Phakathi kwezindlela zaselabhorathri zokuxilonga isifo sikashukela, indima ebalulekile idlalwa yi-glucose tolerance test (GTT), ibizwa nangokuthi ijika leshukela. Lolu cwaningo lususelwa ekuphenduleni kwezinto zokusebenza ezingemuva kokusetshenziswa kwamanani amakhulu eglucose. Le ndlela iseyintsha, kodwa iyasebenza kakhulu.
Isivivinyo esisebenza kalula nesivamile sokumelana ne-glucose umthwalo owodwa wama-carbohydrate. Isampula legazi lokuqala lithathwa esiswini esingenalutho, khona-ke isiguli kufanele sisebenzise u-75 g we-glucose, ngaphambili owawuhlanjululwe emanzini afudumele. Uma umuntu enokukhuluphala, kuzodingeka aphuze aze afike ku-100 g yesisombululo.
Ngemuva kwamahora ama-2 ngemuva kokuthatha ushukela, isampula yegazi iyaphinda ithathwe, uma kuqhathaniswa nengxenye yokuqala. Kuyinto ejwayelekile uma umphumela wokuqala ungeqi ku-5.5 mmol / L. Eminye imithombo ikhombisa ukugcwala koshukela wegazi - 6.1 mmol / L.
Lapho ukuhlaziywa kwesibili kukhombisa izinga likashukela lokufika ku-7.8 mmol / L, leli nani linikeza isizathu sokubhalisa ukwephulwa kokubekezelelwa kwe-glucose. Ngezinombolo ezinkulu kune-11.0 mmol / L, udokotela wenza ukuxilongwa kwesifo sikashukela ekuqaleni.
Kodwa-ke, isilinganiso esisodwa sikashukela sokuqinisekisa ukuphazamiseka kwe-carbohydrate asanele. Ngokubheka lokhu, indlela ethembekile kunazo zonke yokuxilonga isilinganiselo se-glycemia okungenani izikhathi ezi-5 emahoreni amathathu.
Izimiso nokuphambuka kokuhlola
Umkhawulo ophezulu wesilinganiso esivamile sokuhlolwa kokubekezelela kwe-glucose ngu-6.7 mmol / l, ongaphansi uthatha inani lokuqala likashukela, umkhawulo ophansi ocacile wesimo esifundweni awukho.
Lapho sehlisa isivivinyo somthwalo, sikhuluma ngazo zonke izinhlobo zezimo ze-pathological, kufaka ukwephulwa kwe-carbohydrate metabolism, ukumelana noshukela. Ngezifundo zakamuva zesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, izimpawu zibonakala kuphela lapho kuvela izimo ezingezinhle (ukucindezelwa, ukudakwa, ukuhlukumezeka, ubuthi).
Uma i-metabolic syndrome iba khona, ifaka izinkinga zempilo eziyingozi ezingadala ukufa kwesiguli. Izifo ezifana nalezi zifaka phakathi i-myocardial infarction, umfutho we-arterial hypertension, ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-coronary.
Okunye ukwephula umthetho kuzobandakanya:
- umsebenzi ngokweqile we-gland yegilo, i-pituitary gland;
- zonke izinhlobo zokuphazamiseka komsebenzi olawulayo;
- ukuhlushwa kwesistimu yezinzwa ephakathi;
- isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa
- izinqubo zokuvuvukala kumanyikwe (i-acute, chronic).
Ukuhlolwa kokubekezelela kwe-glucose komlomo akuyona isifundo esijwayelekile, noma kunjalo, wonke umuntu kufanele azi ijika lakhe likashukela ukuthola ubunzima obukhulu.
Ukuhlaziywa kumele kwenziwe ngesifo sikashukela esiqinisekisiwe.
Ngubani okufanele abe ngaphansi kokulawulwa okukhethekile
Ukuhlolwa kokubekezelela kwe-glucose kukhonjiswa ikakhulu kwiziguli ezisengozini yesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Akubalulekanga kangako ukuhlaziya kwezimo ze-pathological zesimo esenziwa njalo noma esimweni esithile, okuholela ekuphulweni kwe-carbohydrate metabolism, ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela.
Kugxilwe kakhulu kubantu abanezihlobo zabo zegazi esele zinesifo sikashukela, zikhuluphele, umfutho wegazi ophakeme kanye nokukhubazeka kwe-lipid metabolism. Udokotela we-endocrinologist uzonikeza ukuhlaziya nge-glucose yezilonda zamathambo we-atherosulinotic, arthritis ye-gouty, hyperuricemia, inkambo ende ye-pathology yezinso, imithambo yegazi, inhliziyo nesibindi.
Usengozini futhi ukwanda okuvela ku-glycemia, ukulandela ushukela umchamo, iziguli ezinomlando wokubeletha osindayo, ngemuva kweminyaka yobudala engama-45, nezifo ezingalapheki, i-neuropathy ye-etiology engaziwa.
