Abaningi banesifiso sokuthi bangayithatha kanjani iMetformin ukuze bakwazi ukufeza umphumela omuhle kakhulu wokwelapha.
Ukuze uphendule lo mbuzo, kufanele utadishe imiyalo yokusebenzisa umuthi ngokuningiliziwe futhi uthole izeluleko kudokotela we-endocrinologist.
Umuthi uyatholakala ngesimo samathebulethi, okuyizinhlobo ezintathu kuye ngomthamo: 500, 850 no-1000 mg. Isakhi esiyinhloko esiqukethwe umuthi yi-metformin. Abaphathele ukwakheka kwalo muthi yi-magnesium stearate, crospovidone, povidone K90, talc, isitashi sommbila.
I-Metformin, noma i-metformin hydrochloride imele isigaba se-Biguanide, esisiza ukuqeda i-hyperglycemia, okungukuthi, ukwanda kweglucose yegazi. Umuthi onjalo uthathwa ikakhulukazi ngohlobo lwesibili sikashukela. Ngokuvamile, isiguli esiphuza umuthi sizodedelwa ngezimpawu ze-hypoglycemia, ngoba izinqubo ezilandelayo zizokwenzeka emzimbeni:
- Ukwanda kokufakwa kweglucose yizicubu zomzimba.
- Yehlisa inqubo yokuhlukanisa amafutha nama-protein.
- Ukuqunjelwa okusheshayo kwe-glucose emgodini wokugaya kanye nokuguqulwa kwayo kube yi-lactic acid.
- Ukuvinjwa kokukhishwa kwe-glycogen esibindini.
- Ukuqedwa kokumelana ne-insulin.
- Ukugqugquzelwa kokuqongelelwa ushukela esibindini.
- I-cholesterol, ethinta kahle isimo se-lipids.
IMetformin cishe ayinawo umthelela ekusebenzeni kwamanyikwe, okhiqiza i-insulin. Umuthi awukwazi ukuholela kwi-hypoglycemia - ukwehla kokuxineka kwe-glucose egazini.
Imiyalo yokusebenzisa umuthi
Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa iMetformin, udinga ukwazi ukuthi yiziphi izindlela ezisetshenziselwa zona.
Kulokhu, kungcono ukulandela izincomo zikadokotela obeka lo muthi, kucatshangelwa izici zesiguli ngasinye.
Izinkomba zokunquma umuthi yilezi:
- isifo sikashukela i-mellitus sohlobo lokuqala nolwesibili;
- i-prediabetes (isimo esiphakathi nendawo);
- ukukhuluphala ngokubekezelelwa kwe-insulin;
- isifo se-ovary se-cleopolycystic;
- i-metabolic syndrome;
- kwezemidlalo;
- ukuvimbela ukuguga komzimba.
Ngaphandle kohlu olubonakalayo lwama-pathologies ongaphuza kuwo iMetformin, imvamisa ithathwa ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Ngohlobo lokuqala lwesifo, lesi sidakamizwa sisetshenziswa kakhulu kakhulu, ikakhulukazi njengokungezwa kokwelashwa kwe-insulin.
Ucwaningo oluningi luveze ukuthi ngenkathi uthatha umuthi kanyekanye ngemijovo ye-insulin, isidingo se-hormone sincipha cishe ngama-25-50%. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngemuva kokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwesidakamizwa, isinxephezelo se-carbohydrate metabolism siyathuthuka. Iphinde isetshenziswe ohlotsheni lwesibili sikashukela, oludinga umjovo we-insulin.
