IHemoglobin yinto equkethwe egazini futhi ebhekele ukusatshalaliswa komoya-mpilo emzimbeni wonke. Yi-hemoglobin eyenza igazi elibomvu - lokhu kungenxa yokuqukethwe kwensimbi okukuyo.
IHemoglobin iyingxenye yamangqamuzana egazi abomvu - izinhlayiya ezibomvu zegazi. IGlucose ibandakanyeka ekwakhiweni kwe-hemoglobin. Le nqubo yinde impela, ngoba iseli elibomvu legazi lakhiwa kungakapheli izinyanga ezintathu. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-glycated (glycosylated) hemoglobin iyatholakala, ekhombisa isilinganiso se-glycemia ngaphezulu kwezinyanga ezi-3.
Ukuze uthole izinga lakho, udinga ukuthatha ukuhlolwa kwegazi okukhethekile. Ngeshwa, uma izivivinyo zikhombisa ukukhuphuka kwe-glycogemoglobin, khona-ke lokhu kukhombisa ubukhona besifo sikashukela, noma ngabe simnene futhi siqhubeka ngokungafanele kulesi sigaba, ngaphandle kokubanga ukungaphatheki kahle. Kungakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda ukuthi ungakudlulisa kanjani lokhu kuhlaziya kahle nokuthi yini okufanele uyazi ukuze uvikele izinkinga ezingaba khona.
Yini i- glycogemoglobin?
I-Glycated hemoglobin yi-molecule ye-hemoglobin exhunywe noshukela. Kungenxa yezinkomba zayo lapho singaphetha khona ukuthi kukhona izifo ezinjengoshukela.
Izinga le-hemoglobin ye-glycated linganikeza imininingwane ngokuqukethwe okumaphakathi kweshukela ezinyangeni ezi-2 zokugcina, yingakho abantu abanesifo sokuxilonga esifana nesifo sikashukela kudingeka babe nenqubo okungenani ngalesi sikhathi.
Lokhu kuzosiza ukuqapha inqubo yokwelashwa futhi wazi izinguquko zesikhathi ukuvimbela izinkinga. Ukuphakama kwezinga le-glycogemoglobin, kuvame kakhulu ukuthi kube nezinga eliphakeme kakhulu le-glycemia ezinyangeni ezisanda kwedlula, okusho ukuthi ubungozi bokuthola isifo sikashukela nokuba nezifo ezibuye zikhuphuke.
Ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-hemoglobin ye-glycosylated, okulandelayo kuzosiza ukuguqula isimo ngokujwayelekile
- ukwelashwa kwe-insulin;
- izidakamizwa ezinciphisa ushukela ngendlela yamathebulethi;
- ukwelashwa kokudla.
Ukuhlaziywa kwe-hemoglobin ye-glycated kuzosiza ekuhlonzeni ngokunembile nasekutholeni isifo sikashukela, ngokungafani nesilinganiso esivamile nge-glucometer, ekhombisa okuqukethwe ushukela ngesikhathi senqubo.
Ngubani odinga ukunikelwa ngegazi kwe-HbA1c?
Inkomba yokuhlaziya okunjalo igunyaziwe ukuthi inikezwe odokotela abahlukahlukene, futhi ungaya kuyo ngokwakho kunoma yiliphi ilabhorethri yokuxilonga.
Udokotela unikeza okudluliselwa ekuhlaziyweni kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:
- uma usola
isifo sikashukela mellitus; - ukuqaphela inkambo yokwelashwa;
- ngokuchaza amaqembu athile wezidakamizwa;
- ukuqapha izinqubo ze-metabolic emzimbeni;
- lapho uthwala ingane (uma kukhona izinsolo zesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa).
isifo sikashukela mellitus;Kepha isizathu esiyinhloko ukutholwa kwesifo sikashukela, lapho kunezimpawu:
- umlomo owomile
- isidingo esengeziwe sokuya endlini yangasese;
- ushintsho lwesimo sokuzwela;
- ukukhathala okwandayo nokuzikhandla komzimba okuphansi.