Ezimweni ezibaliwe, ukuhlolwa kokubekezelela kumele kwenziwe noma ngabe izinkomba zokuzila ze-glycemia zingaphansi kwemingcele ejwayelekile.
Okungathinta imiphumela
Uma umuntu esolwa ngokumelana nokukhubazeka kwe-glucose, i-insulin ayikwazi ukuguqula ushukela omningi, kudingeka azi ukuthi izici ezahlukahlukene zingathinta umphumela wokuhlolwa. Izinkinga zokubekezelela i-glucose kwesinye isikhathi zitholakala kubantu abangenaso isifo sikashukela.
Isizathu sokwehla kokubekezelela siyoba umkhuba wokudla kakhulu amaswidi kanye nama-confectionery, iziphuzo ezimnandi zekhabhoni. Naphezu kokusebenza okusebenzayo kwemishini yokufakelwa, izinga loshukela egazini liyakhuphuka, futhi ukumelana nakho kuyehla. Ukuzivocavoca okukhulu komzimba, ukuphuza utshwala, ukubhema ugwayi onamandla, ukucindezela kwengqondo ngokwengqondo ngosuku olwandulela ucwaningo kunganciphisa futhi ukumelana ne-glucose.
Abesifazane abakhulelwe ohlelweni lokuziphendukela kwemvelo bathuthukise indlela yokuvikela ngokumelene ne-hypoglycemia, kepha odokotela bayaqiniseka ukuthi kulimaza kakhulu kunokuhle.
Ukuphikiswa kwe-glucose kubuye kuhambisane nokukhuluphala, abanesifo sikashukela abanothile. Uma umuntu ecabanga ngempilo yakhe futhi aqhubeke nokudla okune-carb ephansi:
- uzokwamukela umzimba omuhle;
- kuthuthukisa inhlala-kahle;
- yehlisa amathuba okuba nesifo sikashukela.
Izifo zepheshana lesisu zithinta izinkomba zokuhlolwa kokubekezelela, isibonelo, i-malabsorption, motility.
Lezi zinto, yize ziyizibonakaliso zomzimba, kufanele zenze umuntu acabange ngempilo yakhe.
Ukushintsha imiphumela ngendlela embi kufanele kuphoqe isiguli ukuthi siphinde sicabange ngemikhuba yokudla, sifunde ukulawula imizwa yaso.
Ungayithatha kanjani futhi uyilungiselele
Ukuthola umphumela onembile, ukulungiselela okulungile kohlolo lokubekezelela i-glucose kubalulekile. Okwezinsuku ezintathu, kuyadingeka ukunamathela enanini elinconyiwe lama-carbohydrate, kepha asikho isidingo sokushintsha imodi ejwayelekile yokuphumula, umsebenzi kanye nokuzivocavoca umzimba.
Ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, umuntu kufanele athathe ukudla okokugcina kungakadluli amahora angu-8 kusihlwa, amahora angu-12 ngaphambi kokufunda kudingekile ukunciphisa imikhawulo yotshwala, ukubhema, ikhofi emnyama eqinile. Kungcono ukungazithwesi umthwalo ngokuzivocavoca ngokweqile, ukuhlehlisa ezemidlalo nezinye izinqubo ezisebenzayo zokuphila kahle.
Ngobusuku benkambiso, kunconywa ukweqa ukuthatha imithi ethile: ama-hormone, ama-diuretics, ama-antipsychotic, ama-adrenaline. Kwenzeka ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwegazi likashukela kuhambisane nesikhathi sokuya esikhathini kwabesifazane, khona-ke kungcono ukukudlulisela izinsuku ezimbalwa.
Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kokubekezelela kwe-glucose ingahle ibe ingalunganga uma kudluliselwe izinto ezibonakalayo:
- ngesikhathi semizwa;
- ekuphakameni kwesifo esithathelwanayo;
- ngemuva kokuhlinzwa;
- ne-cirrhosis yesibindi;
- ngenqubo yokuvuvukala ku-hepatic parenchyma.
Umphumela wamanga kwenzeka ngezifo ezithile zomgudu wokugaya ukudla, ezenzeka ngokwephula ukusetshenziswa kweglucose.
Izinombolo ezingalungile zibonwa nge-potassium encishisiwe egazini, ukungasebenzi kwesibindi, kanye nezifo ezithile ezimbi zohlelo lwe-endocrine.
Isigamu sehora ngaphambi kokusampula igazi, isiguli kufanele sizihlalele kahle, sicabange ngokuhle, sixoshe imicabango emibi.
Kwenzeka ukuthi ekuhlolweni kokubekezelela kuyadingeka ukuphatha i-glucose ngaphakathi. Ukuhlolwa nokuthi kwenziwa nini futhi kanjani, isinqumo kufanele senziwe udokotela oholayo.
