Kumuntu ophile saka, ushukela ophakathi nomchamo kufanele ube ngu-2.8 mmol. Uma inani lawo lenyuke futhi izinkomba zizobe zingaphezulu kwe-3%, lokhu kukhombisa ukwephulwa ekusebenzeni kwezimpawu zezinso. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-glucose ihlala umchamo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi wehlisa kanjani ushukela emapayipini omzimba.
Igama lesimo esinjalo lapho kutholakala ukuthi ushukela kumchamo yi-glucosuria. Unganquma ukuba khona kwayo ekhaya, usebenzisa imichilo yokuhlola noma elabhorethri. Kodwa ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okuqondile futhi ukhombe izimbangela zokukhuphuka kwe-glucose kumchamo, kuyadingeka ukudlulisa ukuhlaziywa komchamo ushukela.
Kepha kungani amazinga egazi kanye nomchamo ungakhuphuka? Yiziphi izimpawu zalesi simo futhi izinkomba zingaqondiswa kanjani?
Izimbangela nezimpawu
Ukuthola ukuthi kungani ushukela umchamo unyuke, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi luyini umkhawulo wezinso. IGlucosuria iyatholakala lapho ikhuphuka. Imvamisa, kubantu abadala abanempilo, umbundu wezinso awudluli i-10 mmol / L, enganeni - eyi-12,65 mmol / L, futhi kumuntu osekhulile izinkomba zayo ziyehliswa.
Kwezifo zezinso, ezibonakaliswa ukonakala kwezibucubu zabo, ezibuyisela ushukela egazini kusuka kumchamo oyinhloko, umkhawulo wezinso uyancipha. Lokhu imbangela yoshukela emchameni.
Esikhathini sikashukela (renal), inani loshukela osegazini lingahlala lijwayelekile noma lincishiswe, kepha kuningi kwalo kumchamo. Kwezokwelapha, lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi yi-glucosuria. Kungenzeka lapho okuqukethwe ushukela kumchamo kuphezulu kakhulu futhi uma umkhawulo kashukela wegazi ungwedlwanga ngisho nangasemuva kokuthuthukiswa kwe-hypoglycemia.
Uhlobo Iabetes mellitus luyimbangela ehamba phambili yokwanda kwe-glucose kumchamo. Izimpawu zokuthuthuka kwalesi sifo ukugcwala okukhulu kwe-glucose emchameni kanye nenani elinciphile likashukela egazini.
IGlucose ingena emfudlaneni wegazi ngokusebenzisa izigaxa zezinso ngokusebenzisa amandla e-enxmein hexokinase. Kuhlobo 1 sikashukela mellitus, i-enzyme isebenza nge-insulin futhi isiguli sinomkhawulo ophansi wezinso. Ezigulini, izinqubo ze-sclerotic ezisezinso ziyaqina futhi ushukela umchamo awutholakali, kanti ukuhlolwa kwegazi kukhombisa ukuba khona kwe-hyperglycemia.
Kepha imvamisa isizathu esenza ukuthi kube noshukela omningi kumchamo yi-glucosuria yesikhashana yomzimba. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zemibandela:
- Okwe-Alimentary. Kubonakala ngokukhuphuka okukodwa kwezinga likashukela emchameni, ngokwesibonelo, ngemuva kokuhlukumezeka kokudla kwe-carbohydrate.
- Okwe-Pathological. Umchamo, ushukela uyanda lapho amazinga alo esephezulu kakhulu egazini.
- Emotional I-Glucosuria yenzeka ngenxa yemizwa enamandla nokucindezelwa.
Uma ushukela ukhona kumchamo, izimbangela zalesi simo zingalala lapho kukhona ukwephulwa okukhulu ekusebenzeni kwezinso, i-Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome, hyperthyroidism, encephalitis, pancreatitis, ukuvuvukala kwezinso, isithuthwane nokungasebenzi kahle kwengqondo. Ezinye izinto ezithinta izinga likashukela kumchamo ukulimala kobuchopho kobuhlungu, okubangela ukucasuka kohlelo lwezinzwa, isifo sikaGirke, kanye nezimo ezibuthaka.
