Abantu abahlonziwe bazibonele mathupha ukuthi yini umqondo wesifo sikashukela njengesiqalo sokuqothuka kwezithandani. Kuliqiniso, lesi simo sisebenza ngohlobo 1 sikashukela.
Yini i-honeymoon yesifo sikashukela, futhi imaphi amaphuzu asemqoka okudingeka awunake.
Thayipha i-1 mellitus yesifo sikashukela, njengomthetho, iziveza kubantu abasha (kuze kube iminyaka engamashumi amabili nanhlanu) noma ezinganeni. Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-pathology kwenzeka ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle ekusebenzeni okuvamile kwamanyikwe.
Njengoba kungumzimba lo obhekele ukwenziwa kwe-insulin ye-hormone ngenani ledingekayo emzimbeni womuntu. Njengomphumela wentuthuko yalesi sifo, amaseli e-beta ayachithwa bese i-insulin ivinjelwe.
Izizathu eziphambili zentuthuko
Phakathi kwezimbangela eziphambili ezingadala ukubonakaliswa kwenqubo ye-pathological yilezi:
Isakhi sofuzo noma ifa elinamandla kungavusa ukukhula kwesifo enganeni uma omunye wabazali enalesi sifo. Ngenhlanhla, le nto ayiveli kaningi ngokwanele, kepha yandisa ubungozi besifo.
Ukuxineka kakhulu noma ukuphazamiseka kwemizwelo kwezinye izimo kungasebenza njenge-lever ezothuthukisa ukukhula kwesifo.
Izimbangela zalokhu kuvezwa kufaka phakathi izifo ezithathelwanayo ezisanda kutholwa, ezibandakanya i-rubella, iminyuzi, ihepatitis noma i-chickenpox.
Ukutheleleka kuthinta kabi wonke umzimba womuntu, kepha amanyikwe aqala ukuhlupheka kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, amasosha omzimba womuntu aqala ngokuzimela ukubhubhisa amaseli alesi sitho.
Izici eziyinhloko zokwelashwa kwezidakamizwa ze-pathology
Akunakwenzeka ukuthi ucabange ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa okungabandakanya ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela ngaphandle kwe-insulin.
Iziguli ezinalokhu kutholwa ziba ngokuya ngemijovo enjalo ukuze zikwazi ukuphila ngendlela ejwayelekile.
Ukwelashwa kwe-insulin kusetshenziswa yiwo wonke umuntu, kungakhathalekile ukuthi ingane iyisiguli noma umdala. Kungafaka la maqembu alandelayo e-hormone elawulwayo yohlobo lwe-1 mellitus:
- I-insulin emfishane ne-ultrashort. Umphumela womjovo wokujova ubonakala ngokushesha okukhulu, ngenkathi unesikhathi esifushane somsebenzi. Enye yezidakamizwa kuleli qembu yi-Actrapid, eqala ukwenza futhi yehlise ushukela wegazi imizuzu engamashumi amabili ngemuva komjovo. Umphumela wayo ungahlala amahora amabili kuya kwamane.
- I-hormone yokuvezwa okuphakathi isetshenziswa ekwelashweni, ngoba inamandla okunciphisa ukufakwa kwe-insulin egazini lomuntu. Ummeli waleli qembu lezidakamizwa yiProtafan NM, umphumela oqala ukubonakala ngemuva kwamahora amabili ngemuva komjovo futhi uhlala emzimbeni amanye amahora ayisishiyagalombili kuya kwayishumi.
- I-insulin esebenza isikhathi eside ihlala isebenza usuku nosuku kuze kube ngamahora angamashumi amathathu nesithupha. Umuthi ophathisiwe uqala ukusebenza cishe amahora ayishumi kuya kwayishumi nambili ngemuva komjovo.
Usizo lokuqala, oluzonciphisa ngokushesha ushukela wegazi, lususelwa kwizenzo ezilandelayo:
- Kunikezwa umjovo oqondile we-insulin. Njengomthetho, izidakamizwa zaleli qembu zine-ultrashort nemiphumela ephezulu, isetshenziswa njengosizo lokuqala. Ngasikhathi sinye, kumuntu ngamunye, kulungiselelwa okokwelashwa ngakunye.
- Kusetshenziswa imishanguzo yomlomo esiza amazinga aphansi kashukela.
Izigaba zokuqala zokwelashwa kwe-insulin zingadala i-honeymoon yesifo sikashukela.
Umongo wokubonakaliswa kwesikhathi sokuxolelwa
I-honeymoon ngokuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 ibizwa nangokuthi isikhathi sokuxolelwa kwalesi sifo. Le pathology ibonakaliswa njengomphumela wokusebenza okungafanele kwamanyikwe futhi hhayi ukukhiqizwa kwawo kwe-insulin ngenani elidingekayo. Le nto yenzeka ngenxa yokunqotshwa kwamaseli e-beta.