Ohlelweni lwesibili lwesifo, iMetformin ichazwe cishe kuwo wonke amacala. Ngesikhathi se-monotherapy, umthamo kufanele unyuswe kancane kancane. Ngakho-ke, ekuqaleni kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa ithebhulethi eyi-1 ngosuku (500 noma 850 mg). Kungcono ukuthatha umuthi kusihlwa, kepha ukuze ugweme ukuphazamiseka kwendlela yomthambo, kunconywa ukuphuza amaphilisi lapho udla ukudla kabili ngosuku - ekuseni nakusihlwa.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umthamo wesidakamizwa ungakhuphuka ngokubonisana nodokotela ngaphambi kwalokho. Umthamo omkhulu ngosuku kufanele ungabi ngaphezu kwe-2,5 mg, okungukuthi, isiguli singathatha amaphilisi ama-2-3 ngosuku. Ngemuva kwamasonto amabili, i-carbohydrate metabolism iqala ukubuyela kokujwayelekile. Ngemuva kokufinyelela ushukela ojwayelekile wegazi, umthamo ungancishiswa kancane.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-drug Metformin ne-sulfonylurea kungakhiqiza imiphumela emihle yesikhathi esifushane. Kepha umzimba womuntu usheshe ukujwayela lolu hlobo lwezidakamizwa. Ngakho-ke, i-monotherapy eneMetformin ingaba nemiphumela ehlala njalo. Kodwa-ke, kuma-66% eziguli ezinesifo sikashukela, le nhlanganisela yezidakamizwa ejwayelekile i-carbohydrate metabolism.
I-Metformin igcinwa emazingeni okushisa angeqi ku-25 ° C kude namehlo ezingane. Impilo yeshelf umuthi iminyaka emi-3.
Contraindication kanye nemiphumela emibi
Ngaphambi kokuthatha lesi sidakamizwa, kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi singathathwa yisiguli. Njengezinye izidakamizwa, iMetformin inezinto ezithile eziphambana, ezifana:
- isikhathi sokuzala ingane;
- ukuncelisa;
- iminyaka yezingane ifinyelela eminyakeni eyi-10;
- uphuzo oludakayo;
- i-pathology yezinso, isibindi, inhliziyo nesistimu yokuphefumula;
- isifo sikashukela noma idlozi likashukela;
- i-lactic acidosis yangaphambili noma ukuqagela kuyo;
- ukudla okuphansi kwekhalori;
- ukulimala kwangaphambilini nokungenelela okungathi sína kokuhlinzwa.
Kufanele kugxile kakhulu kwi-lactic acidosis - ukunqwabelana kwe-lactic acid. Ezinye izimo zingaholela ekukhuleni noma ekuqineni kwe-lactic acidosis:
- ukungasebenzi kahle kwezinso, ngenxa yalokho, ukungakwazi ukubeka i-asidi;
- ukudakwa kwe-ethanol ngenxa yotshwala obungamahlalakhona;
- ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo nokuphefumula;
- isifo esithinta amaphaphu;
- izifo ezithathelwanayo ezikhipha umzimba emzimbeni - ukuhlanza, uhudo, umkhuhlane;
- i-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela (umkhuhlane we-carbohydrate metabolism);
- i-myocardial infarction.
Umuthi othathwe ngokungafanele (i-overdose) ungadala imiphumela emibi emiguli, ngokwesibonelo:
- ukugaya ukudla okucasulayo - isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, ukubhuqa, isisu, ukunambitheka kwensimbi, ukuncipha noma ukungabikhona kokudla ngokuphelele;
- ukungahambi kahle komzimba - ukuqubuka kwesikhumba nokulunywa;
- I-lactic acid coma iyivelakancane, kepha ngasikhathi sinye ubunzima obunobungozi.
Ngokuyisisekelo, ukusabela okungekuhle kuya ngokuya wedwa ngemuva kwamasonto amabili aphuze lo muthi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umuthi uvimbela ukumuncwa kwe-glucose emathunjini. Ngenxa yalokhu, ama-carbohydrate aqala ukuvutshelwa kuwo, abangele ukugcwala, bese kuba nezinye izimpawu zokuphazamiseka kwepheshana lesisu. Imvamisa umzimba uvame ukusetshenziswa ngomuthi, futhi uma ukusabela okungekubi kunzima kakhulu ukukubekezelela, ngakho-ke akukho ukwelashwa okubonakalayo okufanele kwenziwe.