Kwesinye isikhathi i-glucosuria iba lapho inobuthi ngamakhemikhali (chloroform, morphine, phosphorus). Ezinye izinto ezisikhathazayo ngukuqina kwemisipha, ukusetshenziswa kwama-sedative nama-analgesics, ukuhlukunyezwa kwe-carbohydrate, ukwelashwa kwe-hormonal.
Kungani kuphakama ushukela wengane? Uma kunoshukela emchameni, okujwayelekile ezinganeni akufanele kudlule ku-2.8 mmol / l. Lapho ingane ithela ushukela kumchamo ngemuva kokudla okuqukethe ama-carbohydrate asheshayo, lokhu kuyinkomba yokuthi abazali kudingeka bashintshe imithetho yokudla kwengane futhi basuse ukudla okungenampilo ekudleni. Kepha ezinganeni, ukubonakala koshukela emchameni, njengakwabadala, kungabangelwa izifo ezahlukahlukene (isifo sikashukela, isifo sokuqina kwengqondo, i-encephalitis).
Kuboniswa kanjani i-glucosuria? Izimpawu zalo zivame ukuvela kusifo sikashukela sohlobo 1. Zihambisana nokwanda kwe-glucose egazini, elibizwa nge-glycemia.
Isimo somtholampilo sibonisa i-glucosuria ne-hyperglycemia:
- ukukhathala;
- ukwanda okungenasisekelo noma ukwehla kwesisindo;
- umlomo owomile
- izifo ezithathelwanayo ezijwayelekile zomgudu womchamo;
- ukoma
- umsebenzi ophansi womzimba.
Uma izindlela zokunciphisa ushukela kwabashukela zingathathwanga ngesikhathi, khona-ke inkambo yalesi sifo izoba nzima. Ngefomu lesifo esithuthukile, ukuhlolwa komchamo ushukela kukhombisa ukuba khona kwezidumbu ze-ketone (acetone).
Izimpawu zefomu elinamandla le-hyperglycemia engapheli i-polyuria nokuqwashisa okungasebenzi kahle.
Ungayibona kanjani i-glucosuria ekhaya?
Ngabe kukhona izindlela zokuthola ngokushesha i-glucosuria ngaphandle kwezimo zomtholampilo? Ukuba khona ushukela emchameni kunganqunywa ngokuzimela kusetshenziswa imichilo yokuhlola.
Ukulinganisa kusekwe kwindlela ye-glucose oxidase. Ukwakheka okusebenzayo kwesinkomba kuqukethe ama-enzymes we-peroxidase ne-glucose oxidase.
Imichilo yokuhlola yenziwa ngezinhlobo ezintathu zemichilo yenkomba (25, 50, 100). Esilula kakhulu isethwe No. 50, kanti inani lemichilo kulo lihlala izinsuku ezingama-30.
Umugqa wokuhlola uyisilinganiso se-reagent esilungele ukusetshenziswa esisetshenziswa substrate yepulasitiki. Lapho ukusabela kwenzeka, inkomba ephuzi, etholakala ku-1 mm kusuka emaphethelweni, ipendwe ngombala othile. Imiphumela ihunyushwa ngokulandelayo: uma kungekho-glucose umchamo, lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi impendulo ithi cha, nombala womucu wokuvivinya uhlala ungashintshiwe.
Futhi isho ukuthini le nkomba lapho umbala we-strip ushintsha usuka kokuluhlaza kuya kokuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka? Lokhu kukhombisa umphumela omuhle. Ukuhlushwa okushukela okuphezulu kakhulu kumchamo, okunqunywa yimichilo yokuhlola, kungu-112 mol / l.