Ngingaluthola kuphi uhlaziyo? Ukuhlolwa kwe-hemoglobin ye-glycated kungenziwa kunoma yisiphi isikhungo sezokwelapha noma emtholampilo wangasese, umehluko ungaba ngentengo nekhwalithi yenkonzo. Kunezikhungo ezizimele eziningi kunalezo zombuso, futhi lokhu kulula kakhulu, futhi ngeke kudingeke ulinde emgqeni. Isikhathi sokucwaninga naso singase sehluke.
Uma uthatha ukuhlaziya okunjalo njalo, kufanele uthinte umtholampilo owodwa ukuze ukwazi ukuqapha imiphumela kahle, ngoba imishini ngayinye inezinga layo lamaphutha.
Imithetho yokulungiselela
Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi akunandaba ukuthi lokhu kuhlaziywa kuzokwethulwa esiswini esingenalutho noma cha, ngoba umphumela wokucwaninga awuxhomekile kulokhu.
Ngaphambi kokuya emtholampilo, ungaphuza ikhofi noma itiye ngokuphephile. Imvamisa, ifomu elinezinkomba ngeke likhishwe kungakapheli izinsuku ezi-3 zebhizinisi.
Umsizi weLaborator kufanele athathe cishe amasentimitha amathathu egazi egulini.
Izici ezilandelayo azidlali indima ekuphumeleleni ekuhlolweni kwe-hemoglobin ye-glycated:
- isizinda se-psycho-ngokomzwelo sesiguli;
- isikhathi sosuku nonyaka;
- ukuthatha umuthi.
Imiphumela yocwaningo ingahle ithintwe ngu:
- ukulahleka kwegazi (umthamo obalulekile);
- ukumpontshelwa igazi;
- ukuya esikhathini.
Ezimweni ezinjalo, odokotela batusa ukuhlehliswa komnikelo wegazi isikhashana.
Ekuphetheni, i-glycated hemoglobin ikhonjiswa njengeHbA1c.
Amanani ayo angavezwa ku:
- mmol / l
- mg / dl
- amaphesenti.
Amanani ajwayelekile we-glycosylated hemoglobin
Ukuzwisisa ukuthi imuphi umkhuba okufanele ube yikho, kufanele uqonde ukuthi ithini ngempela le nkomba.
Okujwayelekile kuncike ku-:
- iminyaka
- ubulili
- isimo somzimba.
Umehluko omkhulu kokujwayelekile nokwehluka kweminyaka. Ukuba khona kwezifo ezihambisanayo noma ukukhulelwa nakho kuyathinta.
Okujwayelekile ku% kubantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-45:
- okwejwayelekile <6.5;
- egculisayo - 6.5-7;
- kukhuphuke> 7.
Okujwayelekile ku-% kubantu ngemuva kweminyaka engama-45:
- evamile <7;
- egculisayo - 7-7.5;
- lenyukile> 7.5.
Imvamisa ku% kubantu ngemuva kweminyaka engama-65:
- evamile <7.5;
- egculisayo - 7.5-8;
- kukhuphuke> 8.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma umphumela usezingeni elijwayelekile, ke ungakhathazeki. Lapho inani linelisekile, lapho-ke kufanelekile ukuzibandakanya nempilo yakho. Uma ifomu liqukethe okuqukethwe okuphezulu, khona-ke kufanele uthintane nodokotela ngokushesha, ungahle ube nesifo sikashukela.
Imvamisa ku% ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa:
- evamile <6;
- egculisayo - 6-6.5;
- lenyukile> 6.5.
Uma umphumela wokuhlaziywa kungu-5.7%, khona-ke ayikho inkinga ngokufakwa kwe-carbohydrate, futhi ngenkomba ye-5.7-6% kufanelekile ukucabanga ngesimo sempilo, ngoba ubungozi bokuthola isifo sikashukela luphezulu impela. Akukulimazi ukuqhubeka nokudla okuphansi kwe-carb.
Uma owesifazane osesikhundleni enezinga le-hemoglobin ye-glycated ye-6.1-6.5%, khona-ke udinga ukubukeza ngokushesha ukudla kwakho, qala impilo enempilo, ngoba lesi sikhombisi sikhombisa ubungozi obukhulu bokuba nesifo sikashukela somzimba.
Ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela i-mellitus, le nkomba ingaba kusuka ku-6.5-8.5%.
I-Norm in% yesifo sikashukela:
- Thayipha 1 <6.5;
- Izinhlobo ezi-2 <7;
- kwabesifazane abakhulelwe <6.
Izinto zevidiyo ngamazinga we-glycogemoglobin egazini:
Kusho ukuthini inkomba eyeqile noma encishisiwe?
Uma inkomba ye-hemoglobin etholakele ye-glycated hemoglobin idlula amanani avumelekile, khona-ke lokhu akusho ukuthi isiguli sinesifo sikashukela. Kepha ungasho nakanjani ukuthi i-carbohydrate metabolism ayikhinyabezeka.
Ukuba khona kwesifo kungaqinisekiswa kuphela ngudokotela, kungadingeka ukuthi uthathe izivivinyo ezingeziwe ukukhipha okunye ukuhlukahluka kokuphendula komzimba.
Futhi kwenzeka ukuthi i-hemoglobin ye-glycated ingaba ngaphansi kakhulu kunokujwayelekile. Le nto ibizwa nge-hypoglycemia, eyenzeka ezifweni eziningi, kufaka phakathi umdlavuza we-pancreatic, okuvusa ukukhishwa kwe-insulin egazini.
Kulokhu, inani elikhulu le-insulin linciphisa okuqukethwe ushukela, okubangela i-hypoglycemia.
Izindlela zokunciphisa i-HbA1c
Uma kwenzeka kukhuphuka inani le-HbA1c, ukubonisana nodokotela onguchwepheshe kuyadingeka, ozonquma indlela yokwelashwa futhi anikeze nemithi edingekayo.
Njengendlela yokwehlisa i-glycemia yegazi, kufanelekile ukugqamisa ekudleni okwelaphayo. Okuningi kuncike ekudleni okufanele, kulokhu kufanelekile ukukhetha ukudla okune-carb ephansi.
Kufanele kuqondiswe imithetho elandelayo lapho kudliwa:
- khetha ukudla okulinganiselayo;
- hlukanisa ukudla ube izingxenye ezincane, kungcono ukudla okuncane njalo ngamahora ama-2;
- yidla ngohlelo (umzimba kumele ujwayele futhi uqonde ukuthi ngeke kube nokubambezeleka okude phakathi kokudla);
- yidla imifino nezithelo eziningi;
- ukwethula ubhanana kanye ne-legumes ekudleni kwakho;
- kufanelekile ukungeza imikhiqizo yobisi nemikhiqizo yobisi;
- imenyu kufanele ivele amantongomane nezinhlanzi ezingenantambo;
- usinamoni ungangezwa kusuka kwizinongo;
- phuza amanzi futhi uqede usawoti;
- Ukudla okunamafutha kakhulu nangama-high-calorie kufanele kulibaleke, ngoba kuthinta kabi umzimba.
Uma kunzima ukuthola ngokwakho ukudla, khona-ke kufanele uxhumane nomondli wezempilo ozokusiza uthuthukise imenyu eyodwa evumelana nawe.
Kuyafaneleka ukunaka ukuqina komzimba wakho. Kuyadingeka ukwethula umsebenzi ojwayelekile womzimba.
Kufakazelwa ukuthi ukudlala imidlalo kukhulisa kakhulu imetabolism futhi kuthuthukisa ukumuncwa kokudla kwe-carbohydrate. Akufanelekile ukuzisebenza ngokweqile, kepha kufanele wenze okungenani izivivinyo zokukhanya, okungenani isigamu sehora.
Ukucindezeleka nenjabulo kuyathinta namathuba okuthola isifo sikashukela, ngakho-ke uma usushisa kakhulu futhi ungabi namandla okuxineka, kufanele ubhekane nesimo sakho sokomoya. Kungakuhle ukuqala ukuthambisa.
Ungakhohlwa ukubonana nodokotela ozokusiza ngezeluleko ezisebenzayo nemiyalo.
