I-LORISTA - IMIYALO ESETSHENZISWAYO, INTENGO, UKUBUYEKEZWA KANYE NAMA-ANALOGUES

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I-Lorista umuthi ovela eqenjini le-angiotensin-2 receptor antagonists (izimbangi). Lesi sakamuva sisho ama-hormone. Inomthelela ku-vasoconstriction, ukukhiqizwa kwe-aldosterone (i-adrenal hormone) kanye nokwanda komfutho wegazi. I-Angiotensin iyingxenye yohlelo lwe-renin-angiotensin.

Ath

I-Code Lorista anatomical kanye ne-ekwelapheni yokuhlukaniswa kwamakhemikhali i-C09CA01.

I-Lorista isidakamizwa eqenjini labaphikisi elikhuthaza i-vasoconstriction, ukukhiqizwa kwezindlala ze-adrenal gland kanye nokwanda komfutho wegazi.

Khipha amafomu nokwakheka

Umuthi uthengiswa ngendlela yamathebulethi efilimu. I-potassium losartan iyinto esebenzayo yalesi sidakamizwa. Okuqukethwe kwithebhulethi eyi-1 ngu-12,5 mg, 25 mg, 50 mg noma 100 mg.

Ukwakheka kwalo muthi kufaka phakathi i-cellactose, isitashi, ifilimu hypromellose nezinye izinto.

Amathebulethi aqhekeka ezinhlangothini zombili, ophuzi noma amhlophe ngombala (umthamo ongu-50 no-100 mg) futhi uyindilinga.

Indlela yokusebenza

Umuthi uyazikhethela. Ithinta ama-receptors e-AT1 ezinso, izicubu ezibushelelezi, inhliziyo, imithambo yegazi, isibindi nezindlala ze-adrenal, okuholela ekuncipheni komthelela we-hypertensive we-angiotensin-2.

Umuthi unomphumela olandelayo wemithi:

Kwandisa umsebenzi wokuvuselela.
Yehlisa ukugxila kwe-aldosterone.
Ivimbela i-vasoconstriction (vasoconstriction).
Akuthinti ukwakheka kwe-bradykinin.
Yehlisa ukumelana kwemithambo yegazi.
Igqamisa i-diureis (ukumbumbuluzwa koketshezi oluningi kumchamo ngokuhlunga ngeplasma yegazi).
Yehlisa umfutho wegazi (ikakhulukazi emjikelezweni we-pulmonary). Yehlisa umfutho wegazi ophakeme futhi ophansi. Ukwehla okuphezulu kwengcindezi kubhekwa amahora angama-5-6 ngemuva kokuthatha amaphilisi. Inzuzo ebalulekile yesidakamizwa ukungabi bikho kwesifo sokuhoxiswa.
Yehlisa ukucindezela enhliziyweni.
Ivimbela i-hypertrophy yemisipha yenhliziyo.
Kwandisa ukumelana kwabantu nokusebenza ngokomzimba. Lokhu kubalulekile ezigulini ezinokwehluleka kwenhliziyo.
Akuguquki ukushaya kwenhliziyo.

I-Lorista ithinta ama-receptors e-AT1 ezinso, izicubu ezibushelelezi, inhliziyo, imithambo yegazi, isibindi nezindlala ze-adrenal.

Umuthi uphazamisa inqubo ye-vasoconstriction.

Umuthi usiza ukususa uketshezi oluningi emchameni ngokuhlunga i-plasma yegazi.

I-Pharmacokinetics

Ngokwezifundo ze-pharmacokinetic, ukufakwa kweLorista esiswini namathumbu amancane kwenzeka ngokushesha.

Ukudla akukuthinti ukuhlushwa kwe-metabolite esebenzayo. I-bioavailability yomuthi icishe ibe ngama-33%. Lapho esegazini, i-losartan ihlangana ne-albhamuin futhi isatshalaliswa kuzo zonke izitho zomzimba. Ngokudlula kwesidakamizwa ngesibindi, i-metabolism yayo iyenzeka.

Ukuphila kwesigamu seLorista kungamahora ama-2. Imishanguzo eminingi yemithi ikhishwa nge-bile. Ingxenye ye-losartan ichazwa yizinso ngomchamo. Isici seLorista ukuthi umuthi awungeni ebuchosheni.

Ukudla akukuthinti ukuhlangana kwento esebenzayo yesidakamizwa.

Okusizayo

Umuthi ukhonjiswa:

umfutho wegazi ohlukahlukene wemvelaphi ehlukahlukene;
i-ventricular hypertrophy (i-ventricle yangakwesobunxele);
CHF;
i-proteinuria enesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 (umuthi unciphisa ubungozi be-nephropathy kanye nokwehluleka kwezinso).

