Iseli ngalinye lomzimba womuntu liqukethe ushukela, okuwumthombo oyinhloko wamandla, kuyadingeka ekusebenzeni ngokwanele kwamangqamuzana ezinzwa namangqamuzana abomvu egazi.
Amazinga kashukela wegazi ahlala emikhawulweni ejwayelekile ngenxa yezinqubo zomzimba ze-carbohydrate metabolism, kanye nokusebenzisana kwe-endocrine nezinhlelo ze-neva. Uma kunoshukela omningi egazini, isiguli okokuqala kungenzeka singazizwa izinguquko zesimo noma singaziniki ukubaluleka okubalulekile. Futhi le yinkinga enkulu, ngoba manje umzimba wakhe wenza izinguquko ezibhubhisayo.
Izimpawu eziphambili ze-hyperglycemia ukuchama okuvamisile ngokumelene nesizinda sokwanda kwenani lomchamo osikiwe ngaphandle, ukoma ngokweqile okungapheli, ulwelwesi lwe-mucous emgodleni womlomo, ukukhathala okusheshayo okungajwayelekile, ukwehla okukhulu kwesisindo somzimba, kanye nokuwohloka kwekhwalithi yokubuka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiguli sihlushwa isicanucanu, ukugabha, ukuqina, ikhanda elibuhlungu eliphikelelayo.
Lapho ukushintshashintsha kweglucose kubalulekile, izimo ezisongela impilo zivela. Babonakaliswa ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, ukwehluleka ukuphefumula, ukwehluleka. Uma ungabonisananga nodokotela ngesikhathi esifanele, umuntu angabulawa.
Izimbangela Zoshukela Omkhulu
Ukuhlushwa ushukela kungahluka ngezizathu ezahlukahlukene. Ukwanda kwesikhashana kweglucose kubhekwa phakathi nezinqubo ezahlukahlukene zomzimba, ngokwesibonelo, ngesikhathi sokukhula komzimba noma ngemuva kwesimo esicindezelayo. Le nto ichazwa kalula - esitokisini izinguquko zokushintshaniswa kwamandla.
I-hyperglycemia yesikhashana ingenzeka ngokwanda kwezinga lokushisa lomzimba ngamakhaza, ama-virus kanye namagciwane egciwane, ubuhlungu obuphikelelayo, nokushiswa. Uma umuntu enesifo sokuwa, ushukela wegazi uzokwenyuka futhi lapho ebanjwa.
Kuyinto enye into lapho i-hyperglycemia iphikelela, kungumphumela wezinqubo ze-pathological ezithweni zokugaya, izifo zesibindi. Ushukela ukhuphuka ngokuvuvukala kwezindlala ze-adrenal, ama-pancreas, hypothalamus kanye ne-pituitary gland. Isizathu esikhulu sokwanda kweglucose emzimbeni ushukela.
Iqembu lengozi lifaka iziguli:
- abesifazane abane-ovary polycystic;
- ngezinga elincishisiwe le-potassium egazini;
- nge-hypertension ye-arterial;
- ukukhuluphala, amazinga ahlukahlukene okukhuluphala;
- ngesiphetho sofuzo.
Amathuba aphezulu we-hyperglycemia kulabo besifazane abake bahlaselwa isifo sikashukela somzimba.
Lapho ukwanda kweglucose kuhlotshaniswa noshintsho lokubekezelela (isimo esibizwa nge-prediabetes), ngokubona kwenkinga okufika ngesikhathi, ukuqhubekela phambili kwalesi sifo kungamiswa.
Izimpawu
Izimpawu kashukela wegazi ophakeme zivela kancane, kepha abathandekayo bangakubona kusenesikhathi kakhulu kunesiguli uqobo. Izimpawu ezinjalo zifaka umuzwa ongapheli wendlala ngokumelene nesizinda sokudla okungejwayelekile kanye nokwehla ngokushesha kwesisindo somzimba womuntu.
Isiguli sikhathazeka ngokuxineka, ubuthakathaka obukhulu bemisipha, iba yisidlakudla futhi singacasuki ngokungenangqondo. Ezinye izinkomba zingafaka ukuqina kwezinyawo, izandla, isikhumba esishisayo, i-furunculosis, kanye ne-dermatitis.