Ngaphambi kokuthatha iMetformin, isiguli kufanele sikhulume ngawo wonke ama-pathologies abekhona futhi akhona, ngoba ukufihlwa kwemininingwane ebalulekile kangako kungalimaza isiguli.
Ukusetshenziswa kwesidakamizwa ukukhuluphala
Abantu abaningi abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili lwesifo bakhuluphele noma banamafutha amaningi.
Ezimweni ezinjalo, ukusetshenziswa kweMetformin kungaba nomthelela omuhle ekunciphiseni isisindo kwesiguli. Kepha ukuze kungalimazi umzimba wakhe, onesifo sikashukela kufanele alandele izincomo ezinjalo:
- Inkambo yokwelapha akufanele ihlale isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezingama-22.
- Ukuthatha amaphilisi, isiguli kufanele siphile impilo esebenzayo.
- Ukuthatha umuthi kuhambisana nokuphuza kakhulu.
- Ukwelapha kunciphisa ukudla okwenziwa yisiguli.
Nsuku zonke, isiguli esinesifo sikashukela kufanele senze imisebenzi ethile yomzimba, noma ngabe kuyasebenza, ukuhamba, ukubhukuda, i-volleyball, ibhola nokuningi. Kusukela ekudleni kuzodingeka ukhiphe imikhiqizo yokubhaka, amakhekhe, ushokoledi, ujamu, uju, izithelo ezimnandi, ukudla okunamafutha nokuthosiwe.
Udokotela ngokuzimela unquma umthamo womuthi ogulayo. Akunakwenzeka ukubandakanyeka ekwelashweni ngokwakho, ngoba lokhu kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi. Futhi, isetshenziswa ngabantu abangakhuluphele, kepha bathambekele ekugcwaleni.
Imvamisa, umthamo wezidakamizwa kubo uphansi kancane.
Amanani nezifanekiswane zomuthi
Umuthi ungathengwa kunoma iyiphi ikhemisi edolobheni noma u-oda online online. Njengoba iMetformin ikhiqizwa yizinkampani zemithi ezihlukene zasekhaya nezangaphandle, intengo ingahluka kakhulu.
Isibonelo, uma umenzi wesidakamizwa eyinkampani yaseRussia, khona-ke izindleko zayo, ngokuya ngomthamo, zingaba ngama-ruble ayi-112 kuye kwangama-305. Uma umenzi esePoland, khona-ke izindleko zomuthi osemkhakheni weRussia Federation zisukela kuma-ruble ayi-140 kuye kwangama-324. Umuthi ungowokudabuka eHungary endaweni yamaRussian Federation kusuka kuma-ruble ayi-165 kuye kwangama-345, ngokuya ngenani lezinto ezisebenzayo kulelithuluzi.
Intengo yalo muthi yamukelekile kubantu abathola imivuzo ephakathi nephansi. Ngakho-ke, umuthi ungakhethwa ngokususelwa kumphumela olindelekile wokwelapha kanye namakhono wezezimali omthengi. Ngakho-ke, awukwazi ukukhokha ngaphezulu umuthi obizayo ozoba nomphumela ofanayo noweshibhile.
Njengoba lo muthi ukhiqizwa emazweni amaningi, ungaba nezimpawu eziningi, isibonelo, iGliformin, iMetfogamma, iBagomet, iFomlinpliva nokunye. Kukhona neminye imishanguzo efanayo esebenzayo engathathwa uma iMetformin ngesizathu esithile ingakulungele ukwelapha isiguli. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
- IGlucophage isidakamizwa esisebenzayo ekwelapheni isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 nokukhuluphala. Inezakhiwo ze-hypoglycemic. Lezi zifundo zikhombisile ukuthi ukuthatha lo muthi kunciphisa izinga lokufa kwabantu kusuka kwisifo sikashukela ngamaphesenti angama-53, ukumalwa kwe-myocardial - ngo-35%, unhlangothi - ngo-39%. Intengo ephakathi (500 mg) ngama-ruble ayi-166.
