Ama-pancreas ayisitho esiyingqayizivele, futhi hhayi kuphela ngokusebenza kwawo, kepha futhi nasekhaya, isakhiwo sokwakheka. Lesi yisitho sangaphakathi se-parenchymal, esiqukethe izicubu ezi-glandular nezisebenzayo, sinethiwekhi yemigqa eminyene nemithambo yegazi.
Ochwepheshe bezokwelapha baphawula ukuthi i-pancreas ibonakala njengesitho esidakayo. Lesi sitatimende sisuselwa ekungaqiniseki ukuthi isitho sangaphakathi sizophatha kanjani ngemuva kwesizinda sokungenelela okuhlinza ngenxa yokulimala kakhulu kwephanco noma umunyu.
Ingabe ukuhlinzwa kwe-pancreatic kuyingozi empilweni? Ukuhlinzwa inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi futhi ende. Ngeshwa, izibalo zibonisa izinga eliphezulu lokufa kweziguli.
I-prognosis yokwelapha ibangelwa ukuxilongwa okufika ngesikhathi, isigaba se-pathology, iminyaka yobudala besiguli kanye nesimo sayo jikelele. Ngemuva kokungenelela, isikhathi eside siyadingeka ekubuyiselweni kanye nasekuvuseleleni umuntu lowo.
Izici zomsebenzi kanye nezinkomba
Lapho ebuzwa ukuthi ngabe ukuhlinzwa kwe-pancreatic kwenziwa, impendulo inguyebo. Kodwa-ke, ukukhohlisa kwenziwa ngenxa yezizathu eziqinile zokwelashwa. Uma okungenani kunethuba elilodwa lokugwema le nqubo, odokotela nakanjani bayayisebenzisa.
Ama-pancreas ngasikhathi sinye abhekisisa ohlelweni lokugaya nolwe-endocrine, enezingxenye ezintathu - umsila, ikhanda nomzimba.
Njengoba ama-pancreas enezicubu ze-glandular futhi ezixhumekile, inamanethiwekhi amaningi aminyene we-ducts nemithambo yegazi, lokhu kuyenza ibe nzima le suture, kwandise amathuba wokopha, ukwenzeka kwama-fistulas.
Ngenxa yokujikeleza kwegazi okuhlanganyelwe ne-duodenum 12, kweminye imidwebo, ukususwa kwezitho ezimbili kuyadingeka, noma ngabe kuthinteka eyodwa kuphela kuzo.
Umsebenzi unobunzima bawo, njengoba isitho sangaphakathi sitholakala eduze nokubalulekile 
izakhiwo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi isango lezinso, i-aorta, izindunduma ze-bile, i-vena cava ephakeme, imithambo yegazi. Kungahle kube nezinkinga ngenxa yokuhlinzwa. Isibonelo, ama-enzyme wokudla akhiqizwayo ayakwazi ukuziphatha ngolaka izicubu zawo.
Lapho uhlinzwa ezithweni eziseduze kunobungozi obuthile bokuqhamuka nokuqina kwepancreatitis.
Ukuhlinzwa kwe-pancreatic kunezinkomba ezilandelayo:
- Izinqubo zokuvuvukala okubabazekayo, i-peritonitis, izicubu ze-izicubu.
- Ama-pathologies abonakala ngezinkinga eziningi ze-purulent.
- Ukwakheka kokufakwa kokufakwa emzimbeni ezindumbeni zamanyikwe.
- I-cyst, ehambisana nobuhlungu obukhulu.
- I-pancreatitis engapheli kwisizinda sobuhlungu obukhulu.
- Ama-Tumor neoplasms wemvelo ebabayo ne-benign.
- I-pancreatic necrosis.
Izici zesitho sangaphakathi zidinga uhambo olulinganiselayo ngodokotela. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa kuphela ngokuba khona kwezinkomba ezibalulekile, lapho ukwelashwa okulondoloziwe kuholele ekuhlulekeni.
Izinhlobo zokungenelela kokuhlinzwa
Ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngokwecebo noma ngokwezimpawu eziphuthumayo. Lapho sikhona kwezimpawu ze-peritonitis, ukopha, ukunqatshelwa akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele. Isibonakaliso esiphuthumayo esiphelele siyindlela ye-necrotic ye-pancreatitis, ehambisana ne-foci yezilonda ezihlanzekile.
Ukuhlinzwa kwe-pancreatic necrosis ethelelekile - i-laparotomy evulekile, i-necondolaomy (susa izicubu ze-necrotic), ukukhipha umbhede wombhede we-postoperative. Ezimweni eziningi, ngemuva kwesikhathi esifushane, kuyadingeka ukuthi usebenzise indlela ye-laparoscopic futhi, ngoba kuyadingeka ukususa izicubu ezifile futhi.
I-Pancreatic Frey inqubo evamile yokuhlinzwa. Inqubo yokwenza kabusha ikhanda lesitho, ngenkathi i-duodenum igcinwa.
Izinhlobo:
- Ukususa i-gland (resection) inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu yokuhlinzwa edinga udokotela ohlinzayo ofanele kakhulu, ngoba udokotela uvame ukwenza izinqumo ezidingekayo lapho sekuhlinzwa. Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuhlinzwa? Ngokwesilinganiso, kuthatha amahora angama-7-9 wesikhathi.
- I-subtotal pancreatectomy - khipha kuphela ingxenye yesitho sangaphakathi. Kusele ingxenye encane kuphela, etholakala e-duodenum.
