ILantus iyi-insulin enciphisa ushukela. I-Glargine isebenza njengento esebenzayo, iyi-analogue ye-insulin yabantu, engancibiliki kahle endaweni yokungathathi hlangothi. Uma kwakhiwa umuthi, i-glargine ichithwa ngokuphelele ngenxa yokuba khona kwendawo ekhethekile ene-acidic.
Ngesikhathi sokuphatha kwe-subcutaneous, i-acid ayithathi hlangothi futhi kwakhiwa ama-microprecipitates, lapho kukhululwa khona kancane kancane i-insulin Lantus ngemali encane. Ngenxa yohlelo olunjalo, umuntu onesifo sikashukela awunakho ukuguquguquka okubukhali emazingeni e-hormone, ubukhazikhazi buthinta umzimba kahle, futhi ushukela uyancipha kancane kancane. Ngakho-ke, isenzo se-insulin siqhubeka isikhathi eside.
I-glargine ye-izidakamizwa esebenzayo inamandla afanayo wokusebenzisana nama-insulin receptors njenge-insulin yomuntu. Umuthi usiza ukusheshisa ukufakwa kwe-glucose ngamafutha nangamasipha izicubu, ngenxa yokuthi ancishiswa amazinga kashukela we-plasma. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo muthi uvimbela ukukhiqizwa kwe-glucose okusebenzayo esibindini.
Izici zesidakamizwa
Okokuqala, i-insulin esebenza isikhathi eside I-Lantus ilawula i-carbohydrate metabolism futhi ithuthukise i-glucose metabolism. Lapho usebenzisa umuthi, ukusetshenziswa kukashukela kusheshiswa ngamathishu omzimba, ngenxa yalokho, amanani eglucose ayancipha. I-ejenti ye-hormonal ikhuthaza ukukhiqizwa okusebenzayo kwamaprotheni emzimbeni futhi ngasikhathi sinye kuvimbela i-lipolysis, i-proteinolysis kuma-adipocytes.
Ukusebenza kahle kwe-insulin ye-insulin Lantus kuncike ebukhona bezici ezinjengokuzivocavoca umzimba, ukudla nokugcina impilo esebenzayo. Uma umuthi uphathwa ngokuhlinzwa, i-glargine isebenza ngendlela efanayo ne-insulin yabantu.
Ngesikhathi sokuphathwa kwe-Lantus, ukutholakala kancane kancane, yingakho kusetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ushukela kanye ngosuku. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwalelihhotela ebusuku kusiza ukunciphisa kakhulu ubungozi be-hypoglycemia ezinganeni nasentsheni, ngenkathi ushukela evamile.
- Inzuzo enkulu iqiniso lokuthi i-Lantus insulin idonswa kancane, yingakho onesifo sikashukela engenalo iphezulu ekuphathweni kwe-subcutaneous. Uma usebenzisa umuthi kanye nsuku zonke, ngosuku lwesibili noma lwesine ungafinyelela ukuqiniswa ngokulinganayo komuthi. Ngomjovo we-intravenous, i-hormone ikhishwa emzimbeni ngokufana ne-insulin yomuntu.
- Ngesikhathi se-glargine metabolism, kwakheka amakhompiyutha amabili asebenzayo i-M1 ne-M2, ngenxa yokuthi umjovo ongaphansi unomphumela owufunayo. Umuthi unomphumela ofanayo kuma-diabetes, kungakhathalekile iminyaka yobudala yeziguli. Izingane nentsha azange zenziwe ucwaningo lwezakhiwo zomuthi we-pharmacokinetic.
Umuthi ukhishwa ngendlela yesisombululo somjovo, ofakwa kuma-cartridge ama-3 ml. Kunama-cartridge amahlanu kule blister eyodwa; i-blister eyodwa ifakiwe kwikhadibhodi elilodwa. Intengo yesidakamizwa emakhemisi isuka kuma-ruble angama-3500 kuya kwangama-4000, esitolo se-inthanethi umuthi ushibhile.
Ngokuvamile, i-insulin inezibuyekezo ezinhle kakhulu ezigulini eziningi nodokotela abaningi.
Imiyalo yokusebenzisa umuthi
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-insulin Lantus kukhonjiswa kubantu abadala kanye nezingane ezingaphezulu kweminyaka eyisithupha ezitholakala zinesifo sikashukela sohlobo lokuqala. Umjovo ne-ejenti ye-insulin wenziwa kuphela ngokungenamkhawulo, ungalokothi ujovwe umuthi emzimbeni, ngaphandle kwalokho kunobungozi be-hypoglycemia enkulu.