- ISiofor esinye isidakamizwa esihle sokwehlisa ushukela wegazi. Isici saso ukuthi umuthi ungahlanganiswa nama-sulfonylureas, ama-salicylates, ama-insulin nabanye. Ukwelashwa okuphelele kuzothuthukisa imiphumela ebilindelekile. Izindleko ezijwayelekile (500 mg) ngama-ruble angama-253.
Iziguli eziningi zizibuza ukuthi imuphi umuthi ongcono kakhulu. Eqinisweni, iningi lezidakamizwa liqukethe into esebenzayo - i-metformin, umehluko usezintweni ezisizayo, ngakho-ke cishe zinomphumela ofanayo ekwelapheni isifo sikashukela.
Ukubuyekezwa kweziguli mayelana neMetformin
Ukubuyekezwa ngokusetshenziswa kwesidakamizwa iMetformin ezimeni eziningi kuyakhanya.
Iziguli eziningi ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 zibona ukwehla kokuxineka kwegazi glucose emazingeni ajwayelekile futhi kuzigcina zisezingeni elifanayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinzuzo zaleli thuluzi yilezi:
- indlela elula yamathebulethi okumelwe agwazwe futhi ahlanzwa ngamanzi;
- ukusetshenziswa kwenzeka kanye noma ekuseni nakusihlwa;
- kunani eliphansi lomuthi.
Abathengi abaningi babike nokulahlekelwa kwesisindo ngenkathi bethatha iMetformin. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, udinga ukunamathela emithethweni eminingana: dlala ezemidlalo, ulandele ukudla, uphuze uketshezi oluningi, ukhawulele ekudleni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukudla izithelo nemifino engafakiwe, okudla kalula ama-carbohydrate, ukudla okune-fiber.
Kwesinye isikhathi ungathola ukubuyekezwa okungalungile kweziguli mayelana nalesi sidakamizwa. Zihlotshaniswa ikakhulu nokusabela okuphambene nomuthi. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, imiphumela eminingi emibi ihamba yodwa ngemuva kokulashwa amasonto amabili, ngoba umzimba kumele ujwayele esenzweni se-metformin.
I-Metformin ikhambi elihle kakhulu elisetshenziselwa ukwehlisa amazinga kashukela kuhlobo 1 nohlobo 2 sikashukela. Isetshenziswa njengesengezo ekwelapheni i-insulin, futhi njengesidakamizwa esikhulu esinciphisa ushukela ohlotsheni lwesibili lwe-pathology. Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa umkhiqizo, ukubonisana nodokotela okuphoqelekile kuyadingeka, okuzocabanga ngakho konke ukwe-contraindication futhi kunqume nomthamo ofanele.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, iMetformin ayithengiswa ngaphandle kokuthola umuthi. Eqinisweni, ukuphikisana kanye nokuphendula okuhlukile kwesidakamizwa kuncane kakhulu, futhi ukubonakaliswa kwabo akuvamile kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, ukubukezwa mayelana nomuthi muhle. Ngakho-ke, lesi sidakamizwa singabhekwa njengeingenangozi futhi sisebenza.
Kunoma yikuphi, ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa kufanele kuhambisane nokuqapha njalo kwamazinga kashukela kusetshenziswa i-glucometer, ukusebenza ngokomzimba kanye nokufakwa ngaphandle kokudla okunamafutha nokuthosiwe, namakhekhe, amaswidi ekudleni. Ukulandela yonke le mithetho kuphela, isiguli sizokwazi ukufeza umphumela wesikhathi eside wezidakamizwa futhi sigcine izinga likashukela wegazi ebangeni lamanani ajwayelekile.
Imithetho yokusebenzisa iMetformin kuzoxoxwa ngayo kule vidiyo ekulesi sihloko.