Kwenziwa kanjani ukuhlolwa kokubekezelela ushukela?
Isikhathi sokuqala bathatha igazi ukuze lihlaziye ushukela wesisu ongenalutho, imiphumela yocwaningo ithathwa njengedatha yokuqala. Ngemuva kwalokhu, kuyadingeka ukusula i-glucose powder eyomile (300 ml yamanzi ayixutshwe no-75 g we-glucose), thatha isisombululo ngasikhathi. Awukwazi ukuthatha imali eningi, inani eliqondile le-glucose likhethiwe ngokuhlukile, umthamo uncike esimweni sesiguli (isisindo, ubudala, ukukhulelwa).
Imvamisa, isiraphu enoshukela edliwe esiswini esingenalutho ivusa ukuhlaselwa kwenhliziyo kumuntu. Ukuvimbela ukusabela okungathandeki okunjalo okuvela eceleni, kuyadingeka ukufaka i-asidi encane ye-citric kusixazululo noma kufafaza ijusi kalamula. Uma unenkinga efanayo, thenga i-glucose yokuhlola ukubekezelela i-glucose nokunambitheka kwalamula, kubalulekile futhi ukuyizalela ngamagremu amanzi angama-300. Ungathenga isivivinyo ngqo emtholampilo, intengo ishibhile.
Ngemuva kokusebenzisa lesi sidakamizwa, isiguli kudingeka sihambe eduze kwelebhu isikhathi esithile, ngemuva kokuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukubuya futhi sinikele ngegazi futhi, umsebenzi wezokwelapha uzotshela. Kuya ngesilinganiso nobuningi besampula yegazi ukuze kuhlaziywe.
Ngeshwa, ucwaningo lungenziwa ekhaya. Ukuhlolwa kwe-glucose okwenziwe ngokulinganayo ukuhlaziya ushukela wegazi. Isiguli singakwazi, ngaphandle kokushiya indlu nge-glucometer:
- Nquma ushukela wokuzila ukudla
- ngemuva kwesikhashana, sebenzisa amanye ama-carbohydrate;
- yenza isivivinyo sikashukela futhi.
Ngokwemvelo, akukho ukuhlelwa kokuhlaziywa okunjalo; azikho izihlanganisi zokuhumusha ijika leshukela. Kuyadingeka nje ukuqopha imiphumela yokuqala, uyiqhathanise nenani elitholile. Ekuqeshweni okulandelayo nodokotela, lokhu kuzosiza udokotela ukubona isithombe esiqondile se-pathology, ukuze esimweni esibolekisiwe sesifo sikashukela, sithathe izinyathelo ezifanele.
Ukuxhumana kokuhlolwa kokubekezelela i-glucose - izifo ezithathelanayo nezivuvukelayo, imiphumela yokwephula lo mthetho ukuthola umphumela ongamanga. Kuzo zonke ezinye izimo, inqubo yokuxilonga ingenziwa ngaphandle kwemikhawulo, ukuhlolwa kuyadingeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-glucose ngomthwalo wokubuyekezwa ongakufunda kwi-Intanethi kwenziwa ekuseni ngesisu esingenalutho.
Izici Zokubalwa KweShukela Curve
Ezimweni zaselebhu, ijika le-glycemic elitholwe ngemuva kokuhlolwa kwegazi isikhathi esithile futhi libonisa indlela yokuziphatha kashukela emzimbeni (ukuncipha noma ukwanda), kusiza ukubala ukukhiqizwa kwe-hyperglycemic.
Kwisifo sikashukela, i-coquffi ye-Baudouin ibalwa ngokuya ngesilinganiso sezinga likashukela eliphakeme kakhulu (inani eliphakeme) ngesikhathi sokuhlaziywa komphumela wokuqala wokuzila kwegazi. Isimo soshukela wegazi sibhekwa ku-coefficient ebangeni kusuka ku-13 kuye ku-1.5.
Kukhona enye i-coefficient, ibizwa nge-post-glycemic noma i-Rafalsky. Kuyisilinganiso sikashukela wegazi ngemuva kokudla isixazululo sikashukela ekugxiliseni ushukela egxili. Ezigulini ngaphandle kokulimazeka kwe-carbohydrate metabolism, umphumela awudluleli ngaphezu kwe-0.9 - 1.04.
Uma umuntu onesifo sikashukela kwesinye isikhathi efuna ukuvivinya ngokuzimela ukubekezelela i-glucose esebenzisa i-electrochemical glucometer ephathekayo, kufanele abhekele ukuthi izindlela ezikhethekile ze-biochemical zokuhlola imiphumela yocwaningo zisetshenziswa emitholampilo. I-glucometer eyenzelwe kuphela ukuhlaziya okusheshayo inganikeza imiphumela engamanga futhi idide isiguli.
Ungasithatha kanjani isivivinyo sokubekezelela i-glucose echazwe kuvidiyo kule ndatshana.