Umphumela wesikhathi eside we-hormone ungatholakala kuphela uma i-insulin ijovwa njalo kusihlwa emafutheni angaphansi. Umphumela owafunayo wokwelapha kusuka ekwelashweni kwezidakamizwa ungatholakala kuphela ngokuphila okuthile nokuphatha okulungile kwomuthi.
Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi umthamo wezidakamizwa kufanele ube malini nokuthi ulufaka kanjani umuthi. Umjovo wenziwa endaweni yendawo yesisu, ithanga noma umsipha odabukisayo. Ngasikhathi sinye, akukho mehluko obonakalayo lapho kufanele ufake khona. Umjovo ngamunye omusha wenziwa kangcono ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kokucasulwa esikhunjeni.
- Ukuzalanisa, i-insulin Lantus ayifanele, ukusetshenziswa kwe-hormone okuhlanganyelwe nezinye izidakamizwa nakho kwenqatshelwe. Ngenxa yesenzo esithatha isikhathi eside, lo muthi uphathwa kanye ngosuku, umjovo unikezwa ngasikhathi sinye - ekuseni, ntambama noma ebusuku. Isilinganiso nesikhathi somjovo kukhethwa udokotela ohambelayo, egxila ezimfanelweni ezithile zomzimba wesiguli.
- Abantu abanesifo sikashukela abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 bavunyelwe ukusebenzisa i-insulin ngenkathi besebenzisa izidakamizwa ze-antidiabetic, ngokwesibonelo, amaphilisi we-Trazent. Lapho usebenzisa i-hormone, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi iyunithi lokusebenza kweLantus lihlukile kuyunithi lokusebenza kwezidakamizwa ezifanayo eziqukethe i-insulin.
- Lapho uphatha abantu asebekhulile ngeLantus, umthamo kufanele ulungiswe ngamunye, ngoba umsebenzi wezinso uphazamiseka nobudala futhi isidingo se-hormone sivame ukuncipha. Kubandakanya isidingo somuthi kuyancishiswa kubantu abangasebenzi kahle kwesibindi. Iqiniso ngukuthi kunokwehla kwe-insulin metabolism kanye nokwehla kwe-gluconeogeneis.
Ungashintshela kanjani ku-glargine nolunye uhlobo lwe-insulin
Uma onesifo sikashukela esebenzisa i-insulin noma insangu yesikhathi esezingeni eliphakathi nesezingeni eliphezulu yokwelashwa, ngesikhathi sokushintshwa eLantus, ukulungiswa komthamo kanye nokubuyekezwa kwerejimeni yokwelashwa eyinhloko kuyadingeka.
Ukunciphisa ubungozi be-hypoglycemia ekuseni noma ebusuku ngesikhathi sokushintsha kusuka ekujozeni kabili kwe-basal insulin kuya komunye injekishini eyodwa, ezinsukwini zokuqala ezingamashumi amabili zokwelashwa, umthamo we-basal hormone uncishiswa ngamaphesenti angama-20-30. Ngaso leso sikhathi, umthamo wehomoni owethulwe ngesikhathi sokudla ukhuphuka kancane. Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-14 - 20, ukulungiswa kwamthamo kwenziwa ngokuhlukile kwisifo sikashukela ngasinye.
Uma kwenzeka ukuthi umuntu onesifo sikashukela abe nama-antibodies kuma-insulin abantu, kubalulekile futhi ukuthi ubuyekeze umthamo womuthi.
Kubandakanya ushintsho lomthamo, uma umuntu eshintsha indlela yakhe yokuphila, wehlise isisindo, uqala ukuzibandakanya ngokuzivocavoca umzimba.
Ungawusehlisa kanjani ushukela we-insulin
I-drug Lantus ingeniswa emzimbeni kuphela ngosizo lwedivaysi ekhethekile - ipeni yesirinji KlikSTAR noma i-OptiPen Pro1. Ngaphambi kokwenza umjovo, kufanele uzijwayeze nemiyalo yokusebenzisa ipeni bese ulandela zonke izincomo.
Uma kwenzeka wephuka, isibambo kufanele sichithwe. Ngenye indlela, ivunyelwe ukuphatha umuthi kusuka kubhasikidi usebenzisa isirinji ye-insulin, isilinganiso sayo singama-100 Units ku-1 ml.