Nge-hyperglycemia kubantu, noma yisiphi isilonda siphulukisa isikhathi eside kakhulu kunokujwayelekile, izifo ezithathelwanayo endaweni yofuzo zivame ukuvela, ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane. Kungaba ukuvuvukala, izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane esithweni sangasese sowesifazane. Kwabesilisa abane-high ushukela amandla awabandakanywa.
Kwenzeka ukuthi izinga eliphezulu likashukela lubonwa ngaphandle kwezimpawu, isiguli asiqapheli ukungaphatheki kahle isikhathi eside, kepha isifo sikashukela esisezingeni eliphezulu siyaqhubeka nokukhula. Lesi sifo sitholwa ngengozi, imvamisa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwasesimweni esijwayelekile. Izimpawu zisiza ukusola izinkinga zempilo:
- kwehlise ukungatheleleki kwasendaweni;
- ukulimala kwemikhumbi emincane;
- ukulimala ulwelwesi lwama-mucous, isikhumba.
Ukuhlolwa kokubekezelela i-carbohydrate kusiza ukusungula isifo sikashukela esisebusweni.
Izimpawu zokwanda ushukela wegazi zifaka ukuxilongwa okuphoqelekile komzimba, ukusungulwa kwezimbangela kanye nokuqokwa kokwelashwa okwanele. Uma lokhu kungenziwa, ngokushesha izinguquko ezingalungiseki zizoqala ezithweni nasezithanjeni zangaphakathi, isiguli sizohlushwa i-neuropathy, izifo zesikhumba, ukudangala, izinqubo zokutheleleka kwezifo, ukuphazamiseka kokulala ebusuku nezifo zemithambo.
Kuyadingeka ukufuna izeluleko ngodokotela noma nge-endocrinologist, udokotela azonquma izimbangela zokuphazamiseka emzimbeni, ancome nemithi. Kwesinye isikhathi kwanele ukushintsha indlela ophila ngayo, nemikhuba yokudla.
Esikhathini esiningi samacala, amandla amahle angafinyeleleka ngenxa yokusebenza ngokulingana komzimba, ukukhishwa kwezimo ezicindezelayo.
Futhi kude nezizathu zihlala zikhona eqinisweni lokuthi isiguli sithanda ukudla amaswidi.
Imiphumela, ukuxilongwa kwe-hyperglycemia
Yini esongela ushukela wegazi ophakeme? Imiphumela ye-hyperglycemia ingalungiseki, omunye wayo yi-hyperglycemic coma. Lesi simo se-pathological senzeka ngenxa yokuntuleka kwamandla kumaseli, ukucubungula okusebenzayo kwamaprotheni nama-lipids. Izimpawu eziyingozi kuleli cala zibangelwa ukukhishwa kwezinto ezinobuthi.
I-Hyperglycemia iqala ngokhokho, okuyizimpawu zayo ezikhona: umlomo owomile, ikhanda, ukuchama kaningi, ukulunywa kwe-integument endaweni yofuzo. Ngokwanda kokuxineka kwemizimba ye-ketone, umuntu uphawula isicanucanu, ukugabha, okungalethi mpumuzo. Ingqondo yesiguli iba mnyama, bese ilahleka ngokuphelele.
Ezinye izinkomba kuzoba yisikhumba esomile, ukuphefumula okunomsindo, iphunga elivelayo elisuka emlonyeni, kanye nemikhawulo ebandayo. Ngaphandle kokwelashwa okusheshayo, ukufa kwenzeka.
Ukuthola i-hyperglycemia, izindlela eziningana kumele zisetshenziswe:
- ukuhlolwa kwegazi ushukela;
- isivivinyo sokumelana noshukela;
- Ukuhlaziywa kwezinga le-hemoglobin ye-glycated.
Igazi likashukela linikezwa esiswini esingenalutho, umphumela kufanele uhambisane nemingcele yomzimba, ukwanda kokuxineka koshukela okungaphezulu kuka-5.5 mmol / l kubonisa i-prediabetes. Inkomba engenhla kwe-7.8 mmol / L iyisibonakaliso sesifo sikashukela.
Ukuhlolwa kokubekezelela ushukela ngemuva kokudla umthwalo we-glucose kuzobonisa ukuthi umzimba ungaphatha futhi udonse ama-carbohydrate. Ukuhlolwa kwe-hemoglobin ye-glycated kuyisivivinyo esinembile kunazo zonke sokuthola isifo sikashukela.
