca komzimba kubhekwa, "i-honeymoon" nayo ingahlala isikhathi eside. I-insulin emfushane iyalashwa ngaphambi kokudla okuyinhloko.

Mangaki amayunithi ongawabeka ngaphambi kokudla?

Ukubala isilinganiso esifanele, kufanele uqale ubale ukuthi ingakanani i-XE esitsheni esiphekiwe. Ama-insulin amafushane atholakala ngesilinganiso samayunithi angama-0.5-1-1,5-2 nge-XE.

Ngesifo esisanda kutholwa, umuntu ulaliswa esibhedlela emnyangweni we-endocrinology, lapho odokotela abanolwazi bekhetha imithamo edingekayo. Kepha uma esekhaya, umthamo obekwe udokotela kungenzeka unganele.

Kungakho isiguli ngasinye sifunda esikoleni sikashukela, lapho sitshelwa khona ukuthi singabala kanjani umuthi bese sikhetha isilinganiso esifanele sezitho zesinkwa.

Ukubalwa kwedosi kwesifo sikashukela

Ukuze ukhethe isilinganiso esifanele somuthi, udinga ukugcina idayari yokuzithiba.

Kubonisa:

• amazinga e-glycemia ngaphambi nangemva kokudla;
• udle amayunithi esinkwa;
• kuqhutshwa imithamo

Kusebenzisa idayari ukubhekana nesidingo se-insulin akunzima. Mangaki amayunithi okufanele awahlabe, isiguli uqobo kumele sazi, ngokulinga nangephutha ukunquma izidingo zakhe. Ekuqaleni kwalesi sifo, udinga ukubiza kaningi noma uhlangane nodokotela oyi-endocrinologist, ubuze imibuzo futhi uthole izimpendulo. Le ukuphela kwendlela yokukunxephezela ukugula kwakho nokuphila isikhathi eside.

Thayipha isifo sikashukela sokuqala

Ngale hlobo lwesifo, "izisekelo" zamakhompiyutha 1 - izikhathi 2 ngosuku. Kuya ngesidakamizwa esikhethiwe. Abanye bahlala amahora angama-12, kanti abanye bahlala usuku lonke. Phakathi kwama-hormone amafushane, iNovorapid neHumalog asetshenziswa kaningi.

KuNovorapid, isenzo siqala imizuzu eyi-15 ngemuva komjovo, ngemuva kwehora elingu-1 ufinyelela inani eliphakeme, okuwukuthi, umphumela we-hypoglycemic ephezulu. Futhi ngemuva kwamahora ama-4 uyeka umsebenzi wawo.

I-humalogue iqala ukusebenza imizuzu engama-2-3 ngemuva komjovo, ifinyelela inani eliphakeme ngesigamu sehora bese iyaphela ngokuphelele ukusebenza kwayo ngemuva kwamahora ama-4.

Ividiyo enesibonelo sokulinganiswa kwamthamo:

Thayipha isifo sikashukela sesi-2

Isikhathi eside, iziguli zenza ngaphandle kwemijovo, lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ipancreas ikhiqiza i-hormone ngokwayo, futhi amaphilisi akhulisa ukuzwela kwezicubu kuyo.

Ukwehluleka ukulandela ukudla, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile, nokubhema kuholela ekulimazeni ngokushesha kwamanyikwe, futhi iziguli ziba nokuntuleka ngokuphelele kwe-insulin.

Ngamanye amagama, ama-pancreas ayeka ukukhiqiza i-insulin bese iziguli zidinga imijovo.

Ezigabeni zokuqala zesifo, iziguli zinikezwa imijovo ye-basal kuphela.

Abantu bayijova 1 noma 2 ngosuku. Futhi ngokuhambisana nemijovo, amalungiselelo wethebhulethi athathwa.

Lapho "isisekelo" singanele (isiguli sivame ukuba noshukela omningi, kuvela izinkinga - ukulahleka kokubuka, izinkinga zezinso), unikezwa i-hormone esebenza ngokubambisana ngaphambi kokudla ngakunye.

Kulokhu, kufanele futhi bathathe isifundo sesikole sikashukela ekubaleni i-XE nokukhetha umthamo ofanele.

Ama-insulin therapy regimens

Kunemihlobo eminingana yomthamo:

1. Umjovo owodwa - lo mbhalo uvame ukubekelwa iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.
2. Imijovo eminingi isetshenziselwa uhlobo 1 sikashukela.

Ososayensi banamuhla bathole ukuthi imijovo evame kakhulu ukulingisa umsebenzi wamanyikwe futhi iwuthinta kakhulu umsebenzi womzimba wonke uwonke. Ngale njongo, kwakhiwa iphampu ye-insulin.

Leli yipompo ekhethekile lapho kufakwa i-ampoule ene-insulin emfushane. Kuyo, i-miconeedle inamathele esikhunjeni somuntu. Iphampu inikezwa uhlelo olukhethekile, ngokusho kwalo lapho ilungiselela i-insulin ingena ngaphansi kwesikhumba somuntu njalo ngeminithi.