Ukuhlaziywa komchamo ukuze ushukela uthembeke, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani imichilo yokuhlola kahle:
- Ngokucwaninga, kunconywa ukuthatha u-30 ml womchamo wasekuseni, oqoqwe inani eliphakeme amahora angama-2 ngaphambi kokuhlaziywa. Uma uketshezi selugcinwe isikhathi eside, akunangqondo ukuluyisa elebhu, ngoba imiphumela izokwethenjwa.
- Ngaphambi kocingo, zonke izinqubo zokuhlanzeka kumele zenziwe.
- Umucu wokuhlola osuswe ku-tube kufanele usetshenziselwe imizuzu engama-60.
- Into yenkomba akufanele ithintwe.
- Imichilo ifakwa kwi-tube yokuhlola enomchamo imizuzwana emi-2, bese ibekwa endaweni ehlanzekile, eyisicaba.
Imiphumela izokwaziwa ngemizuzu engu-1-2 ngemuva kocwaningo, ngokuchaza kwayo, umbala owumphumela uqhathaniswa netafula elibekwe ecaleni lepensela.
Izifundo zemitholampilo ezinquma ushukela kumchamo, ukutolika kwazo
Kunezinhlobo ezi-2 eziphambili zokuqoqwa komchamo ukuze kutholakale ushukela kulo - ekuseni nansuku zonke. Okufundisa kakhulu isifundo sansuku zonke.
I-algorithm yokuqoqa umchamo ayinzima. Emini, uketshezi luqoqwe esitsheni esikhulu. Kuyachanywa umchamo wokuqala ekuseni. I-bioametharil eqoqwe igcinwa esiqandisini emazingeni okushisa afinyelela kuma-8 degrees.
Ngemuva kosuku, uketshezi olusembizeni luhlanganiswa futhi luchithululelwe esitsheni esincane esinomthamo we-100-200 ml. Ukuze kuhlolwe umchamo ushukela ukuze unikeze imiphumela enokwethenjelwa, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi unganikela kanjani futhi uqoqe ama-biometric ngendlela efanele.
Izitsha zokuqoqa i-Liquid kumele zome futhi zihlanzekile. Umchamo ohloselwe isifundo esijwayelekile uvunyelwe ukugcinwa amahora angama-1.5. Ethangi, kuboniswa imingcele efana nesisindo, ukuphakama kanye nenani lomchamo owabiwe ngosuku ku-milliliters.
Uma udokotela ohambile eyala ukuba kuqoqwe umchamo kashukela oqoqwe ekuseni, khona-ke i-algorithm yokuqoqa imi kanje: I-30-40 ml ye-ketshezi eqoqwe ekuseni iqoqwe esitsheni esincane. I-Biomaterial iyiswa elabhorethri kungakapheli amahora ayi-6 iqoqwe.
Kumuntu ophile kahle, ama-diuresis ngosuku ayi-1200-1500 ml. Uma inani lidlulile, kutholakala ukuthi i-polyuria iyatholakala.
Kusho ukuthini lokhu? Lapho ukuhlaziya kukhombisa ukweqisa kwenamba evumelekile yomchamo, kwenziwa izifundo ezengeziwe. Ukubonakala komthwalo wamanzi kujwayelekile kubantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo lokuqala noma lwesibili.
Uma impilo yesiguli ivamile, umchamo wayo unombala ophuziwe. Ngomthunzi ogcwele, kwenziwa ezinye izivivinyo ukuze kutholakale imbangela yokugcinwa kwamanzi kwizicubu. Umchamo onenkomba ejwayelekile yoshukela (kuze kufike ku-0,02%) akufanele ube ne-acetone, phosphates nezinye izinto.
Nge-Type 2 sikashukela mellitus noma ifomu layo eliya nge-insulin, izinso zivame ukuthinteka. Ngakho-ke, i-creatinine ilinganiswa ngaphezu kwalokho ezigulini. Umuthi ungumkhiqizo wokugcina womsebenzi obalulekile womzimba otholakala ngesikhathi sokuphendula kwe-biochemical eziphathelene nezinqubo zamandla.