- I-pancreatectomy ephelele - susa ama-pancreas ngokuphelele, kuyilapho indawo ye-duodenum ithunjiwe. Izinkomba: Izilonda ezibanzi ezinobungozi, ukukhuphula njalo kwe-pancreatitis engamahlalakhona. Ukugwema ukuvela ngokuphelele ezigabeni zokuqala ze-pancreatitis, kunconywa i-peritoneal dialysis.
- Ukwelashwa kokuhlinzwa kwama-cysts kwenziwa kusetshenziswa i-laparoscopy. Izinzuzo: kubekezelelwe kahle, izinkinga ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kwe-pancreatic kukhula ngokuqabukela kakhulu. Inqubo yenziwa ngaphansi kokuphathwa kokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound.
Ukungenelela kwesifo sikashukela se-pancreatic kusiza ukulungisa izinqubo ze-metabolic. Ukufakelwa kwepancreatic kwenziwa kwabanesifo sikashukela kanye nokufakelwa kwama-islet cell of tis izicubu ezenzeka. Ezimweni eziningi, imisebenzi enjalo yenziwa emtholampilo yangasese, izindleko ziyehluka kakhulu. Musa ukwenza ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
Ukungenelela okunjalo kuyadingeka ngoba isifo sikashukela siholela ekukhuleni kwezinkinga zesifo sikashukela - iziguli ziba yizimpumputhe, zihluleke ngokwehluleka kwezinso, i-gangrene kanye nokuphazamiseka kohlelo lwethambo. Izethulo ezahlukahlukene ezenziwa ngodokotela maqondana nalezi zinkinga zingatholakala kwi-Intanethi.
Inqubo yokuhlinzwa esondelene:
- Isiguli sithola i-anesthesia kanye nezivuseleli zemisipha.
- Ukudalulwa kwamanyikwe.
- Ukususa uketshezi lomzimba esikhwameni sokufaka, esihlukanisa isitho esiswini.
- Ukugqobhoza indawo yokuphumula.
- Ukuvula nokuxhuma kwe-hematomas.
- Uma kunokuqhuma kwe-pancreatic, khona-ke ama-suture enziwe ezindaweni ezilimele, futhi ama-pancreatic ducts ayalungiswa.
- Ngezinkinga ngomsila, ingxenye iyavunyelwa.
- Uma ushintsho luthinta ikhanda, susa ingxenye ngengxenye ye-duodenum.
- Ukudonsa ibhokisi lamanzi
Ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kodokotela kungenziwa nge-necrectomy - izicubu ze-necrotic zivezwa, i-resection (ukususwa okuphelele noma okuyingxenye), ukukhipha kwe-abscesses ne-cystic neoplasms.
Isikhathi sokusebenza
Njengoba kunikezwe imiphumela emibi engahle ivele, isiguli kufanele sibe sesigumbini sokunakekelwa esibanzi, lapho kunakekelwa khona umuntu siqu. Ngemuva kokungenelela ngenxa ye-pancreatitis eyingozi, izinkinga zangaphambili zivame ukubonwa, ngakho-ke, emahoreni angama-24 ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, isimo sesiguli kufanele siqashwe ngokucophelela.
Ikakhulu, ukubalwa kwegazi, umfutho wegazi, ukugxilwa koshukela egazini, imingcele ejwayelekile yomchamo, ukukala izinga lokushisa komzimba. Kwezinye izimo, i-radiography kanye nokuhlaziywa kwe-hemoglobin ye-glycated kwenziwa. Ngosuku lwesibili ngemuva kokukhohliswa kokuhlinzwa, isiguli sidluliselwa eMnyangweni wokuhlinzwa, lapho kwenziwa khona ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile, lapho sithola khona umsoco nokwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi.
Isikhathi sokuhlala kwesiguli esibhedlela siyahlukahluka kusuka enyangeni kuya kwesibili. Lesi sikhathi siyadingeka ukuze uhlelo lokugaya luhambisane nesimo esisha futhi libuyele emsebenzini ogcwele.
Ekhaya, kuyadingeka ukunikeza isiguli ukuphumula kombhede nokuphumula okuphelele. Kubalulekile ukulala ngemuva kwesidlo sakusihlwa, ukudla kokudla (ungadla kuphela imikhiqizo evunyelwe udokotela). Ngemuva kwamasonto amabili, ungaphuma ngaphandle, ukuhamba amafushane kuyamukeleka. Iziguli ezine-pancreatic pathologies zinesisindo esingaphansi kwesisindo, ngakho-ke imenyu kufanele ilinganise, isiza ukuthola isisindo.
Imigomo ejwayelekile yokwelashwa kwe-postoperative:
- Ukudla kahle.
- Ukwelashwa kwe-insulin ukwenza ushukela wegazi ube ngokwejwayelekile.
- Ukuthatha izithasiselo ze-enzyme ezisiza ukuthuthukisa ukugaya.
- Imikhuba yosuku emnene.
- Ukwelapha ukuzivocavoca.
- Ukukhwabanisa.
I-prognosis ngemuva kokuhlinzwa ihlangene. Ukubuyisela izingxenye ezisusiwe akunangqondo. Ukubikezela ngokuyinhloko kuya ngokuthi iyiphi ingxenye yama-pancreas eyekwe. Ngokuphikisana nesizinda sokususwa komsila, umphumela omuhle uvame ukubonwa, futhi isifo sikashukela nokugaya ukudla kungagwenywa. Uma, ngaphezu kwengxenye yesitho, i-spleen ibonakalisiwe, khona-ke ubungozi be-thrombosis kanye nokwehla kwesimo sokuzivikela komzimba kuyakhuphuka.
Ezimweni lapho kwenziwa khona i-pancreatitis, ochwepheshe bazotshela kule vidiyo ekulesi sihloko.