Okwamanje lapho kutholakala isiguli, cishe amaphesenti ayishumi esamba sazo sisebenza ngokujwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, amaseli we-beta asele awakwazi ukukhiqiza inani elifanayo le-hormone njengangaphambili. Izimpawu eziphambili zesifo sikashukela i-mellitus ziqala ukuzibonakalisa:
- ukomela okuphezulu kanye nokudla okuphezulu koketshezi
- ukukhathala nokunciphisa umzimba ngokushesha.
- ukukhulisa isifiso sokudla kanye nesidingo samaswidi.
Ngemuva kokuthi ukuxilongwa kusungulwe, isiguli sinqunywa inkambo yokwelashwa kwe-insulin. Ngakho-ke, umzimba uqala ukuthola inani elidingekayo le-hormone kusuka ngaphandle, ngendlela engaphandle.
Ngemuva kwenkathi ethile, engazibonakalisa ezinyangeni ezimbalwa, isithombe esilandelayo siyabonakala - ukuphathwa kwe-insulin ngamanani wangaphambilini kunciphisa ushukela ngaphansi kwamazinga ajwayelekile futhi i-hypoglycemia iqala ukuvela.
Ukuchaza lesi simo silula - amaseli e-beta athola usizo lwawo ngendlela yemijovo engapheli ye-insulin, enikeze ithuba lokunciphisa umthwalo owedlule.
Lapho sebephumulile, baqala ukuthuthukisa imithamo ye-hormone edingekayo emzimbeni, yize iqiniso lokuthi leyo njongo iyaqhubeka nokuza ngemijovo. Ngenxa yezenzo ezinjalo, kukhuphuka izinga le-insulin emzimbeni, okucindezela ukwehla kwamazinga kashukela egazini ngaphansi kokujwayelekile.
Lokhu kusabela okuvikelayo komzimba, kulwa nawo wonke amandla alo ngaphandle kosizo lwezokwelapha ngokumelene nama-antibodies anolaka akhiqizwa emzimbeni. Ukuwohloka kancane kancane kwendlala kwenzeka, futhi lapho amabutho engalingani (amasosha omzimba ewina, izinga le-insulin egazini liyancipha), i-honeymoon yesifo sikashukela iyaphela.
Kuze kube manje, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokuxolelwa noma izikhathi ezithambile zesifo sikashukela.
Ukuxolelwa ngokuphelele kungenzeka ngamaphesenti amabili azo zonke iziguli futhi kuqukethe ukuyeka ngokuphelele imijovo ye-insulin
Ushukela wokuxolelwa okuyingxenye - isidingo se-insulin yokujova sihlala. Kulokhu, umthamo uncishiswa kakhulu. Njengomthetho, amayunithi we-0,4 wesidakamizwa ngekhilogremu ngayinye yesisindo sesiguli anele.
Yisiphi isikhathi sokuxolelwa esingaqhubeka?
Isikhathi sokuxolelwa kuncike ezintweni ezahlukahlukene futhi kungahlala ngokwesilinganiso kusuka enyangeni eyodwa kuya kwezintathu. Amacala ajwayelekile kancane lapho i-honeymoon ihlala unyaka owodwa. Isiguli siqala ukucabanga iqiniso lokuthi lesi sifo sehlile noma ukutholakala kwesifo okungalunganga kwenziwa lapho i-pathology iphinda ifinyelela umfutho.
Into yesikhashana isuselwa ekutheni ama-pancreas afakwa imithwalo esindayo, okuholela ekuncipheni kwawo ngokushesha. Kancane kancane amaseli we-beta asempilweni ayafa, okuvusa ukuhlaselwa okusha kwesifo sikashukela.
Izici ezisemqoka ezingathinta isikhathi sesikhathi sokuxolelwa zifaka lokhu okulandelayo:
- Isigaba seminyaka isiguli esingelakhe. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi lapho umuntu eba umuntu mdala, isikhathi eside kakhulu sokubuyela emuva kwe-pathology singaba. Futhi ngenxa yalokho, izingane ezinenkinga yokuxilongwa kungenzeka zingakuboni ukukhululeka okunjalo.
- Ngokwezibalo zezokwelapha, isikhathi sokuxolelwa kwabesifazane sifushane kakhulu kunokwenzeka okufanayo kwabesilisa.
- Uma isifo sikashukela sohlobo lokuqala sitholakala ezinyangeni zokuqala zokukhula kwalo, okuholele ekwelashweni okufika ngesikhathi kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-insulin therapy, kungenzeka ukuthi kwandiswe isikhathi sezinyosi. Futhi, inkambo sekwelashwa sekwedlule isikhathi iholela eqinisweni lokuthi kunokuphazamiseka okukhulu ezinqubweni ze-metabolic kanye nengozi ekhulayo ye-ketoacidosis.
Izici ezithinta isikhathi sokuxolelwa zifaka phakathi i-c-peptide ephezulu.
Ungayandisa kanjani isikhathi sokuxolelwa?