Ngesikhathi sokudla, umuntu usetha amapharamitha adingekayo, futhi ipompo izongena ngokuzimela umthamo odingekayo. Iphampu ye-insulin iyindlela enhle yokujova okuqhubekayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, manje kunamaphampu angalinganisa ushukela wegazi. Ngeshwa, idivaysi uqobo kanye nezinto zanyanga zonke ziyabiza.

Umbuso uhlinzeka ngamapeni wokujova okhethekile kubo bonke abanesifo sikashukela. Kunama-syringes anokulahlwa, okungukuthi, ngemuva kokuphela kwe-insulin, ayalahlwa bese kuqalwa okusha. Kumapeni asebenzisekayo, i-cartridge yomuthi iyashintsha, nepeni liyaqhubeka nokusebenza.

Ipeni lesirinji linomshini olula. Ukuze uqale ukuyisebenzisa, udinga ukufaka i-insulin cartridge kuyo, faka inaliti bese ushayela umthamo odingekayo we-insulin.

Amapeni ngawezingane nabadala. Umehluko ulele eqinisweni lokuthi izibaya zezingane zinezinyathelo ze-insulin zamayunithi ayi-0,5, kanti abantu abadala baneyunithi elilodwa.

I-insulin kufanele igcinwe emnyango wesiqandisi. Kepha isirinji oyisebenzisa nsuku zonke esiqandisini akufanele siqambe amanga, ngoba i-hormone ebandayo ishintsha izakhiwo zayo futhi icasule ukuthuthukiswa kwe-lipodystrophy - inkinga evame kakhulu yokwelashwa kwe-insulin, lapho kuvela khona izakhi zokujova.

Esikhathini esishisayo, kanye nakumakhaza, udinga ukufihla isirinji yakho efrijini elikhethekile, elivikela i-insulin ku-hypothermia kanye nokushisa ngokweqile.

Imithetho yokuphatha i-insulin

Ukwenza umjovo ngokwawo kulula. Isisu sisetshenziselwa i-insulin emfushane, kanye nehlombe, ithanga noma iqhubu isikhathi eside (isisekelo).

Umuthi kufanele ungene emafutheni angaphansi kwengqondo. Ngomjovo owenziwe ngokungafanele, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-lipodystrophy kungenzeka. Inaliti ifakwa i-perpendicular emthanjeni wesikhumba.

I-Syringe Pen Algorithm:

1. Geza izandla.
2. Ekhaleni lokucindezela lesibambo, shayela iyunithi eli-1, ekhishwa lize lomoya.
3. Umthamo usethwe ngokuqinile ngokuya ngokuya kadokotela, ukuguqulwa komthamo kumele kuvunyelwane nesazi se-endocrinologist. Inombolo edingekayo yamayunithi iyathayipha, kwenziwa isikhumba esikhunjeni. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ekuqaleni kwalesi sifo, noma ukwanda okuncane kumayunithi kungaba yidosi ebulalayo. Kungakho kuvame kakhulu ukulinganisa ushukela wegazi nokugcina idayari yokuzithiba.
4. Okulandelayo, udinga ukucindezela esisekelweni sesirinji bese ufaka isixazululo. Ngemuva kokuphatha umuthi, i-crease ayisuswa. Kuyadingeka ukubala ufike ku-10 bese kuphela lapho ukhipha inaliti futhi ukhulule isibaya.
5. Awukwazi ukujova endaweni enamanxeba avulekile, ukuqhuma esikhumbeni, endaweni yezikhumba.
6. Umjovo ngamunye omusha kufanele wenziwe endaweni entsha, okungukuthi, kwenqatshelwe ukujova endaweni efanayo.

Isifundo sevidiyo sokusebenzisa ipeni lesirinji:

Kwesinye isikhathi iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 kufanele zisebenzise ama-insulin. I-vial yesisombululo se-insulin ingaqukatha amayunithi angama-40, ama-80 noma ayi-100 ku-1 ml. Ngokuya kwalokhu, isirinji esidingekayo likhethiwe.

I-algorithm yokwazisa nge-insulinge ye-insulin:

1. Sula isivimbelo senjoloba sebhodlela ngendwangu yotshwala. Lindela utshwala bome. Faka isirinji umthamo odingekayo we-insulin emayunithi e-vial + 2, ubeke cap.
2. Phatha isayithi lomjovo ngokusula kotshwala, linda utshwala bome.
3. Susa ikepisi, khipha umoya, usheshe ufake inaliti engela kwama-degree angama-45 phakathi kohlaka lwamafutha angaphansi kwalo lonke ubude, lapho usikiwe.
4. Khipha i-crease bese ufaka insulin kancane.
5. Ngemuva kokususa inaliti, faka isigaxa esomile somqhaphu endaweni yomjovo.

Amandla wokubala umthamo we-insulin futhi wenze imijovo ngokufanele uyisisekelo sokwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela. Zonke iziguli kufanele zifunde lokhu. Ekuqaleni kwalesi sifo, konke lokhu kubonakala kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, kepha isikhathi esincane kakhulu sizodlula, futhi ukubalwa komthamo kanye nokuphathwa kwe-insulin uqobo kuzokwenzeka emshinini.