I-Creatinine isibonakaliso esibalulekile esikhombisa izinga lomsebenzi wezinso, isibindi, nezinye izinhlelo nezinhlaka. Ukuqoqwa kwento kunqunywa ukuhlolwa kwegazi nge-biochemical kanye nokuhlolwa komchamo ushukela.
Imithetho yokuqoqa umchamo iyafana nalena echazwe ngenhla. Imiphumela yokuhlola ikhombisa izinga lento kanye nenani le-creatinine elikhishwe emzimbeni ngamahora angama-24.
I-Creatinine inqunywa ubulili nobudala. Isimo sezinto zansuku zonke emadodeni umchamo sifinyelela ku-2000 mg noma sifike ku-17,7 mmol ilitha linye, kwabesifazane - 600-1800 mg noma 5.3-15.9 mmol / l.
Amanani wansinine ejwayelekile we-urinine nsuku zonke nge-1 kg yesisindo, kuya ngeminyaka:
- Izinsuku ezingama-1-4 zibalwa ngazinye ngokuya ngefomula ekhethekile;
- kuze kube unyaka owodwa - ama-microsol angama-71-177;
- 1 - iminyaka engu-1 - 14 - 4 mm mm;
- Kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-18 - ama-micromoles angama-71-265.
Ushukela we-urine kushukela, njenge-creatinine, awukhuphuki njalo. Kepha uma umphumela wokuhlaziya uqinisile, kukhombisa ukulimala kwezinso. Le nkinga ingabizwa ngokuthi yi-diabetesic nephropathy. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi wehlisa kanjani ushukela kumchamo, ozosiza ukunciphisa inani le-creatinine futhi, ngakho-ke, umise ukuqhubeka kwe-nephropathy.
Ungawususa kanjani ushukela emchameni?
Amazinga aphezulu kashukela egazini nomchamo ayingozi ekwakheni izinkinga eziningi. Ngakho-ke, labo abathole i-glucosuria, udinga ukwazi ngezindlela ezisetshenziswa ekususeni ushukela emithanjeni yemvelo.
Ungasusa kanjani ushukela emchameni? Ukudla okufanele kusiza ushukela ophansi womchamo. Ukusuka ekudleni kuyadingeka ukususa ukudla okugcwele ama-carbohydrate asheshayo, othosiwe, okubabayo kanye namafutha. Kunconywa ukufaka imikhiqizo yemenyu yansuku zonke esisusa ushukela emzimbeni - imifino, izithelo ezimuncu, okusanhlamvu, amakhambi, izinhlobo zokudla zenyama nezinhlanzi.
Labo abanoshukela omningi kumchamo wabo kufanele balahle ngokuphelele utshwala, iziphuzo ezinoshukela, iziphuzo kanye nemilutha yemilutha. Ungawehlisa kanjani ushukela womchamo ngokuzivocavoca? Ezemidlalo ziwusizo kakhulu kwabanesifo sikashukela, ngoba iguqula izinqubo ze-metabolic, futhi futhi ikwazi ukunciphisa isisindo.
Ngisho noshukela emchameni uyakhululwa usebenzisa izidakamizwa ze-hypoglycemic ne-insulin. Ukukhethwa kwezidakamizwa ezilwa nesifo sikashukela kukhulu impela, ngakho-ke, uma ushukela kutholakala umchamo, udokotela okukhona kuphela okufanele anikeze ukwelashwa.
Ungawehlisa kanjani ushukela wegazi ngokushesha amakhambi abantu? Ukwenza umuntu abe ne-glucosuria ne-hyperglycemia azizwe engcono, basebenzisa izindlela zokunye zokwelapha ezisehlisa izinga le-glucose emzimbeni.
Uma kutholakele ushukela umchamo, sebenzisa:
- usinamoni
- ama-herbal decoctions (i-nettle, i-dandelion, i-stevia);
- amabhlogo;
- imbewu ye-oat.
Isazi, kuvidiyo ekulesi sihloko, sizokhuluma ngezimbangela, izimpawu nokwelashwa kwe-glucosuria.