Ngenxa yokuhlaziywa, ungabona ukuthi izinga ushukela lishintshe kanjani ezinyangeni ezi-3 ezedlule.
Izindlela zokwelapha
Uma ushukela ukhuphuka, ukwelashwa okusebenzayo kuyadingeka ukunciphisa amathuba okufa. Isinyathelo sokuqala ekwelashweni okunjalo kungaba ukudla okukhethwe kahle, isiguli kufanele sinciphise ukuphuza ama-carbohydrate alula. Isifo sikashukela kanye nokukhuluphala kuvame ukuxhumana.
Lapho kutholakala isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, umuntu ngeke akwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kwezidakamizwa ukuguqula i-glycemia, enesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, kufakwa i-insulin.
Ukudla kukhawulela ukusetshenziswa kwamaswidi, utshwala bungadakwa ngemithamo emincane, uma kunikezwe amandla eglucose. Ukudla kufaka inyama ebusayo, inhlanzi, imikhiqizo yobisi, imifino emisha, izithelo ezingafakiwe.
Odokotela batusa ukunciphisa okuqukethwe kwe-khalori yezitsha, ikakhulukazi uma kunesidingo, ukunciphisa isisindo somzimba, ukugweme ukuzitika ngokweqile. Kuyadingeka ukuphuza amalitha amabili amanzi ngosuku, unciphise inani likasawoti elichithwa.
Kuyadingeka ukulandela iphesenti elilungile lamafutha, amaprotheni nama-carbohydrate: amaprotheni - 15-25%, ama-carbohydrate - 45-50%, lipids - 30-35%. Ngaphandle kwalokho, amazinga eglucose angakhuphuka nangaphezulu.
Akuyona indima yokugcina enikezwe umsebenzi womuntu, uboniswa umthwalo wezinhliziyo nsuku zonke. Umsebenzi onjalo uzosiza ukushisa amafutha ngokweqile futhi uqinise izicubu, ushukela uzoyeka ukuqongelela emikhunjini. Kwanele ukunikeza imfundo yokuzivocavoca imizuzu engu-10-20 ngosuku.
Kuhle kakhulu:
- ukuhamba ngezitebhisi;
- uhamba ngomgwaqo.
Kuyasiza kakhulu ukuphuma ezitobhini ezimbalwa lapho ungamisa khona noma ukwenqaba ngokuphelele ukuhamba amabanga amafushane.
Kunconywa ukuthi kuqashelwe njalo ukugcwala kwe-glucose egazini, ngoba lokhu kufanele uxhumane nomtholampilo noma uthenge i-glucometer noma ubheke abanesifo sikashukela ukuzihlola ushukela. Umphumela owutholile kumele uqoshwe kubhukwana, bese ukhonjiswa kudokotela.
Yonke imisebenzi yasekhaya yansuku zonke kufanele yenziwe ngezinga elijwayelekile lokuzivocavoca, ngaphezu kwalokho, udinga ukuthatha inkambo yokuzivocavoca umzimba okwandisa ukukhuthazela kwesineke.
Iphutha elikhulu ukuyeka ngokunqumayo ukuthatha izidakamizwa ezinconyelwe ukuze kwenziwe ushukela wegazi kanye namazinga e-insulin, kanye nokushintsha umthamo obekiwe.
Lapho kuvela izimpawu ze-hyperglycemia noma zanda kakhulu, isidingo esiphuthumayo sokubonana nodokotela ukuze uthole izeluleko. Ukungazinaki izinto ezimbi zesifo sikashukela kuzobangela:
- ubunzima bezinkinga;
- coma;
- ukufa.
Uma kwenzeka ukumelana kokulimala kwe-glucose, i-metabolic syndrome kanye ne-mellitus yesifo sikashukela sanoma yiluphi uhlobo, kubalulekile ukulungisa umthamo wemithi. Ukuze ungaphuthelwa uphawu olusongelwe, izimo ze-pathological, kubalulekile ukulalela impilo yakho futhi ungazinaki ngisho nezinguquko ezincane kakhulu emzimbeni. Ividiyo ethokozisayo kulesi sihloko izokhuluma ngazo zonke izingozi zesifo sikashukela.