Ngaphambi kokujova, i-insulin cartridge kufanele ibe ekushiseni kwegumbi amahora amaningi. Kubalulekile ukuhlola ngokucophelela ibhodlela ngalinye ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi akukho ukunqwabelana, ukubukeka, umbala nokubonakala kwesixazululo akufanele kushintshe.
Amabhamuza omoya asuswa ekhabetheni ngokuya ngencwadi yemiyalo enamathiselwe. Ukugcwalisa kabusha ama-cartridge ngemoto kuvinjelwe ngokuphelele. Ukugwema ukwethula ngephutha esinye isidakamizwa, udinga ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi isiphi isikejana esetshenziswayo, kulokhu, ibhodlela ngalinye lihlolwa ngokushesha ngaphambi komjovo.
Ukuba khona kwemiphumela emibi kanye ne-contraindication
Ngokuvamile, kuma-diabetes, lapho usebenzisa i-hormone Lantus futhi ungalandeli imithetho eyisisekelo, imiphumela engathandeki ngohlobo lwe-hypoglycemia iyabonakala. Isimo esifanayo senzeka ngemuva kokwethulwa komthamo okweqile womuthi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, umbono wesiguli ungahle uwohloke, kubonakale izimpawu ze-retinopathy, dysgeusia, lipohypertrophy, lipoatrophy. Ukusabela okwenziwa yi-insulin ngendlela ye-edema, ubomvu kwesikhumba endaweni yomjovo, i-urticaria, ukushaqeka kwe-anaphylactic, i-bronchospasm, ne-Quincke edema nakho kungenzeka. Ngenxa yokulibaziseka kwama-ion sodium emzimbeni, umuntu angabuzwa ubuhlungu bemisipha.
Ngokuhlasela njalo kwe-hypoglycemia kwisifo sikashukela, ukusebenza kohlelo lwezinzwa kungaphazamiseka. Ngokuthuthuka isikhathi eside futhi okunamandla kwalesi sifo, kunengozi enkulu yokufa kwesiguli ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
- Ngesikhathi ukwelashwa nge-insulin, ukukhiqizwa kwama-antibodies kumuthi kungaqapheleka. Ezinganeni nasentsheni, izinhlungu zemisipha, ukusabela komzimba, nobuhlungu endaweni yomjovo nazo ziyavela. Kulokhu, ukukhetha okungalungile komthamo kuyingozi ngokulinganayo kubo bonke abadala nasezinganeni.
- I-hormone ayenqatshelwe ukuthatha phambi kokungabekezelelani komuntu ngamunye kwinto esebenzayo eyingxenye yomuthi. Awukwazi futhi ukusebenzisa iLantus ye-hypoglycemia. Izingane zingasiphuza isidakamizwa kuphela lapho zifinyelela eminyakeni eyisithupha.
- Ku-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela, lolu hlobo lwe-insulin alunqunyelwe. Ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kufanele kuthathwe ekwelapheni abantu abane-proliferative retinopathy kanye nokunciphisa imithambo ye-cerebral and coronary. Kubalulekile futhi ukuqapha ngokucophelela isimo sezempilo sabantu asebekhulile abaguqukele ku-insulin yabantu ngezidakamizwa zemvelaphi yezilwane.
Ukufana kwezidakamizwa
I-analogue eyinhloko yesidakamizwa esehlisa ushukela ophakeme, futhi umuntu oncintisana naye ngokusobala yi-insulin Levemir evela enkampanini uNovo Nordisk. Ngokuvamile, cishe yonke insulin yeNovo Nordisk inamazinga aphezulu okusebenza.
Yikuphi i-insulin okufanele uwukhethe - lo mbuzo uhlanganiswa kahle nodokotela wakho.
Le hormone, futhi enokubuyekezwa okuhle, iyakwazi ukungenwa kancane kancane isuka endaweni yomjovo futhi iba nomphumela wesikhathi eside. Lo mphumela ungatholakala ngenxa yokuthi umuthi ungena egazini nasezicubu zamangqamuzana kancane kakhulu.
Njengoba le insulin ingenalo inani eliphakeme lesenzo, ubungozi bokuba ne-hypoglycemia ebusuku kuncishiswe kakhulu. Umjovo ukhishwa kathathu kuya kane ngosuku, umjovo owodwa kumele wenziwe isikhashana phakathi kuka-1 no-3 ekuseni ukuze kulawulwe lesi simo sokusa kokusa.
Ividiyo ekulesi sihloko izonikeza imininingwane ephelele ngeLantus insulin.