Kuze kube manje, azikho izindlela ezithile nezindlela zokwandisa isikhathi sokuxolelwa. Ngasikhathi sinye, ochwepheshe bezokwelapha batusa ukunaka izinto eziningana.
Njalo qaphela impilo yakho futhi uqinise ukungazethembi. Kusukela, isifo sikashukela sivame ukubonakaliswa ngenxa yezifo ezingamahlalakhona ezingapheli, okuholela ekubonakalisweni kwe-autoaggression. Ngakho-ke, isinyathelo sokuqala sawo wonke umuntu onesifo sikashukela kufanele kube ukuhlanzeka kwezindawo ezithintekile - ukugwema ukubanda ngezikhathi ezithile, umkhuhlane.
Ukubambelela ngokuqinile kokudla okudingayo kuzonciphisa umthwalo kuma-pancreas, wona, ozokwenza umsebenzi wamaseli we-beta osindile. Imenyu yansuku zonke akufanele ifake inani elikhulu lama-carbohydrate angagayeka kalula nokudla okungavunyelwe.
Kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukungena njalo kokudla emzimbeni ngezingxenye ezincane. Kungakho odokotela behlale bencoma ukudla cishe amahlandla ayisihlanu ngosuku ngaphandle kokudla kakhulu. Ukuhlukumeza ngokweqile kufanele kubhekwe ngokucophelela, ngoba lokhu kwandisa kakhulu umthwalo kumanyikwe.
Ukudla ukudla okungekho emthethweni noma okunoshukela kuzokwenza amazinga akho eglucose akhuphuke ngokushesha. Kumele kwaziwe ukuthi ukugcina ukudla okudla amaprotheni kushukela kuhlale kudlala indima ebalulekile. Ukwehluleka ukuhambisana nezincomo kuzoholela ekutheni amaseli we-beta asele ayeke ukukhiqiza i-insulin edingekayo yomzimba.
Ukuqala ngesikhathi kwenkambo yokwelapha. Kumele kwaziwe ukuthi kuleli cala, kufanele uthembele ngokuphelele kudokotela ohambelayo. Futhi, uma uchwepheshe wezokwelapha enquma inkambo yokwelashwa kwe-insulin, kusho ukuthi isiguli sidinga lezo zinyathelo.
Akufanele ukholelwe ukukhangisa kwanamuhla noma izindlela eziyisimangaliso zomuthi ohlukile, othembisa ukwelapha i-pathology ezinsukwini ezimbalwa futhi ngaphandle kokuthatha umuthi. Kuze kube manje, ayikho indlela yokuqeda ngokuphelele ushukela wohlobo 1 sikashukela naphakade.
Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa isikhathi esinjalo sokuxolelwa ukuze unciphise inani lemijovo futhi uvumele umzimba ukuba ubhekane wedwa.
Ukwelashwa kwangaphambili kwalesi sifo, ukusetshenziswa kwemijovo ye-insulin kusiza ukwandisa isikhathi sokuxolelwa.
Yimaphi amaphutha enziwa ngenkathi kuxolelwa?
Elinye lamaphutha aphambili enziwa cishe yizo zonke iziguli ukwenqaba ukuthatha imijovo ye-insulin. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi kunezimo ezingavamile lapho, ngesincomo sikadokotela, ukuyeka okuphelele kwesikhashana kokuphathwa kwama-hormone kuvunyelwe. Njengomthetho, lokhu kungamaphesenti amabili awo wonke amacala. Zonke ezinye iziguli kudingeka zinciphise inani le-insulin yangaphandle, kodwa hhayi ukuliyeka ngokuphelele.
Lapho nje isiguli sithatha isinqumo bese siyeka ukuphatha i-insulin, isikhathi sesikhathi sokuxolelwa sincishiswa kakhulu, ngoba amaseli we-beta ayeka ukuthola ukwesekwa abakudingayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma unganciphisi inani lemijovo nomthamo we-insulin, lokhu kungaholela nasemiphumeleni emibi. Amanani amakhulu e-hormone azobonakala ngokushesha ngendlela yokuthuthuka kwe-hypoglycemia yesikhashana kanye nokwehla okukhulu emazingeni kashukela egazini. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukubonisana nodokotela wakho futhi ubuyekeze imithamo ekhona ye-insulin.
Uma isiguli sitholakala sine-Type 1 sikashukela mellitus, lokhu kusho ukuthi ukuqashwa njalo nokwenziwa njalo kwamazinga kashukela kuzodingeka. Ukusiza abanesifo sikashukela beze ekuthengeni i-glucometer, ezohlala ikuvumela ukuthi ulandelele ukufundwa kwe-glucose. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuthi ubone ngesikhathi esifanele ukuba khona kwe-honeymoon, unwebe esikhathini esizayo futhi ugweme imiphumela emibi engaba khona.
Imininingwane esiteji sokuxolelwa sikashukela inikezwe kuvidiyo kule ndatshana.