Kukuphi ingcindezi okufanele uyithathe

Ukuthatha umuthi kulungisiswe ngomfutho wegazi we-140/90 mm Hg. futhi phezulu. Lo muthi uvame ukubekwa esimweni sokungasebenzi kahle noma ukungakwazi ukusebenzisa i-ACE inhibitors.

Umuthi kaLorista unesizathu sokucindezela kwegazi okungu-140/90 mm Hg. futhi phezulu.

Contraindication

I-Lorist akufanele inikezwe:

umfutho wegazi ophansi;
i-potassium ngokweqile egazini;
ukungabekezelelani komuntu ngamunye ezingxenyeni zomuthi;
ukuzala ingane nokukhipha ingane;
ukomisa komzimba;
i-malabsorption ye-galactose noma ushukela;
ukungabekezeleli ushukela wobisi.

Ucwaningo oluphelele lomtholampilo ngemiphumela yezidakamizwa emzimbeni wezingane alwenziwe, ngakho umuthi unqunyelwe abadala kuphela. Uma kwenzeka wephula ibhalansi yama-electrolyte, izinso, ukungasebenzi kwesibindi kanye nokunciphisa imithambo ye-renal, ukuqaphela kuyadingeka ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.

Ungayithatha kanjani

Umuthi lo uphuza ngomlomo isikhathi esisodwa ngosuku ngaphambi, ngesikhathi sokudla noma ngemuva kokudla. Ekucindezelweni okuphezulu, umthamo ngu-50 mg / ngosuku. Umthamo ungangezelelwa ube ngu-100 mg.

Umuthi lo uphuza ngomlomo isikhathi esisodwa ngosuku ngaphambi, ngesikhathi sokudla noma ngemuva kokudla.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, imvamisa yokuphatha i-1-2 times ngosuku. Njengoba umuthi unomphumela we-diuretic, lapho welapha nge-diuretics, uLorista ubekwa kumthamo we-25 mg, kancane kancane ukhulisa umthamo.

Abantu abadala, iziguli ezisetshenzisweni se-hemodialysis kanye nabantu abane-renal dysfunction dose ukulungisa kwenziwa.

Ku-CHF, umthamo wokuqala nsuku zonke ngu-12,5 mg. Ngemuva kwalokho ikhuphukela ku-50 mg / ngosuku. Njalo ngesonto inyanga, umthamo wokuqala ukhushulwa ngo-12,5 mg. I-Lorista ivame ukuhlanganiswa namanye ama-ejenti athinta uhlelo lwezinhliziyo (i-diuretics, glycosides). Iziguli ezinobungozi obukhulu bengozi ye-acute cerebrovascular ngengozi uLorista udinga ukuthatha i-50 mg / ngosuku.

Ukuthatha umuthi wesifo sikashukela

Ngokuvimbela ukulimala kwezinso ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, umthamo ngu-50-100 mg / ngosuku.

Imiphumela emibi

Ngokwengxenye yohlelo lwe-endocrine nezitho zesifuba, ukusabela okungekuhle akubonwa.

Lapho uthatha uLorista, ubuhlungu besisu bungenzeka.

Amapheshana wesisu

Lapho uthatha uLorista, imiphumela elandelayo engathandeki iyenzeka:

Ubuhlungu besisu
ukwephulwa kwesitulo ngendlela yesifo sohudo;
isicanucanu
izinyo;
umlomo owomile
ukuqhakaza;
ukuhlanza
ukuqunjelwa
ukunciphisa umzimba kuze kufike ku-anorexia;
ukwanda kokuxineka kwama-enzyme wesibindi egazini (kuyaqabukela);
ukukhuphuka kwe-bilirubin egazini.

Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, phakathi nokwelashwa, i-gastritis ne-hepatitis ingaqala ukukhula.

Izitho zeHematopoietic

Ngesinye isikhathi, i-purpura ne-anemia kwenzeka.

Ukuthatha umuthi kungadala i-anemia.

Isistimu yezinzwa ephakathi

Engxenyeni yohlelo lwezinzwa, i-asthenia (ukusebenza okwehlisiwe, ubuthakathaka), ukuqwasha, ikhanda, ukukhubazeka kwenkumbulo, isiyezi, imizwa yokulimala ngendlela ye-paresthesia (tingling, goosebumps) noma i-hypesthesia, i-migraine, ukukhathazeka, ukwehluleka, kanye nokudangala kungenzeka. Kwesinye isikhathi i-neuropathy ne-ataxia yangaphandle iba.

Allergies

Lapho uthatha i-Lorista, izinhlobo ezilandelayo zokungafani komzimba zingenzeka:

ukulunywa
ukuqhuma
i-urticaria;
Idumela likaQuincke.

Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ipheshana lokuphefumula elingaphezulu liyadumba nokuphefumula kunzima.

Umthelela ekhonweni lokulawula izindlela

Akunamininingwane ngomphumela weLorista kumuntu okwazi ukushayela imoto nokusebenzisa imishini.

Akunamininingwane ngomphumela weLorista kumuntu okwazi ukushayela imoto.

Imiyalo ekhethekile

Lapho welapha uLorista, kufanele uhambisane nemiyalo elandelayo:

esimweni sokwehla kwenani lokujikeleza kwegazi, okokuqala kudingeka ulibuyisele noma uqale ukwelashwa ngomthamo ophansi womuthi;
qapha amazinga we-creatinine wegazi;
qapha izinga le-potassium esegazini.

Iziguli ezingasebenzi kahle isibindi

Nge-cirrhosis elinganiselayo, ukukhuphuka kwenani le-losartan egazini kungenzeka, ngenxa yalokho, abantu abane-pathology yesibindi badinga ukwehla komthamo womuthi.

Iziguli ezinenkinga yezinso umsebenzi

Ngokusebenza okunganele, uLorista uthathwa ngokuqapha. Iziguli ziyelulekwa ukuthi zinikele ngegazi ukuze kuhlaziywe ukunquma ukuhlangana kwe-nitrogen compounds.

Lapho usebenzisa uLorista, udinga ukuyeka ukuncelisa ibele.

Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokuqunjelwa

Ukusetshenziswa kwesidakamizwa ngesikhathi sokubeletha kwengane kukhulisa ubungozi bokulimala kwe-fetus ngenxa yethonya likaLorista ohlelweni lwe-renin-angiotensin. Lapho usebenzisa uLorista, udinga ukuyeka ukuncelisa ibele.

Ukuqokwa kukaLorist ezinganeni

Umuthi lo uphulwe ezinganeni nasentsheni.

Umthamo ekugugeni

Kubantu beminyaka yokuguga, umthamo wokuqala uhambelana nohlobo lokujwayelekile lokwelashwa. Amathebhulethi athathwa ekuseni, ntambama noma kusihlwa.

Ukuhambisana notshwala

Uma usebenzisa uLorista, kunconywa ukulahla ukusetshenziswa kotshwala.

Ukweqisa

Izimpawu zokweqisa ngokweqile yilezi:

ukuzindla kwenhliziyo;
ukwehla kwengcindezi nokuphazamiseka kokujikeleza kwegazi;
indlala yesikhumba.

Kwesinye isikhathi iBrady Cardia iyakhula. Kubantu abanjalo, izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo lingaphansi kwama-60 beats / min. Usizo luqukethe izidakamizwa eziphoqelelwe kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezinamaphawu. Ukuhlanzwa kwegazi nge-hemodialysis akusebenzi.

Ukuxhumana nezinye izidakamizwa

Ukuhambisana okungekuhle kweLorista ne:

izidakamizwa ezenzelwe i-fluconazole;
I-Rifampicin;
I-Spironolactone;
Ama-NSAIDs;
I-Triamteren;
Amiloridine.

Ukuhambisana okungekuhle kweLorista nezidakamizwa ezenziwa nge-fluconazole kuyaphawulwa.

Isici seLorista ukuthi sikhulisa umphumela we-beta-blockers, ama-diuretics ne-sympatholytics.

Ama-Analog

Izithasiselo zikaLorista eziqukethe i-losartan yimithi efana ne-Presartan, i-Lozarel, i-Kardomin-Sanovel, iBlocktran, i-Lozap, i-Vazotens, i-Lozartan-Richter, i-Kozaar ne-Lozartan-Teva.

Ukufakwa esikhundleni kweLorista kungaba izidakamizwa eziyinkimbinkimbi. Lokhu kufaka iLortenza, GT Blocktran, Losartan-N Canon, Lazarel Plus, Gizaar neGizaar Forte.

Asikho isidakamizwa iLorista Plus. Ukulungiswa okuyinkimbinkimbi, i-Lozap AM, equkethe i-losartan ne-amlodipine kuyathengiswa.

Umkhiqizi

Abakhiqizi beLorista nezimpawu zayo yiRussia, iGerman, iSlovenia, i-Iceland (Vazotens), i-USA, iNetherlands, iKorea kanye ne-United Kingdom.

Omunye wabakhiqizi beLorista nezimpawu zayo yiRussia.

Imibandela yekhefu lekhemisi

Umuthi uthengiswa kuphela ngomuthi onikezwe wona.

Intengo kaLorista

Izindleko zeLorista zivela kuma-ruble ayi-130. Izintengo ze-Analog ziyehluka kusuka kuma-ruble angama-80. (I-Losartan) kuze kufike kuma-ruble angama-300. futhi phezulu.